含不同启动子的腺病毒载体介导的人β2肾上腺素能受体基因在心肌细胞的表达

目的：观察不同的启动因子cmv,mlc-2v对腺病毒载体介导的人β2肾上腺素能受体（β2－AR）基因在大鼠心肌细胞中表达,方法：分别构建cmv,mlc-2v启动子并携带人β20－AR基因的重组腺病毒Adcmvβ2AR,Admlc,β2AR,用以感染心肌细胞,并检测心肌细胞对人β2－AR基因的表达及cAMP的含量,结果：经RT－PCR,Western免疫印迹分析证帝感染的心肌细胞均表达人β2－AR,放射性配基检测显示含mlc-2v启动子Admlcβ2AR感染的心肌细胞β2－AR密度低于含cmv启动子的A β2AR感染组（P＜0．01）,经10umol/L异丙肾上腺素作用,感染组的心肌细胞内cAMP含量明显高于对照组,感染组间存在明显差异（P＜0．01）,结论：含不同启动子的腺病毒载休感染心肌细胞后均可表达具有生物活性的人β2－AR,但两者存在差异。     

尿道压力分布图对α受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增长效果 …

目的：研究尿道压力分布图（ＵＰＰ）对良性前列腺增长（ＢＰＨ）患者α肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂治疗效果的预测。方法：用改良苄胺唑啉ＵＰＰ试验将ＢＰＨ患者分为阳性及阴性组,比较ＵＰＰ图诸参数之差异。结果：１４３例ＢＰＨ患者行改良苄胺唑啉ＵＰＰ试验,阳性６４例,占全部病例（４５７例）的１４．０％。资料完整者阳性组（３８例）及阴性组（２８例）试验前最在尿流率（Ｑｍａｘ,ｍｌ／ｓ）及ＵＰＰ诸参数无显著性差异（ｐ〈     

尿道压力分布图对α受体阻滞剂治疗良性前列腺增生效果的预测

目的:研究尿道压力分布图(UPP)对良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者α肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂治疗效果的预测.方法:用改良苄胺唑啉UPP试验将BPH患者分为阳性及阴性组,比较UPP图诸参数之差异.结果:143例BPH患者行改良苄胺唑啉UPP试验,阳性64例,占全部病例(457例)的14.0%.资料完整者阳性组(38例)及阴性组(28例)试验前最大尿流率(Qmax,ml/s)及UPP诸参数无显著性差异(P>0.05),阳性组Qmax增加、UPP诸参数减少有显著性差异(P<0.01).阳性组试验前后相比膀胱颈压及前列腺部压力降低低于膜部,试验后此两处压力相对值增高.结论:用UPP图形不能代替苄胺唑啉UPP试验来预测BPH患者α受体阻滞剂治疗效果,BPH伴功能性梗阻者对α受体阻滞剂最敏感区是远段尿道括约肌.     

天津市社区人群中尿糖筛检结果

目的：调查（天津市）社区居民尿糖阳性检出率及人群分布情况,为糖尿病防治提供参考依据和指标。方法：采用整群随机抽样方法及医学检验手段,对从本市社区人群中抽取到的调查对象共６２５７７人（男３０４６２人,女３２１１５人）进行了尿糖筛检调查试验。结果：受检人群的尿糖阳性检出率,在男、女及合计分别为９．００‰,１１．６０‰及１０．３０‰;尿糖阳性率按年龄和职业分布明显不同。结论：得出了天津市社区人群尿糖水平     

结核分枝杆菌DNA两种提取方法比较

目的 :比较能够满足内切酶分析的结核分枝杆菌染色体DNA提取的两种方法 ,并结合实验室条件加以改进。方法 :称取结核分枝杆菌培养物 ,灭活后以溶菌酶和蛋白酶K消化后 ,分别以CTAB/NaCl和酚 /氯仿 /异戊醇 (2 5∶2 4∶1)抽提 ,无水乙醇沉淀 ,紫外分光光度计测定DNA的含量。结果 :酚抽提法和CTAB抽提法提取的基因组DNA的得率分别为0 47± 0 0 71,0 41± 0 10 (‰ ,W/W )。A2 60 /A2 80 的值分别为 1 83± 0 12 ,1 89± 0 0 72。结论 :用CTAB/NaCl抽提结核分枝杆菌基因组DNA均能满足内切酶及杂交操作的要求 ,酚抽提法得率稍高 ,但无统计学意义。CTAB法污染少 ,省时省材 ,可代替酚抽提DNA。     

The Inhibition and Protection of Cholinesterase by Physostigmine and Pyridostigmine Against Soman Poisoning in vivo

It has been shown that some reversible cholinesterase (ChE)inhibitors as physostigmine and pyridostigmine are prophylacticallyeffective in organophosphate poisoning. The inhibition and protectionof ChE against Soman poisoning with the above mentioned drugswas investigated in mice.

