Supplement to the published paper "Theory-guided interventions for Chinese patients to adapt to heart failure:A quasi-experimental study"

We appreciate the question raised in a discussion with a reader and the editor about an instrument for outcome measure of the quality of life among people with ...     

输尿管末端粘连:原位新膀胱术后上尿路积水原因之一

目的:总结原位新膀胱术后输尿管末端粘连致上尿路积水的诊断和处理经验。方法:2000年1月~2007年4月共施行全膀胱切除加原位新膀胱术250例,发现8例原位新膀胱术后患者上尿路积水是由输尿管末端互相粘连或与新膀胱壁粘连引起,在内镜下经尿道切断粘连带予以处理。结果:术后中位随访8个月(1~22个月),7例肾功能和积水程度明显改善,1例稳定,并在密切随访观察中。1例在积水缓解后7个月再次复发,发现输尿管肠吻合口狭窄,行开放手术作输尿管新膀胱再植,随访5个月,积水程度明显改善。结论:输尿管末端粘连是使用输尿管直接种植法的原位新膀胱术后上尿路积水的原因之一。膀胱镜检查既可明确诊断又能同时作粘连带切断而达到治疗的目的,因此,对原位新膀胱术后上尿路积水患者应常规作膀胱镜检查。     

酸蚀处理对新型自粘结树脂水门汀粘结强度的影响

目的:评价酸蚀处理对新型自粘结树脂水门汀Unicem与牙本质和牙釉质之间粘结强度的影响。方法:选取新鲜拔除的无龋坏人第三磨牙36个,制备颊侧牙本质粘结面和近、远中牙釉质粘结面,随机分为3组,每组12个牙,分别选用Unicem、磷酸酸蚀配合Unicem和Panavia F(对照组)进行粘结处理,分别测试牙本质、牙釉质粘结强度,并通过扫描电镜观察粘结界面。结果:在牙本质粘结强度上,Unicem组(12.84±2.29 MPa)与Panavia F组(14.93±3.73 MPa)之间无显著性差异(P>0.05),但均显著高于磷酸酸蚀配合Unicem组(9.12±1.54 MPa)(P<0.05);牙釉质粘结强度上,磷酸酸蚀配合Unicem组(17.24±7.62 MPa)和Panavia F组(17.99±3.66 MPa)无显著性差异(P>0.05),但均显著高于Unicem组(6.47±1.54MPa)(P<0.05)。结论:酸蚀处理可以显著提高自粘结树脂水门汀Unicem牙釉质粘结强度,却降低了牙本质粘结效果。     

Coronary artery disease in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus estimated by electron beam computed tomography and electron beam computed tomography angiography

Objective To assess the prevalence and risk of coronary artery disease(CAD) in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) using electron beam computed tomography(EBCT) and EBCT angiography(EBCTA) . Methods:Ninety-four cases were enrolled in this study including diabetes(n=28) ,impaired glucose tolerance(IGT,n=30) ,coronary heart disease(CHD,n=11) ,and control(n=25) . Cardiac EBCT plain scanning and EBCTA were performed on all of these subjects to evaluate coronary artery calcifica-tion(CAC) scores,and number of segments of stenosed coronary arteries. Both CAC and/or coronary artery stenosis were defined as patients with coronary artery lesions(CAL) . Results CAC scores were not different with the control,diabetes,IGT,or CHD(P>0.05) groups. Compared to control(0.520±1.295) ,more stenosed coronary arteries segments(P<0.05) were detected in diabetes(2.964± 1.915) ,IGT(2.200±2.024) ,and CHD(2.273±1.679) . Number of stenosed artery segments were correlated with age(r=0.215,P=0.019) ,postprandial glucose(r=0.224,P=0.015) ,total cholesterol(r=0.323,P=0.000) ,and duration of diabetes(r=0.208,P=0.004) . The incidences of CAL in diabetes(96.43%) ,IGT(93.33%) ,and CHD(90.91%) was substantially higher than that in normal control(56.00%,P<0.01) . The odds ratio of CAL associated with having diabetes was estimated to be 7.514(95% CI:1.885-63.778) . Conclusions Coronary artery lesions are prevalent in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes,implying a high CAD risk. EBCTA holds potential in depicting the details of CAL and can be used to track the progression of CAD in diabetes patients.     

