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101.
Saha Soma Pal Dey Poushali Mitra Souvik 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B.》2021,91(4):919-927
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Microbial association is considered as a significant innovation for land colonization of mosses. Plagiomnium... 相似文献
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Davide Abate Alda Saldan Carlo Mengoli Marta Fiscon Cristina Silvestre Loredana Fallico Marta Peracchi Lucrezia Furian Riccardo Cusinato Luciana Bonfante Barbara Rossi Francesco Marchini Dino Sgarabotto Paolo Rigotti Giorgio Palù 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2013,51(8):2501-2507
Assessing cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMI) represents an appealing strategy for identifying transplant recipients at risk of infection. In this study, we compared two gamma interferon-releasing assays (IGRAs), Quantiferon-CMV and CMV enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT), to determine the ability of each test to predict protective CMV-specific T-cell responses. Two hundred twenty-one Quantiferon-CMV and ELISPOT tests were conducted on 120 adult kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), including 100 CMV-seropositive transplant recipients (R+) and 20 CMV-seronegative transplant recipients of a CMV-positive donor (D+/R−). As a control cohort, 39 healthy adult subjects (including 33 CMV-seropositive and 6 CMV-seronegative subjects) were enrolled. CMV IgG serology was used as a reference for both tests. In the CMV-seropositive individuals, the ELISPOT and Quantiferon-CMV assays provided 46% concordance with the serology, 12% discordance, 18% disagreement between ELISPOT or Quantiferon-CMV and the serology, and 24% gray areas when one or both tests resulted in weak positives. None of the CMV-seronegative subjects showed detectable responses in the ELISPOT or the Quantiferon-CMV test. In transplant recipients, both the ELISPOT and Quantiferon-CMV assays positively correlated with each other and negatively correlated with CMV DNAemia in a significant way (P < 0.05). During the antiviral prophylaxis, all 20 D+/R− KTRs we examined displayed undetectable Quantiferon-CMV and ELISPOT results, and there was no evidence of CMV seroconversion. The receiving operator curve (ROC) statistical analysis revealed similar specificities and sensitivities in predicting detectable viremia (areas under the curve [AUC], 0.66 and 0.62 for Quantiferon-CMV and ELISPOT, respectively). ELISPOT and Quantiferon-CMV values of >150 spots/200,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and >1 to 6 IU gamma interferon (IFN-γ) were associated with protection from CMV infection (odds ratios [OR], 5 and 8.75, respectively). In transplant recipients, the two tests displayed similar abilities for predicting CMV infection. Both the ELISPOT and Quantiferon-CMV assays require several ameliorations to avoid false-negative results. 相似文献
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Enamul Haque Ishita Mandal Smarajit Pal Rathindranath Baral 《Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology》2013,35(1):33-50
Significant restriction of growth of Ehrlich's carcinoma was observed following prophylactic treatment on Swiss albino mice with neem leaf preparation (NLP-1 unit) once weekly for four weeks. Toxic effects of this particular dose (1 unit), along with 0.5 unit and 2 units of NLP doses, were evaluated on different murine physiological systems. One hundred percent of mice could tolerate 4 injections of 0.5 and 1 unit NLP doses. Body weight, different organ-body weight ratios and physical behavior of treated mice remained completely unchanged during treatment with different NLP doses. All of these NLP doses were observed to stimulate hematological systems as evidenced by the increase in total count of RBC, WBC and platelets and hemoglobin percentage. As histological changes as well as elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, SGPT were not observed in mice treated with three different doses of NLP, the nonhepatotoxic nature of NLP was proved. The level of serum urea remained unaltered and normal architecture of the cortical and medullary parts of the kidney were also preserved after NLP treatment. Increased antibody production against B16 melanoma antigen was detected in mice immunized with 0.5 unit and 1 unit of NLP. Number of splenic T lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+) and NK cells were also observed to be increased in mice injected with 0.5 unit and 1 unit of NLP. However, NLP dose of 2 units could not exhibit such immunostimulatory changes; NLP mediated immunostimulation was correlated well with the growth restriction of murine carcinoma. In other words, tumor growth restriction was observed only when mice were injected with immunostimulatory doses of NLP (0.5 unit and 1 unit). 相似文献
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Alok Kumar Singh Vivek Singh Mahendra Pal Singh Pratima Shrivastava Nisha Singh Indrajeet Singh Gambhir 《Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology》2013,35(2):411-423
It is well established that the immune potential declines with age. However, there is a great paucity of information regarding role of monocytes in elderly suffering from cerebrovascular accident. This present study was undertaken to investigate if the functions of peripheral blood mononuclear cells have any correlation to the manifestation of an age-associated cerebrovascular disorders: myocardial infraction, cerebrovascular (infract & hemorrhage). An age-associated inhibition in the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) by monocytes was observed while the production of nitric oxide (NO) remained unaltered in the response of monocytes, obtained from normal elderly donors, to Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in vitro. Cerebrovascular pathologies were found to be associated with an augmentation of IL-1 production by monocyte, while NO production was augmented in case of CVA (hemorrhage) and MI. Trace element copper was found to be lower in the serum of patients suffering from CVA, while concentration of zinc was found to be elevated in serum compared to these trace elements in normal adults. Thus these factors are likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related cerebrovascular disorders. 相似文献
