全文获取类型
收费全文 | 777篇 |
免费 | 32篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 5篇 |
儿科学 | 46篇 |
妇产科学 | 16篇 |
基础医学 | 93篇 |
口腔科学 | 4篇 |
临床医学 | 60篇 |
内科学 | 224篇 |
皮肤病学 | 7篇 |
神经病学 | 74篇 |
特种医学 | 25篇 |
外科学 | 101篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 39篇 |
眼科学 | 11篇 |
药学 | 40篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 65篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 30篇 |
2020年 | 23篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 22篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 23篇 |
2015年 | 16篇 |
2014年 | 37篇 |
2013年 | 48篇 |
2012年 | 56篇 |
2011年 | 78篇 |
2010年 | 37篇 |
2009年 | 54篇 |
2008年 | 55篇 |
2007年 | 70篇 |
2006年 | 58篇 |
2005年 | 39篇 |
2004年 | 30篇 |
2003年 | 33篇 |
2002年 | 28篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有814条查询结果,搜索用时 375 毫秒
61.
Julia Rozanova Paraskevi Noulas Kathleen Smart Alicia Roy Steven M. Southwick Larry Davidson Ilan Harpaz-Rotem 《The Psychiatric quarterly》2016,87(3):427-443
This study explored the journey of American armed forces personnel from their decision to join the service, through their service in an active military conflict and how these factors may be associated with potential resistance for mental healthcare. The data came from qualitative interviews with 46 OIF/OEF/OND active-duty military, reservists, and discharged veterans of the average age of 25 years, who presented for a new episode of mental health treatment to a large Veterans Affairs Hospital (VAH) in Northeastern United States in 2011–2012. Qualitative analysis of veterans’ perceptions revealed several major themes describing how a mental health diagnosis would negatively impact both their sense of identity and pragmatic career-building goals: enlisting as a career-building avenue, ‘noble superhero’ identity, escaping from hardship, and mental illness as a career-killer. Findings suggest that factors making young veterans resist mental healthcare may be reduced by partnering VAH psychiatrists with career counselors, and by enhancing military leadership’s awareness and understanding about how to support soldiers with emotional and mental health needs, with a goal to eliminating stigma. 相似文献
62.
Neural stem/progenitor cells differentiate into oligodendrocytes,reduce inflammation,and ameliorate learning deficits after transplantation in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury 下载免费PDF全文
Paraskevi N. Koutsoudaki Florentia Papastefanaki Antonios Stamatakis Georgia Kouroupi Evangelia Xingi Fotini Stylianopoulou Rebecca Matsas 《Glia》2016,64(5):763-779
The central nervous system has limited capacity for regeneration after traumatic injury. Transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach while insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) has neuroprotective properties following various experimental insults to the nervous system. We have previously shown that NPCs transduced with a lentiviral vector for IGF‐I overexpression have an enhanced ability to give rise to neurons in vitro but also in vivo, upon transplantation in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Here we studied the regenerative potential of NPCs, IGF‐I‐transduced or not, in a mouse model of hippocampal mechanical injury. NPC transplantation, with or without IGF‐I transduction, rescued the injury‐induced spatial learning deficits as revealed in the Morris Water Maze. Moreover, it had beneficial effects on the host tissue by reducing astroglial activation and microglial/macrophage accumulation while enhancing generation of endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells. One or two months after transplantation the grafted NPCs had migrated towards the lesion site and in the neighboring myelin‐rich regions. Transplanted cells differentiated toward the oligodendroglial, but not the neuronal or astrocytic lineages, expressing the early and late oligodendrocyte markers NG2, Olig2, and CNPase. The newly generated oligodendrocytes reached maturity and formed myelin internodes. Our current and previous observations illustrate the high plasticity of transplanted NPCs which can acquire injury‐dependent phenotypes within the host CNS, supporting the fact that reciprocal interactions between transplanted cells and the host tissue are an important factor to be considered when designing prospective cell‐based therapies for CNS degenerative conditions. GLIA 2016;64:763–779 相似文献
63.
