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101.
目的描述并分析传染性非典型肺炎的临床表现及心肌酶学改变。方法采集并分析了23例传染性非典型肺炎患者的临床表现及心肌酶学资料,分析死亡组及存活组出现心肌酶升高的比例的差异。结果患者具有肺炎症状体征,还出现心肌酶的升高。CKMB升高的比例存活组为44.4%,死亡组为80.0%,LDH1升高的比例存活组为22.2%,死亡组为80.0%。心肌酶升高的比例死亡组高于存活组,差异具有显著性意义。结论传染性非典型肺炎存在心肌损伤。 相似文献
102.
目的 减少外周静脉化疗引起的静脉炎及药物外渗性损伤。方法 对46例锁骨下静脉置管化疗病人进行了护理观察。结果 接受锁骨下静脉置管的患者均完成了3周期化疗,导管保留时间最长为186天,无并发症发生。结论 应用中心静脉导管,一次置管可完成多程化疗,治疗方便,尤其适用于多程化疗及恶液质病人的支持治疗。 相似文献
103.
Pang WS 《Singapore medical journal》2000,41(12):567-8, 70
104.
TJ Cole 《Archives of disease in childhood》1997,76(1):47-49
AIM: To provide a simple method for assessing centile change based on the British 1990 growth reference. STATISTICAL METHOD: The change in SD score over a period of time has SD square root of 2(1-r), where r is the correlation between the first and second SD score. This leads to an SD score for centile change. DATA: Annual height measurements from 2 to 9 years for 318 children from the French longitudinal growth study. RESULTS: The correlations between heights at different ages are higher for shorter measurement intervals and at older ages. The chance of a child's height centile falling one centile band width is correspondingly smaller for shorter measurement intervals and at older ages. An increase in height measurement error reduces the correlations and dramatically increases the chances of centile crossing. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative height monitoring based on centile change is provided for whole year periods between 2 and 9 years of age. Effective monitoring requires the measurement error to be as small as possible. 相似文献
105.
L Patel PE Clayton ME Jenney JE Ferguson TJ David 《Archives of disease in childhood》1997,76(6):505-508
Cross sectional studies have reported impaired growth in children with atopic dermatitis. If this growth impairment is irreversible, it would be expected to adversely influence final height attainment. The standing heights and other anthropometric parameters were assessed in 35 adults with onset of atopic dermatitis before 5 years of age and a control group of 35 adults with adult onset contact dermatitis or psoriasis. There was no significant difference in the standing height SD score, mid-parental height SD score, sitting height SD score, subischial leg length SD score, nor body mass index between the atopic dermatitis and control groups. The standing height SD score was not significantly different among: (a) patients with atopic dermatitis affecting less than 50% of their body surface area and those with greater than 50% affected; (b) patients using the four different potency topical corticosteroids; and (c) patients with atopic dermatitis without asthma and those with coexisting asthma. It is concluded that short stature is not a feature of our group of adult patients with onset of atopic dermatitis before 5 years of age, continuing into adulthood, and severe enough to require specialist care. This suggests that if growth impairment occurs in childhood, it is likely to be temporary and reversible. 相似文献
106.
107.
OBJECTIVES: To study the efficacy of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) as a screening test for hearing impairment in children with acute bacterial meningitis. Hearing tests were performed before discharge from the hospital in an attempt to improve coverage and avoid delays in the diagnosis of postmeningitic hearing loss. METHODS: Children with bacterial meningitis were recruited from 21 centers. In the 48 hours before discharge from the hospital, all patients underwent a thorough audiologic assessment consisting of transient evoked OAEs, auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), otoscopy, and tympanometry. Hearing loss was defined as ABR threshold >/=30 dB. The results of OAE screening were compared with the gold standard of ABR threshold. RESULTS: Of 124 children recruited, we were able to perform both OAEs and ABRs on 110 children. Seven (6.3%) of the 110 children had ABR threshold >/=30 dB; 2 had sensorineural hearing loss and 5 had conductive hearing loss. At follow-up, hearing loss persisted in both cases of sensorineural hearing loss and no new cases were identified. All 7 children with hearing loss failed the OAE screening test. Ninety-four children with normal hearing thresholds passed the test, and 9 failed. Thus, the screening test had a sensitivity of 1.00 (95% confidence interval, 0.59 to 1.00), a specificity of 0.91 (0.85 to 0.97), a positive predictive value of 0. 44 (0.20 to 0.70), and a negative predictive value of 1.00 (0.96 to 1.00). CONCLUSIONS: OAE screening in children recovering from meningitis was found to be feasible and effective. The test was highly sensitive and reasonably specific. Inpatient OAE screening should allow early diagnosis of postmeningitic hearing loss and prompt auditory rehabilitation. 相似文献
108.
