Role of angiotensin Ⅱ and JAK2 signal pathway in transdifferentation of renal tubular cells in mice after acute ischemic followed by reperfusion

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin (Ang) Ⅱ and its Janns-activated kinase-2 (JAK2) signal pathway in transdifferentiation of renal tubular cells under the challenge of acute ischemic reperfusion injury.Methods Models of acute ischemic reperfusion injury were established and the level of local Ang Ⅱ ,a key element of renin-angiotensin system (RAS),in kidney was measured using radioimmunity technique.The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),a phenotype of mesenchymal cells,was detected by RT-PCR and inununohistochemistry methods.Renal tubule cells ( NRK-52E) were cultured with various concentration of Ang Ⅱ ,followed by blocking of PD123319,Ang U receptor 2 antagonist,and AG490,an inhibitor of JAK2 signal pathway.Results Ang 0 of kidney tissue increased immediately after acute ischemic-reperfusion injury,in time dependent fashion.Expression of α-SMA in renal tubule cells was found at 48 hours after ischemic-reperfusion injury and in NRK-52E cells treated by high concentration of Ang Ⅱ and was dose and time dependent.The peak of α-SMA expression was seen after 30 minute treatment at the dose of 10-9'mol/L,which was interrupted by both of PD123319 and AG490.Conclusions Transdifferentiarion of renal tubular epithelial cells occurs under acute ischemic- reperfusion injury.Local renin-angiotensin system may play a role in the transdifferentiation of TEC through AT2 receptor and its JAK2 signal pathway.     

Manual stimulation of forearm muscles does not improve recovery of motor function after injury to a mixed peripheral nerve

Transection and re-anastomosis of the purely motor facial nerve leads to poor functional recovery. However, we have recently shown in rat that manual stimulation (MS) of denervated vibrissal muscles reduces the number of polyinnervated motor endplates and promotes full recovery of whisking. Here, we examined whether MS of denervated rat forearm muscles would also improve recovery following transection and suture of the mixed (sensory and motor) median nerve (median–median anastomosis, MMA). Following MMA of the right median nerve, animals received no postoperative treatment, daily MS of the forearm muscles or handling only. An almost identical level of functional recovery, measured by the force of grip in grams, was reached in all animals by the sixth postoperative week and maintained till 3 months following surgery regardless of the postoperative treatment. Also, we found no differences among the groups in the degree of axonal sprouting, the extent of motor endplate polyinnervation and in the soma size of regenerated motoneurons. Taken together, we show that while MS is beneficial following motor nerve injury, combined strategies will be required for functional recovery following mixed nerve injury. S. A. Dunlop and D. N. Angelov contributed equally and share last authorship.     

奥曲肽在婴幼儿心胸手术后乳糜胸治疗中的临床应用

目的 探讨奥曲肽在婴幼儿心胸术后乳糜胸的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2003年7月至2011年11月间心胸手术后并发乳糜胸15例临床资料,15例分为对照组(9例)和奥曲肽组(6例),两组病例的年龄、体重、术后发生乳糜胸时间等一般资料间差异无统计学意义,乳糜胸的诊断标准一致.分析比较两组病例治疗前、治疗中乳糜胸引流量的变化、治愈时间等数据.两组的数据用均数及标准差(-x±s)表示,组间比较采用成组设计资料的t检验,组内比较采用配对t检验,P＜ 0.05(或P＜0.01)差异有统计学意义.结果 对照组胸引流量在治疗后72 h[(214.4±130.2) ml/d]、1周[(155.5±86.7) ml/d]较治疗前[(256.6±125.2) ml/d]明显减少(t=5.041,4.623;P=0.001,0.002).对照组胸引流量治疗后2周[(142.3±120.3)ml/d]、3周[(139.4±113.4) ml/d]较治疗前无明显减少(t=2.099,1.745;P=0.069,0.119).对照组有3例保守治疗无效,其中2例手术治疗,1例死亡.奥曲肽组6例保守治疗成功.胸引流量在治疗后72 h[(88.3±22.2) ml/d]、1周[(51.2±16.7) ml/d]、2周[(19.3±6.05)ml/d]较治疗前明显减少(t=5.227,5.549,6.638;P=0.003,0.003,0.002).两组胸引流量在治疗72 h、1周、2周间间差异有统计学意义(t=2.453,2.900,2.412;P=0.029,0.012,0.031).两组保守治愈病例术后痊愈时间[对照组(32.8±0.75)d;奥曲肽组(25.2±1.78) d]差异有统计学意义(t=2.512;P=0.028).结论 奥曲肽的使用能明显促进婴幼儿术后乳糜胸恢复,应积极使用.     

