缺氧条件下缺氧诱导因子-1α抑制剂YC-1对人卵巢癌Skov3干细胞耐药的逆转作用

目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α抑制剂YC-1在缺氧条件下逆转人卵巢癌干细胞Skov3耐药的机制。方法:选用人卵巢癌Skov3细胞通过无血清悬浮培养法富集肿瘤干细胞。分别于常氧及缺氧条件下检测不同浓度顺铂干预Skov3贴壁细胞及干细胞后测定顺铂对于两种细胞的抑制作用,及缺氧后干性指标、耐药指标ABCG2及HIF-1α的表达。当给予HIF-1α抑制剂YC-1后,测定顺铂对Skov3干细胞的抑制作用。并且检测干细胞干性指标、ABCG2及HIF-1α的mRNA表达。结果:悬浮培养的Skov3干细胞的干性指标CD44、NANOG、OCT-4及耐药指标ABCG2较贴壁细胞升高,且缺氧培养后,随着HIF-1α表达的升高,CD44、NANOG、OCT-4及ABCG2的表达也明显升高,P<0.05。干细胞的耐药性高于贴壁细胞,且缺氧培养耐药性增加。当给予YC-1后,干细胞耐药性下调,HIF-1α出现抑制,同时其干性指标CD44、NANOG、OCT-4、耐药ABCG2明显下调,P<0.05。结论:YC-1在缺氧条件下通过抑制HIF-1α下调ABCG2的表达逆转Skov3干细胞耐药。     

IPSS-V/S在TUVP术后下尿路症状评估的临床价值

目的：探讨国际前列腺症状评分的排尿期/储尿期评分比值（international prostatic symptom score-voiding/storage sub－score ratio,IPSS-V/S）在经尿道前列腺汽化电切术（transurethral electrovaporization prostatectomy,TUVP）术后下尿路症状（lower urinary tract symptoms,LUTS）再评估的临床价值。方法：回顾性分析了2015年1月至2016年12月期间234例接受TUVP的良性前列腺增生（benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH）患者的国际前列腺症状评分（international prostatic symptom score,IPSS）等临床资料。按照IPSS-V/S比值将患者分为A组（IPSS-V/S≤1,80例）和B组（IPSS-V/S>1,154例）。术后6个月再次评估IPSS,储尿期症状评分（international prostatic symptom score-storage,IPSS-S）,排尿期症状评分（international prostatic symptom score-voiding,IPSS-V）和生活质量评分（quality of life,QOL）。结果：234例患者术后6个月IPSS和QOL较术前明显降低,差异有统计学意义（t=33.0,P=0.000;t=34.3,P=0.000）。术后6个月B组患者IPSS改善程度明显优于A组[（12.36±3.67）分 vs. （8.20±3.21）分]（t=8.96,P=0.000）。其中A组术后6个月IPSS-S明显高于B组[（9.61±2.88）分 vs. （5.55±2.63）分]（t=10.8,P=0.000）;而2组患者术后6个月时IPSS-V对比无统计学差异（t=1.56,P=0.120）。虽然A组术后6个月的QOL明显改善[（3.59±0.91）分 vs.（5.19±0.55）分]（t=14.8,P=0.000）,但是基本满意及以上者仅占13.75%,明显低于B组的70.78%。A组术后6个月IPSS-S各症状评分均有一定改善,改善程度从高到低依次为尿急评分、尿频评分和夜尿评分,其中夜尿评分改善率最低,仅为36.3%（29/80）,是A组患者IPSS及QOL改善较小的重要原因。结论：相比IPSS,IPSS-V/S更能准确反映TUVP术后疗效,LUTS排尿期症状改善明显优于储尿期症状。对于以夜尿症为主的BPH/LUTS患者,TUVP对患者QOL改善有限,需要引起临床医师重视。     