Dimopoulou I Tsagarakis S Kouyialis AT Roussou P Assithianakis G Christoforaki M Ilias I Sakas DE Thalassinos N Roussos C 《Critical care medicine》2004,32(2):404-408
OBJECTIVE: To investigate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in patients requiring mechanical ventilation for traumatic brain injury and to assess the relation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis abnormalities with vasopressor dependence and peripheral cytokine levels. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: General intensive care unit in a university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Forty patients (33 men and 7 women) with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (mean age, 37 +/- 16 yrs) were studied the day after termination of mechanical ventilation (7-60 days after trauma). INTERVENTIONS: First, a morning blood sample was obtained to measure baseline cortisol, corticotropin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Subsequently, 1 microg of synthetic corticotropin was injected intravenously, and 30 mins later, a second blood sample was drawn to determine stimulated plasma cortisol. Based on data derived from healthy volunteers, patients having stimulated cortisol levels <18 microg/dL were defined as nonresponders to the low-dose stimulation test. Thirty-one patients underwent also a human corticotropin releasing hormone test. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In traumatic brain injury patients, mean baseline and low-dose stimulation test-stimulated cortisol levels were 17.2 +/- 5.4 microg/dL and 24.0 +/- 6.6 microg/dL, respectively. The median increment in cortisol was 5.9 microg/dL. Basal corticotropin levels ranged from 3.9 to 118.5 pg/mL. Six of the 40 patients (15%) failed the low-dose stimulation test. The human corticotropin releasing hormone test (performed in 26 responders and five nonresponders) revealed diminished cortisol release only in the low-dose stimulation test nonresponder patients. Corticotropin responses to corticotropin releasing hormone were consistent with both primary (three patients) and/or secondary (two patients) adrenal dysfunction. In retrospect, nonresponders to the low-dose stimulation test more frequently required vasopressors (6/6 [100%] vs. 16/34 [47%]; p =.02) and for a longer time interval (median, 0 vs. 293 hrs; p =.006) compared with responders. Furthermore, nonresponders had higher interleukin-6 levels compared with responders (56.03 vs. 28.04 pg/mL; p =.01), whereas tumor necrosis factor alpha concentrations were similar in the two groups (2.42 vs. 1.55 pg/mL; p =.53). CONCLUSIONS: Adrenal cortisol secretion after dynamic stimulation is deficient in a subset of critically ill patients with moderate to severe head injury. This disorder is associated with prior vasopressor dependency and higher interleukin-6 levels. 相似文献
64.
65.
66.
Saltiki K Papageorgiou G Voidonikola P Mantzou E Xiromeritis K Papamichael C Alevizaki M Stamatelopoulos K 《Endocrine》2010,37(2):329-335
Estrogens and androgens may play an important role in vascular health in both sexes. The aim of this study was to examine the relation of endogenous sex hormone levels with early markers of atherosclerosis in a cohort of apparently healthy males. 124 males (age 46.25 ± 9.56) attending a preventive medicine program were examined for unrecognised features of the metabolic syndrome. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery were evaluated. Obesity parameters were recorded; estradiol, testosterone, SHBG, free testosterone, insulin, as well as glucose and lipid levels were measured. FMD was positively correlated with estradiol (r = 0.201, P = 0.041) and negatively with total cholesterol (r = -0.205, P = 0.022), low density lipoproteins (r = -0.232, P = 0.009), and triglyceride levels (r = -0.179, P = 0.046). In multivariate analysis, the association of FMD with estrogen was independent of BMI and lipid levels. No significant association between FMD and testosterone levels was found. Subjects with an increased mean IMT (> 0.73 mm, i.e., > 3rd tertile) had lower levels of free (P = 0.021) and bioavailable (P = 0.016) testosterone. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, this association was no longer significant when age or cholesterol levels were considered. Endogenous estrogen levels are associated with FMD, independently of age and lipid levels, showing a protective effect in middle-age male subjects. Circulating androgens are associated, although not independently, with structural changes such as the IMT of carotid artery; this effect is possibly influenced by lipid levels and age. 相似文献
67.
