伴重症肌无力的胸腺瘤HLA类分子表达强度分析

目的 通过比较伴重症肌无力(MG)的胸腺瘤、单纯胸腺瘤和正常胸腺中HLA类分子表达强度的差异，探讨伴MG胸腺瘤内异常微环境因素。方法 采用免疫组化方法检测HLA-Ⅰ(A、B、C)和HLA-DR表达，光镜下扫描图像入计算机，处理后得HLA类分子染色的积分光密度以分析其表达强度。结果 皮质型胸腺瘤HLA-DR表达强度减弱，伴MG皮质型胸腺瘤HLA-DR表达强度减弱程度更甚。结论 伴MG的皮质型胸腺瘤表达HLA-DR强度减弱可能是其内的胸腺细胞分化、发育异常的原因，可能与MG发病相关。     

Characteristics of therapy of heart diseases in old age

Cardiac insufficiency, coronary heart disease, and arrhythmia are not only more frequent in elderly patients, they are very often combined. By reason of cardiac morbidity and general morbidity as well as changed physiological and pathophysiological conditions, diagnosis of cardiac disease in elderly patients is more difficult. These conditions also apply to modifications in the therapy of cardiac diseases in advanced age. Especially pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic effects in advanced age combined with multimorbidity also account for the risk of interactions because of the simultaneous application of different pharmacological groups.     

Treatment of severe acute lung allograft rejection with OKT3 and temporary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation bridging.

OBJECTIVES: The use of OKT3 for treatment of advanced high-grade acute rejection episodes eventually can result in cytokine release and consecutive pulmonary edema. Temporary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) bridging can be used to overcome this crucial period before the beneficial effects of OKT3 can be observed. METHODS: We summarize our experience with three patients, who underwent lung transplantation and presented with severe acute rejection episodes. OKT3 had to be initiated due to insufficient response to standard rejection therapy with corticosteroids. Upon initiation of OKT3 treatment, a massive life-threatening deterioration of lung function in spite of heavily invasive respirator treatment was seen and temporary ECMO support was imperative to support graft function. Results of this treatment were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: In all cases femoro-femoral veno-arterial ECMO was used for support of the impaired graft and after a period of 4-5 days led to a massive improvement of graft function. In the further course two patients could be discharged from hospital and are still alive 30 and 36 months, respectively, after the described incident. One patient died 4 months later due to liver failure. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the use of ECMO support in patients experiencing significant side effects from OKT3 therapy is a useful and effective therapeutic tool to overcome the initial critical period until the lung has sufficiently recovered.     

新一代人工牛黄的药理与毒理学研究 Ⅰ.对中枢神经系统的影响

本文比较了新一代人工牛黄和天然牛黄,人工牛黄对中枢神经系统的影响,实验结果:新一代人工牛黄对小鼠中枢神经系统具有抑制作用,对发热大鼠有一定程度的解热作用,它的药理作用与天然牛黄接近,某些药理作用强于人工牛黄,为新一代人工牛黄代替天然牛黄提供了科学依据.     

α-黑素细胞刺激素对大鼠局灶脑缺血再灌注后炎症反应的影响

目的 研究α-黑素细胞刺激素(α-MSH)对脑缺血-再灌注后脑组织炎性细胞浸润及粘附分子(ICAM-1)表达的影响。方法用线栓法建立大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞(MCAO)模型,治疗组腹腔注射α-MSH,用髓过氧化物酶(MPO)定量测定法评价脑缺血组织中中性粒细胞浸润程度,免疫组化法检测ICAM-1表达情况,并电镜观察超微结构的改变。结果 α-MSH能明显改善细胞超微结构的损害;α-MSH治疗组再灌注后脑组织ICAM-1表达明显下调,MPO含量减少,与脑缺血组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论 α-MSH能减轻脑缺血-再灌注后脑组织炎性细胞浸润及粘附分子(ICAM-1)表达,对脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。     

人晶体 γ-晶体蛋白的研究:Ⅳ.近紫外线对胚 γ_2-晶体蛋白的光氧化作用

对人胚胎晶体γ_2-晶体蛋白溶液用近紫外线(γmax 365nm)照射,不同时间取样分析。利用巯基(-SH)特异性试剂 DACM[N-(7-甲基氨基-4-甲基-3-邻羟苯烯基)-马来酰亚胺],经 SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳观察光照射后的γ_2-晶体蛋白及其聚合物的游离巯基,同时检测照射后的蛋白溶液的紫外吸收光谱、光散射强度、色氨酸荧光发射光谱,以及丙烯酰胺对色氨酸荧光的猝灭效应。结果显示:人胚胎γ_2-晶体蛋白经紫外线照射,使其游离-SH 减少,蛋白聚合和分解,蛋白溶液的光散射增强,其二聚体不含游离-SH,γ_2-晶体蛋白的色氨酸荧光减少,这些变化随照射时间的延长而更明显;而对丙烯酰胺对蛋白分子中的色氨酸荧光猝灭效应影响不大。说明人胚胎γ_2-晶体蛋白通过光氧化,损伤及含游离-SH 的氨基酸残基、色氨酸残基,光氧化促使蛋白聚合和分解.提出通过进一步定量分析,可能在较深层次揭示紫外光氧化损伤含-SH 氨基酸、色氨酸残基,进而影响整个蛋白质分子结构的差异。眼科学报 1993;9:85-89。     

Colonic wall thickness measured by ultrasound: striking differences in patients with cystic fibrosis versus healthy controls.

BACKGROUND: Colonic strictures represent an advanced stage of fibrosing colonopathy in patients with cystic fibrosis. AIMS: To clarify whether ultrasonography can identify patients with an early stage of fibrosing colonopathy and to determine clinical factors that influence bowel wall thickening. PATIENTS: Ninety patients with cystic fibrosis, median age 10 years, and 46 healthy controls, median age 13 years, were investigated. METHODS: Bowel wall thickness was measured by ultrasound in a prospective study. RESULTS: In cystic fibrosis, wall thickness of both small intestine and colon was significantly (p < 0.0001) higher than in controls; 81% of patients with cystic fibrosis had a maximum colon wall thickness at any site of 2 mm or more, a value that was never reached by controls. The maximum colon wall thickness was 6.5 mm. Bowel wall thickness was unchanged at re-examination after one year. There was no progression even with high dose pancreatic supplements. There was no association between bowel wall thickness and clinical features such as previous meconium ileus, intestinal resection, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome, abdominal pain, or pancreatic enzyme dose. CONCLUSIONS: There is genuine intestinal involvement in cystic fibrosis; in a few cases this could lead to fibrosing colonopathy.     

白内障显微囊外摘除联合小梁切除术

报告20例(21眼)青光眼白内障并存患者采用显微囊外摘除联合小梁切除术.术后眼压控制满意,滤过泡形成,视力不同程度提高,无明显并发症.并对有关机制,手术优点及不易控制的眼压问题进行了讨论.     

Alcohol consumption and impaired glycoregulation results in a population of 6665 salaried employees

Alcohol consumption and glycosuria were found to be associated (p < 0.001) in a population of 6571 salaried employees who underwent a systematic examination. The prevalence of glycosuria was found to range from 1.3% among 2609 non-drinkers to 5% among 816 heavy drinkers (six glasses or more of alcoholic beverage daily). This association was still significant after adjustement for age, sex and body mass index. Similarly, a positive association was observed between fasting glycemia and alcoholic intake in a subgroup of 998 subjects when such a result was available (p < 0.05).