C57bl/6小鼠OVA哮喘模型的建立与评价

目的：本实验旨在利用无鸡蛋卵清蛋白（ovalbumin,OVA）诱导建立C57bl/6小鼠的哮喘模型,并用地塞米松对该模型小鼠进行治疗,用以评价模型是否建立成功。方法：将36只３代以上脱敏饮食的6周龄雌性C57bl/6小鼠随机分为对照组、哮喘组、地塞米松治疗组。哮喘组小鼠在第0、14天分别腹腔注射0.2 mL致敏液[20 μg OVA,100 μL生理盐水,100 μL Al（OH）3]致敏,在第21~27天用1.5% OVA溶液雾化,对照组小鼠在同样时间给予同剂量的生理盐水,治疗组在第25~27天雾化前0.5 h腹腔注射5 mg/kg地塞米松溶液0.2 mL。于末次雾化后24 h内对每组6只小鼠进行有创肺功能检测气道阻力,其余6只进行支气管肺泡灌洗观察气道炎症情况,HE染色观察肺部病理改变,PAS糖原染色观察气道黏液分泌情况,ELISA检测血清IgE以及肺泡灌洗液中IL-4含量。结果：哮喘组小鼠气道阻力值在激发浓度为25 mg/mL时较对照组（F=26.53０,P=0.000）明显升高,在激发浓度为50 mg/mL时较对照组（F=18.690,P=0.000）明显升高,支气管肺泡灌洗液（bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF）细胞计数细胞总数哮喘组较对照组（F=1.349,P=0.000）和治疗组（F=1.461,P=0.006）有明显增多,嗜酸性粒细胞分类计数哮喘组较对照组（F=7.000,P=0.013）和治疗组相比也有增多,但差异无统计学意义（F=1.000,P=0.056）,肺部病理和气道黏液分泌情况哮喘组与对照组相比均较严重,哮喘组血清中IgE含量与对照组相比有统计学差异（F=15.10,P=0.036）和治疗组相比有所增加,但差异无统计学意义（F=2.680,P=0.083）,哮喘组肺泡灌洗液中IL-4含量均较对照组（F=7.953,P=0.000）和治疗组（F=4.413,P=0.008）明显增加。结论：本实验成功确立了构建C57bl/6小鼠哮喘稳定模型的方法。     

载脂蛋白A5基因-1131T/C多态性与2型糖尿病血脂及其颈动脉内膜中层厚度相关性研究

目的 探讨载脂蛋白A5基因(ApoA5)-1131T/C多态性与成都地区汉族人群2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血脂及其颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)的关系.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)结合聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)技术,分析154例T2DM患者和206例正常对照者ApoA5基因一1131T/C多态性.酶法测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C).颈动脉超声多普勒检查T2DM患者的颈动脉内膜中层厚度.结果 ApoA5基因一1131T/C多态位点T、C等位基因频率在T2DM组和正常对照组分别为0.721、0.279和0.760、0.240.基因型频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律.ApoA5基因-1131T/C位点基因型频率和T、C等位基因频率在T2DM组和正常对照组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).CC纯合子患T2DM风险是TT纯合子的2.432倍(95%CI:1.081～5.473).T2DM组ApoA5基因一1131T/C位点C等位基因携带者(TC)基因型和CC基因型的血清TG水平和TG/HDL-C比值均高于竹基因型携带者(P<0.05).正常对照组TC基因型携带者的血清TG水平和TG/HDL-C比值较TT基因型携带者升高(P<0.05).T2DM组颈动脉IMT ApoA5基因-1131T/C位点CC基因型亚组较TT基因型亚组有增加趋势(P=0.08).结论 ApoA5基因-1131T/C多态性与T2DM的发生无相关性,但CC基因型患T2DM的风险增加.ApDA5基因-1131T/C多态性与正常对照及T2DM患者的血清TG水平和TG/HDL-C比值增高有关,但与T2DM患者颈动脉IMT的相关性需进一步研究.     

Overexpression of transmembrane protein 102 implicates poor prognosis and chemoresistance in epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients

Most ovarian cancer patients experience disease recurrence and chemotherapeutic resistance, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Identifying relevant pathways could reveal new therapeutic targets. Here we examined expression of transmembrane protein 102 (TMEM102), a biomarker of prognosis and chemoresistance, in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and assessed its role in inhibiting tumor cell apoptosis. We performed qRT-PCR to investigate the association of TMEM102 expression with clinical outcomes in 226 EOC patients. We also conducted in vitro studies to explore possible mechanisms through which TMEM102 may influence chemoresistance, including the effects of downregulating TMEM102 expression with small interfering RNA. Serous and high-grade carcinomas expressed significantly higher TMEM102 than normal ovarian tissues. TMEM102 was also overexpressed in patients with advanced-stage disease and chemoresistance. Reduction of TMEM102 expression by small interfering RNA induced ovarian cancer cell apoptosis after cytotoxic treatment. TMEM102 overexpression enhanced chemoresistance via upregulation of heat shock proteins 27, 60, and 70; and survivin, resulting in decreased cytochrome c in the mitochondria and decreased caspase 9 expression. Our results indicate that TMEM102 overexpression may promote chemoresistance via inhibition of a mitochondria-associated apoptotic pathway.     