Akritopoulos P Papaioannidou P Hatzokos I Haritanti A Iosifidou E Kotoula M Mirtsou-Fidani V 《Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery》2009,129(10):1427-1432
Introduction Selective and non-selective cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitors impair bone healing by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. The
purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of parecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, on bone healing in rats,
when it is applied in a pattern similar to clinical treatment patterns, that is, in a high dose and for a short period after
bone fracture.
Method Closed non-displaced mid-diaphyseal fractures in the middle of the left femoral shaft were generated in each animal. In the
study group, parecoxib sodium (1.06 mg/kg) was administered intra-peritoneally every day for 7 days. In the control group,
normal saline was administered intra-peritoneally every day for 7 days. In both groups fracture healing (bone union and callus
formation) was evaluated with X-rays 28 and 42 days after surgery.
Results Bone healing was lower in the study group (60 vs. 80% in the control group 28 days after fracture and 80 vs. 90% 42 days after
fracture) but this difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
Conclusion Parecoxib does not have a significant long-term effect on bone healing in rats, when it is administered in a high dose and
for a short period after bone fracture.
Declaration The experiments comply with the current laws of the EU, and the protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee on Animal
Research. 相似文献
68.
Mitsiakos G Papaioannou G Papadakis E Chatziioannidis E Giougi E Karagianni P Evdoridou J Malindretos P Athanasiou M Athanassiadou F Nikolaidis N 《Thrombosis research》2009,124(3):288-291
Background
Small for Gestational Age (SGA) neonates often appear with haemostatic alterations, principally due to hepatic dysfunction that results from chronic intrauterine hypoxia. Polycythaemia and thrombocytopenia are common findings in this neonatal population.Study design
We performed a comparison of coagulation, natural inhibitors and fibrinolysis between SGA and Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA) infants born full term [gestational age (G.A.) > 37 weeks]. Study population consisted of 188 healthy newborns, 90 of whom were SGA (62 females and 28 males), while the rest were the control group (44 females and 54 males). Blood samples were obtained within 30 minutes following birth and before the administration of vitamin K. Investigation included: PT, INR, APTT, fibrinogen, coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, vWillebrand factor, protein C and free protein S, antithrombin (AT), APCR, tPA and PAI-1. The independent t-test was used to compare the differences between the values of haemostatic parameters.Results
Statistical analysis revealed a significant prolongation in PT, INR, elevated levels of tPA (p < 0.015, 0.01 and 0.002 respectively) and a decrease in the values of XII and free protein S (p < 0.045 and 0.007 respectively) in SGA full term neonates. The two groups had similar demographic characteristics (except birth weight), without significant differences in the values of other haemostatic parameters.Conclusions
Despite of statistically significant differences in PT, INR, values of tPA, XII and free protein S, levels of haemostatic factors range within laboratory references for healthy full term newborns. These findings were not accompanied with clinical manifestations of altered haemostasis. 相似文献69.
70.
Hyphantis TN Tsifetaki N Pappa C Voulgari PV Siafaka V Bai M Alamanos Y Drosos AA Mavreas V 《Journal of psychosomatic research》2007,62(1):47-56
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to identify certain clinical parameters and personality characteristics associated with various forms of psychopathology in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. METHODS: Fifty-six SSc patients participated in the study, and 74 healthy participants served as controls. A wide range of clinical information was collected, and the following self-report instruments were used: General Health Questionnaire, Symptom Distress Checklist-90-R, Defense Style Questionnaire, Sense of Coherence (SOC) Scale, and Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire. RESULTS: The odds of being assessed with a psychiatric diagnosis upon interview were 4.5 times greater among SSc patients compared with controls. Disease duration and lower rates of SOC were found to be associated with elevated symptoms of general psychological distress. Elevated symptoms of depression were strongly associated with esophageal involvement, hostility, and defense style used. Elevated symptoms of anxiety were mainly associated with arthritis-related painful conditions and SOC, while psychotic-like symptoms were only associated with age and a specific personality structure. CONCLUSIONS: SSc patients experience elevated symptoms of psychological distress. Several clinical parameters are associated with distress, but the role of various personality traits could not be disregarded. Early psychiatric assessment and intervention could prevent psychological distress in SSc patients. 相似文献