1. Physostigmine and pyridostigmine significantly inhibited theChE in whole blood in vivo and their inhibitory potencies withequitoxic doses were approximately equal (1/5 LD₅₀ about 30%;1/2 LD₅₀ about 45% respectively). Physostigmine also significantlyinhibited brain ChE and its potency was slightly weaker thanthat in blood; but pyridostigmine only slightly inhibited brainChE (17%) with large dose (1/2 LD₅₀). The extent of inhibitionwas in parallel with the dosage of the drugs used.
2. Physostigminehad definite protection in the blood and brainChE against Somanpoisoning. The extent of protection was inparallel with thedosage used. The protection of blood ChE bypyridostigmine wasweaker than that by physostigmine. Therewas no protection ofbrain ChE by pyridostigmine.
3. The inhibitory potency of equitoxicdoses of physostigmine andpyridostigmine in the ChE of diaphragmmuscle was equal too(1/2 LD₅₀ about 45%), and the protectiveeffect of physostigminewas still greater than that of pyridostigminein Soman poisoning.
4. The time course of blood ChE inhibitionby physostigmine invivo was of short duration. While 30 minutesafter administrationof physostigmine, the ChE activity graduallyrecovered and itreturned to normal level after 4 hours. Theblood ChE inhibitionby pyridostigmine reached a peak levelafter 2 hours, and theChE activity slowly increased after 4hours, but there was 30%of ChE activity still inhibited after8 hours.
5. Physostigmine and pyridostigmine, the reversibleChE inhibitorswith carbamate structure, have definite ChE protectionagainstSoman poisoning. The prophylactic efficacy was obviouslycorrelatedwith their ChE protective potency. Evaluating physostigmineand pyridostigmine based on their efficacy, toxicity, adverseeffects, duration, availability and stability, we recommendthat pyridostigmine is the drug of choice in the prophylaxisagainst nerve gas poisoning.

     

羟基磷灰石根管充填诱导根尖形成的临床研究

目的：探讨羟基磷灰石（hydroxyapatite,HA）诱导根尖形成的性能。方法：选择90例根尖未发育完成合并牙髓病或根尖病的年轻恒牙，分3组分别充填HA糊剂，氢氧化铝糊剂（Ca(OH)2)氧化锌丁香油糊剂（ZOE）诱导根尖形成于治疗后1年、2年随访评价临床疗效。结果：HA糊剂、Ca(OH)2糊剂、ZOE糊剂3组疗效无显著性差异。结论：HA糊剂充填根管具有诱导根尖形成的能力。     

中草药中硒的生物功能及测定方法研究进展

硒是人体必需的微量元素，具有可抑制结肠癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌和白血病等多种癌症发生和发展的作用。适当补硒具有使非特异性免疫、细胞免疫及体液免疫功能得到改善等多种生物功能。简述硒的生理和药理作用及近年国内中草药中硒的测定方法。     

宁血益明丸治疗糖尿病视网膜病变远期疗效分析

目的 :观察宁血益明丸 (人参、丹皮、当归、杞子、茜草、桑叶、三七等 )治疗糖尿病视网膜病变 (DR) 3年的远期疗效。方法 :68例 1 36只眼DR(气阴两虚型 )患者服用宁血益明丸治疗。并对远期疗效 (1～ 3年 )患者进行分析。结果 :宁血益明丸治疗后较治疗前视觉功能明显提高。X2 =42 .90 2 2 ,P <0 .0 0 2 ;血液流变学与治疗前比较t=2 .61 75 ,P <0 .5 ;两者差异显著 ;P VEP高、中空间频率比较X2 =5 .0 4 ,P <0 .5潜时比较X2 =4.92 ,P <0 .5 ,P VEP明显改善。结论 :应用宁血益明丸治疗后患者远期疗效稳定。对于增殖型的疗效有待进一步探讨     

灵芝多糖对顺铂致大鼠肾损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的：研究灵芝多糖对顺铂肾毒性的预防作用。方法：♀Wistar大鼠随机分为生理盐水组、顺铂组、灵芝多糖组、灵芝多糖 顺铂组，连续ip给药5d后采样，分别测血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)、肾皮质组织丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性，红细胞SOD活性和血清MDA含量，并观察肾脏形态结构的改变。结果：顺铂组血清Scr、BUN明显升高，红细胞SOD活性降低，血清MDA含量升高；肾皮质组织MDA含量升高，SOD活性降低。灵芝多糖 顺铂组血清Scr、BUN降低，红细胞SOD活性明显降低，血清MDA明显降低，肾皮质组织MDA含量降低，SOD活性升高；酶组化和病理切片显示肾脏结构较顺铂组明显改善。结论：灵芝多糖可减轻顺铂肾毒性，其机制可能与抑制顺铂致血液和肾皮质脂质过氧化反应增强有关。