Improving the prognostic ability of PET/CT SUVmax to identify follicular lymphoma with early treatment failure

Follicular lymphoma (FL) has a high degree of heterogeneity both clinically and molecularly. Early treatment failure (ETF), progression or relapse within 24 months of frontline immunochemotherapy is associated with a poor prognosis in FL. However, the clinical utility of ETF at diagnosis is limited. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) is a metabolic parameter for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT); nevertheless, the relationship between SUVmax and ETF remains unclear. Thus, identifying early biomarkers that incorporate SUVmax and other clinical correlative variables could be helpful in identifying patients at high risk of ETF. A nomogram consisted of three independent variables, including SUVmax ≥ 12, beta-2 microglobulin > 3 mg/L, and Ki67 > 40%, was established to predict ETF in 127 patients with grade 1, 2, or 3a FL from the First Hospital of Jilin University (training cohort) and was validated using data from the Duke University Medical Center (validation cohort, n=95). The nomogram demonstrated prognostic accuracy in predicting ETF (sensitivity 70.8% and specificity 83.5% in the training cohort; sensitivity 84.2% and specificity 68.4% in the validation cohort). The patients were stratified into three groups: low-, intermediate-, and high-risk. In the training cohort, the corresponding 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 81.7%, 73.4%, and 34.9%, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 97.4%, 87.4%, and 62.3%, respectively. In the validation cohort, the 5-year PFS rates were 77.7%, 52.9%, and 34.8%, and the 5-year OS rates were 96.4%, 94.1%, and 73.7%, respectively. This was the first study to use a nomogram with SUVmax to predict ETF in FL to identify a subset of patients who might benefit from individualized targeted therapy.     

婴幼儿先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄经口内镜下幽门肌切开术的围术期护理

总结4例经口内镜下幽门肌切开术治疗婴幼儿先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄的围术期护理经验.护理重点包括术前完善各项检查,术中密切监护患儿、及时识别并发症、注意无菌操作,术后做好常规护理、并发症的观察、管路及饮食护理、出院宣教.4例患儿平均住院(14.25±9.14)d,留置胃管(13.75±4.79)d,留置空肠营养管(16.75...     

Performance comparison of two nucleic acid amplification systems for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection: A multi‐center study

BackgroundMany rapid nucleic acid testing systems have emerged to halt the development and spread of COVID‐19. However, so far relatively few studies have compared the diagnostic performance between these testing systems and conventional detection systems. Here, we performed a retrospective analysis to evaluate the clinical detection performance between SARS‐CoV‐2 rapid and conventional nucleic acid detection system.MethodsClinical detection results of 63,352 oropharyngeal swabs by both systems were finally enrolled in this analysis. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), and positive and negative predictive value (PPV, NPV) of both systems were calculated to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy. Concordance between these two systems were assessed by overall, positive, negative percent agreement (OPA, PPA, NPA) and κ value. Sensitivity of SARS‐CoV‐2 rapid nucleic acid detection system (Daan Gene) was further analyzed with respect to the viral load of clinical specimens.ResultsSensitivity of Daan Gene was slightly lower than that of conventional detection system (0.86 vs. 0.979), but their specificity was equivalent. Daan Gene had ≥98.0% PPV and NPV for SARS‐CoV‐2. Moreover, Daan Gene demonstrated an excellent test agreement with conventional detection system (κ = 0.893, p = 0.000). Daan Gene was 99.31% sensitivity for specimens with high viral load (C _t < 35) and 50% for low viral load (C _t ≥ 35).ConclusionsWhile showing an analytical sensitivity slightly below than that of conventional detection system, rapid nucleic acid detection system may be a diagnostic alternative to rapidly identify SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected individuals with high viral loads and a powerful complement to current detection methods.     

高效液相色谱波长切换法同时测定参芪益气口服液中3种成分含量

目的:建立HPLC波长切换法同时测定参芪益气口服液中绿原酸、阿魏酸、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷含量的方法。方法:采用反相高效液相法,色谱柱为Agilent HC-C18(250 nm×4.6 nm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 ml/min,采用波长转换法,绿原酸、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷检测波...     

高效液相色谱法测定通络祛痛膏中胡椒碱含量

目的 采用高效液相色谱法测定通络祛痛膏中胡椒碱的含量.方法 采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(40∶60),流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为343 nm.结果 胡椒碱质量浓度在0.05 ～5μg(r=1.000 0)范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,平均回收率为98.38％,RSD=1.04％(n=9).结论 所用方法简便、准确,可用于测定通络祛痛膏中胡椒碱的含量.