呼吸频率检测技术研究现状

在机体代谢中,呼吸是至关重要的。定期监测呼吸情况,能尽早发现并预防呼吸系统以及心脑血管等方面的病变。目前,呼吸检测技术主要分为接触式和非接触式两大类。这两种检测技术各有优缺点,其中接触式检测方法能简单并快捷地测量数据,而非接触式检测方法则是利用某些技术手段通过无创测量获取人体的数据。本文对呼吸检测技术的研究现状进行了阐述,并结合各个新技术的现有产品,分析了呼吸检测技术的适用范围及未来的研究方向。     

用于精神分裂症检测的眼动仪研制

目的为了辅助医生诊断精神分裂症患者,设计一种高精度桌面式眼动仪。方法系统采用双屏输出,摄像机集成了红外光源及红外滤光镜片。重点提出一种新的瞳孔中心识别算法,首先对预处理后的眼图进行瞳孔轮廓提取,然后采用最小二乘椭圆拟合法识别瞳孔中心。在此基础上,对瞳孔周围区域进行边缘检测,得到的最大轮廓中心即为普尔钦光斑中心。最后基于非线性二阶多项式拟合静态标定算法建立了眼图坐标系和场景坐标系的映射方程,并完成了注视点标定。结果实现了眼动轨迹的实时显示和凝视点数目的统计,测试有效率达到80%以上。结论系统能够很好地跟踪和显示人眼运动,具有较好的实用性。     

EBVTK激酶基因在原核细胞中的表达及其在NPC诊断中的意义

目的 探索以Epstein-Barr病毒（EBV）TK激酶为抗原，建立简便、快速、敏感和特异的鼻咽癌（NPC）诊断方法。方法 构建原核表达载体pRSET-TK，在原核细胞BL21（DF3）中获得高效表达的TK激酶，以Western blot检测证明其抗原的特异性和应用于NPC检测的可行性。以纯化的TK激酶为抗原初步建立ELISA检测方法，检测NPC患者血清中TK／IgG抗体。结果 在NPC患者血清中含有特异的针对TK激酶的IgG抗体，Western blot TK/IgG检测的敏感度和特异度均为100％。结论 初步建立了ELISA TK／IgG诊断NPC方法，具有较高的敏感性和特异性。     

Role of angiotensin Ⅱ and JAK2 signal pathway in transdifferentation of renal tubular cells in mice after acute ischemic followed by reperfusion

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin (Ang) Ⅱ and its Janns-activated kinase-2 (JAK2) signal pathway in transdifferentiation of renal tubular cells under the challenge of acute ischemic reperfusion injury.Methods Models of acute ischemic reperfusion injury were established and the level of local Ang Ⅱ ,a key element of renin-angiotensin system (RAS),in kidney was measured using radioimmunity technique.The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),a phenotype of mesenchymal cells,was detected by RT-PCR and inununohistochemistry methods.Renal tubule cells ( NRK-52E) were cultured with various concentration of Ang Ⅱ ,followed by blocking of PD123319,Ang U receptor 2 antagonist,and AG490,an inhibitor of JAK2 signal pathway.Results Ang 0 of kidney tissue increased immediately after acute ischemic-reperfusion injury,in time dependent fashion.Expression of α-SMA in renal tubule cells was found at 48 hours after ischemic-reperfusion injury and in NRK-52E cells treated by high concentration of Ang Ⅱ and was dose and time dependent.The peak of α-SMA expression was seen after 30 minute treatment at the dose of 10-9'mol/L,which was interrupted by both of PD123319 and AG490.Conclusions Transdifferentiarion of renal tubular epithelial cells occurs under acute ischemic- reperfusion injury.Local renin-angiotensin system may play a role in the transdifferentiation of TEC through AT2 receptor and its JAK2 signal pathway.     