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Maitreyee Nandi Samar Deb Jitendra Nath Pal Arunabha Tapadar Hironmoy Roy Chinmaya Kar 《Journal of the Anatomical Society of India》2013,62(1):68-72
Introduction: Quadriceps angle (Q angle) is one of the most important indicators of stability of patello-femoral joint. Orthopedic surgeons often measure the Q angle clinically in patients suffering from patello-femoral joint dysfunction or in subjects particularly young active sportspersons who are prone to injury of this joint. But the clinical method of measurement of Q angle is not standardized, and its value depends on various methods used. But the radiological method of measurement of Q angle is more accurate. However, due to the expense and time involved, the clinical method is preferred over the radiological one in practice. Aim: This study was aimed at studying the correlation and regression between the radiographic Q-angle values and the clinical ones, so that the former can be predicted easily from the latter. Materials and methods: Q angle was measured both clinically and radiographically in both knee joints of 93 adult subjects in North Bengal Medical College and Hospital. Result: Statistically significant correlation followed by the regression analysis could reveal simple linear regression equations for predicting the radiological Q-angle values from the clinical Q angle, derived separately in both males and females in right and left sides, separately. Conclusion: Thus, from a known clinical Q-angle value, we can derive the respective radiological Q angle, indirectly avoiding the entire troublesome maneuver in regular practice. So the present study recommends this method in clinical fields because this is a more rational and ideal approach to estimate the radiological Q angle. Increase in the Q angle beyond 20–22° predisposes to patellar dislocation which should be kept in mind while screening athletes, especially females. This tendency can be countered by quadriceps exercises and appropriate footwear. 相似文献
108.
Yashwant Patidar Chandan Kumar Pal Amar Mukund Guresh Kumar Shiv Kumar Sarin 《The British journal of radiology》2021,94(1120)
Objective:Comparing the efficacy, safety and outcome of percutaneous intrervention for Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) patients with bilirubin less than 3 and 3–6 mg dl−1.Methods and materials:188 BCS patients having serum bilirubin ≤6 mg dl−1 and underwent percutaneous interventions were divided into two groups based on bilirubin level: 151 patients having bilirubin <3 mg dl−1 were included in Group 1; and 37 patients having bilirubin 3–6 mg dl−1 were included in Group 2. Both group were compare for technical success (successful recanalization of hepatic venous stenosis or creation of portocaval shunt with post-procedure gradient ≤5 mm of Hg), Safety (procedure-related mortality/morbidity or patient required transplantation) and outcome (resolution of clinical symptoms and survival).Results:Technical success was 94.7% in Group 1–89.1% in Group 2 with overall success rate was 93.6%. No significant differences observed between the two groups in regards to procedure related complication. Overall transplant-free survival at 1 and 5 years after intervention in both groups was 96.3 and 91.2% respectively. 1-year and 5-year survivals in Group 1 was 96.7%, and 93.1%, whereas Group 2 was 94.6 and 90.1% with no statically significantly difference between the two groups (p = 0.59). Percutaneous intervention results are good in patients having bilirubin up to 6 mg dl−1, i.e. mild to moderate liver dysfunctions.Conclusion:Technical success, survival and outcome of percutaneous intervention in BCS patients having serum bilirubin 3–6 mg dl−1 was comparable to patients having bilirubin level <3 mg dl−1.Advances in knowledge:Percutaneous intervention treatment is suitable for treatment for symptomatic BCS patients having bilirubin up to 6 mg dl−1. 相似文献
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External influence is essential for any change to occur in this world. Similarly, the reaction path of a chemical reaction can be changed with the addition of a catalyst from outside. Sometimes a catalyst performs better when it remains associated with an inert substance, which is called a support material (SM). Improved catalyst accomplishment arises from the ‘proximity effect’. Even inert supports play a role in better product formulation or environmental remediation. In this review, it has been shown how the SM, as a nest, aids the catalyst particle synergistically to perform a good job in a chemical reaction. The structure–function relationship of SM helps in catalyst activation to some extent, and produces active centres that are difficult to fully ascertain. In the text, Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L–H), Mars-van Krevelen (MVK), and Eley–Rideal (E–R) mechanisms are highlighted for the adsorption processes as the case may be. Again, the importance of SM for both catalyst and substrates has been consolidated here in the text. Finally, the role of the initiator and the promoter is also discussed in this review.Catalysts are empowered with proper support materials (SM). The proximity effect, in other word ‘synergism’ between the two, is still necessary to be explored at the molecular level to revamp this never ending field of catalysis. 相似文献