Characterization of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and nitrosamine metabolism in the human esophagus 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
Smith TJ; Liao A; Wang LD; Yang GY; Starcic S; Philbert MA; Yang CS 《Carcinogenesis》1998,19(4):667-672
Esophageal cancer has been associated with tobacco smoking, and
nitrosamines are possible causative agents for this cancer. The present
study investigated the metabolism of the tobacco carcinogens N'-
nitrosonornicotine (NNN), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1- butanone
(NNK), and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), as well as the presence of
xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in human esophageal tissues from
individuals in the United States and Huixian, Henan Province, China (a
high-risk area for esophageal cancer). All esophageal microsomal samples
activated NNN and the metabolic rate was 2-fold higher in the esophageal
samples from China than the USA. All microsomal samples activated NDMA.
However, most of the microsomal samples did not activate NNK.
Troleandomycin (an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A) decreased the formation
of NNN-derived keto acid by 20-26% in the esophageal microsomes. The
activities for NADPH: cytochrome c reductase, ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase,
NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase and glutathione S-transferase were present
in the esophageal samples. Coumarin 7-hydroxylase (a representative
activity for P450 2A6) activity was not detected in the esophageal
microsomal samples. The activities for nitrosamine metabolism and
xenobiotic- metabolizing enzymes were decreased (by 30-50%) in the squamous
cell carcinomas compared with their corresponding non-cancerous mucosa. The
presence of activation and detoxification enzymes in the esophagus may play
an important role in determining the susceptibility of the esophagus to the
carcinogenic effect of nitrosamines. Our results suggest that P450s 3A4 and
2E1 are involved in the activation of NNN and NDMA, respectively, in the
human esophagus.
相似文献
109.
Wang WS; Hsieh RK; Chiou TJ; Liu JH; Fan FS; Yen CC; Tung SL; Chen PM 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1998,28(9):551-554
A 54-year-old man was treated with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose
5-fluorouracil (2600 mg/m2) and leucovorin (100 mg/m2) for metastatic colon
cancer. At first, he tolerated the treatment well and no significant
toxicity was identified. After a total of eight courses of treatment, a
stable disease was observed, but mild shortness of breath was found on
occasion. The patient had no previous history of cardiac disease and the
heart performance assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction before
treatment was normal. Unfortunately, acute pulmonary edema with lethal
cardiogenic shock occurred during the ninth course of treatment, in spite
of intensive medical treatment. The chest X-ray showed extreme
cardiomegaly. Repeated assessment of his heart function by echocardiogram
and ventricular ejection fraction revealed a very poor cardiac performance.
Toxic cardiogenic shock during weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose
5-fluorouracil and leucovorin is extremely rare. To the best of our
knowledge, no case has been reported in the English literature. We report a
case and the relevant literature about the incidence, clinical picture and
possible pathophysiology on 5-fluorouracil-related cardioxicity is
reviewed.
相似文献
110.
p27kip1的研究现状及展望 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
细胞的增殖在许多生理及病理生理学过程中起着极为重要的作用,并受许多细胞内及细胞外因素的调控,细胞的适度增殖取决于细胞内外的正增殖信号与负增殖信号在一定水平上的动态平衡.细胞周期是细胞增殖、分化的最后共同通路,在此对细胞的增殖与分化进行干预、调控的作用可能大于对其上游诸因素的干预. 相似文献