基于自动勾画和快速蒙特卡罗计算的放射治疗全身器官剂量数据库平台的可行性研究

目的:探讨建立一种放射治疗全身器官剂量数据库平台的可行性。方法:使用基于深度学习的自动勾画软件DeepViewer?1例食管癌患者的全身CT上勾画全身器官,然后利用基于GPU加速的蒙特卡罗软件ARCHER计算相应的器官剂量分布,最后利用Lyman-Kutcher-Burman（LKB）模型评估放疗患者正常组织并发症概率（NTCP）。结果:针对该病例,成功建立基于DeepViewer?ARCHER和LKB模型的全身器官剂量数据库,发现距离靶区越近的器官剂量越大,其中心脏与靶区间距离最小,剂量为14.11 Gy,但因其模型参数特殊,通过LKB模型计算的NTCP为0.00%;左、右肺的剂量分别为3.19和1.16 Gy,但是NTCP值却很大,分别为2.13%和1.60%。对于距离靶区较远的头颈部器官（视交叉、视神经和眼）和腹部器官（直肠、膀胱和股骨头）剂量分别约为9和2 mGy,并且NTCP均近似为0.00%。结论:研究结果证明通过自动勾画软件DeepViewer?蒙特卡罗软件ARCHER和LKB模型建立全身器官剂量数据库的可行性。     

螺旋断层放疗在全脑照射保护海马回区计划中的影响因素

目的:研究螺旋断层放疗（HT）在全脑照射保护海马回区（HS-WBRT）计划中各项参数对结果的影响。方法:选取8例行HS-WBRT的患者,在瓦里安Eclipse 13.5医生工作站进行靶区和危及器官的勾画,左右海马基于CT图像和MR图像融合勾画,同时外扩5 mm作为海马减量区,靶区为全脑减去海马回区均匀外扩5 mm的区域,危及器官包括海马回区、海马减量区、眼球和晶体。将勾画好的结构和图像传至HT物理师工作站进行计划设计,处方剂量25 Gy/10 F,射野宽度（FW）分别选择1.0、2.5、5.0 cm,螺距（Pitch）分别选择0.215、0.287、0.430,调制因子（MF）分别选择1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0、4.5、5.0,剂量计算网格（0.195 cm×0.195 cm）,其余计划参数都保持一致,分别设计不同组合参数的计划。最后统计分析不同计划参数对靶区及危及器官的剂量分布及执行效率的影响。结果:使用不同参数制作的计划均满足临床要求。通过比较不同FW、Pitch和MF对靶区及危及器官的影响,FW和MF影响最大,Pitch无影响。从计划质量考虑,FW为1.0 cm时剂量分布最佳,FW为2.5 cm时次之,FW为5 cm时最差;从治疗效率考虑,FW为5 cm时效率最高,FW为2.5 cm时效率次之,FW为1.0 cm时最差。当FW为1.0 cm时,MF选择2.5左右最佳;当FW为2.5 cm,MF选择4左右最佳;当FW为5 cm时,MF选择4左右最佳;此时减小MF会降低计划质量,而增大MF对改善剂量分布无意义,仅会增加治疗出束时间,降低治疗效率。结论:在进行HS-WBRT的计划设计中,需根据临床要求选择合适的计划参数。当临床侧重计划质量时,可选择FW为1 cm或2.5 cm,此时MF选择对应的2.5左右或4左右最佳;当侧重治疗效率时,可选择FW为5.0 cm或2.5 cm,此时MF选择4左右最佳;当兼顾计划质量和执行效率时,可选择FW为2.5 cm,此时MF选择4左右最佳,实现计划质量和治疗效率的平衡。