Merocel高分子止血膨胀材料在老年鼻出血患者鼻腔填塞中的效果观察

目的观察Merocel高分子止血膨胀材料在老年鼻出血患者鼻腔填塞中的应用效果。方法使用Merocel高分子止血膨胀材料对48例患者(Merocel组)进行鼻腔填塞,以凡士林纱对53例患者(对照组)进行鼻腔填塞,比较两组的局部疼痛、睡眠障碍发生情况、止血效果及抽出时出血量、黏膜愈合情况。结果两组的局部疼痛、睡眠障碍发生情况及出血量均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论Merocel高分子止血膨胀材料在鼻腔填塞中的疗效肯定,安全有效,通过适当护理,将大大减少鼻腔填塞的痛苦。     

胫骨平台骨折58例临床分析

目的 分析胫骨平台骨折的临床治疗效果.方法 临床多种类型胫骨平台骨折58例采取手术及非手术治疗并对其治疗结果进行评价.结果 58例患者平均随访时间3年6个月,结果按综合评分法进行评价,本组优28例,良21例,可7例,差2例,优良率为84.5%.结论 正确的评估胫骨平台骨折塌陷及劈裂的程度、准确复位、牢靠的固定以及早期功能锻炼、CPM的应用有利于患肢功能的康复.     

sLex expression in invasive micropapillary breast carcinoma is associated with poor prognosis and can be combined with MUC1/EMA as a supplementary diagnostic indicator

Objective:Mucin 1 (MUC1/EMA) and sialyl Lewis X (sLe^x) indicate polarity reversal in invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of MUC1/EMA and sLe^x and to assess their diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with IMPC.Methods:The expression of sLe^x and MUC1/EMA in 100 patients with IMPC and a control group of 89 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC-NOS) were analyzed with IHC. Fresh tumor tissues were collected from patients with IMPC or IDC-NOS for primary culture and immunofluorescence analysis.Results:The rate of nodal metastasis was higher in patients with IMPC than those with IDC-NOS, and IMPC cells tended to express more sLe^x and MUC1/EMA in the cytomembranes (the stroma-facing surfaces of the micropapillary clusters) than IDC-NOS cells. In IMPC, high cytomembrane expression of sLe^x, but not MUC1/EMA, indicated poor prognosis. In addition, among the 100 patients with IMPC, 10 patients had sLe^x+/EMA– expression patterns, and 8 patients had sLe^x–/EMA+ expression patterns. The primary IMPC cells were suspended, non-adherent tumor cell clusters, whereas the primary IDC cells were adherent tumor cells. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that MUC1/EMA and sLe^x were co-expressed on the cytomembranes in IMPC cell clusters and in the cytoplasm in IDC-NOS cells.Conclusions:sLe^x can be used as a prognostic indicator and can be combined with MUC1/EMA as a complementary diagnostic indicator to avoid missed IMPC diagnosis.     

A combination of digital design and three-dimensional printing to assist treatment of thoracolumbar compression fractures using percutaneous kyphoplasty

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the preoperative digital design combined with three-dimensional(3D) printing models to assist percutaneous kyphop...     

环境因子对我国卵形硬蜱适生区分布的影响研究

目的 探索影响卵形硬蜱适生区分布的环境因子及未来环境变化对卵形硬蜱适生区分布的影响.方法 通过文献检索获取我国已知卵形硬蜱分布点数据,结合环境因子数据,运用最大熵模型对卵形硬蜱适生区分布进行模拟,并根据2050、2070年环境数据对卵形硬蜱适生区分布变化进行预测.结果 目前我国卵形硬蜱适生区面积为311.0万km2,占...     

介入治疗在外周血管出血中的临床应用

外周血管出血是临床常见急症,具有发病突然、病情恶化快、病死率高等特点。主要治疗方法包括保守治疗、内镜治疗、外科手术及血管介入治疗。保守治疗效果通常不理想。内镜治疗主要针对症状较轻患者,需把握治疗时机。外科手术创伤大,临床应用受限。随着介入器材和诊疗技术改进,临床上绝大多数外周血管出血均可通过介入手术治疗。但不同部位出血的介入治疗方案各有利弊,缺乏统一意见,亟需梳理。本文就呼吸系统、消化系统及泌尿生殖系统等常见外周血管出血的介入治疗作一综述。