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941.
Effects of Clodronate on Cortical and Trabecular Bone in Ovariectomized Rats on a Low Calcium Diet 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
T. S. Kaastad O. Reikerås J. E. Madsen S. Narum J. H. Strømme K. J. Obrant L. Nordsletten 《Calcified tissue international》1997,61(2):158-164
The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of a low calcium diet to the cortical and trabecular osteoporosis
seen in ovariectomized rats after 7 weeks on a low calcium diet and to investigate the effects of the bisphosphonate clodronate
on this development of osteoporosis. Thirty-six mature, female Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: Ovx−B (bisphosphonate)
and Ovx−C (control) were ovariectomized, and Sham−Ca (low calcium) and Sham+Ca (normal calcium) were sham operated. The first
three groups were fed a low calcium diet (0.01%) and Sham+Ca normal rat chow (Ca 1.1%). The Ovx−B received 10 mg/kg s.c. clodronate
daily for nine weeks, and Ovx−C, Sham−Ca, and Sham+Ca received the same volumes of saline. Bone mineral turnover measured
as 85Sr-uptake was increased in all low calcium groups compared to Sham+Ca. The Sham+Ca femora had higher dry weight and ash weight
than the other groups, and Ovx−C had higher dry weight compared with Ovx−B and Sham−Ca. Calcium content was lower in both
Ovx groups compared to both Sham groups. Magnesium was lower in all groups compared to Sham+Ca and higher in Ovx−B compared
with Ovx−C. In the femoral shaft, Sham+Ca had significantly higher ultimate bending moment, energy absorption, and deflection
compared to the other three groups. Ultimate bending moment was higher in Sham−Ca than in Ovx−C. Stiffness was increased in
both Sham+Ca and Ovx−B compared to Ovx−C. The maximum stress in the femoral midshaft was higher in Sham+Ca than in the other
groups, and higher in Ovx−B than in Ovx−C. Histomorphometry showed increased medullary area in all low calcium groups compared
to Sham+Ca and larger cortical area in Sham+Ca and Ovx−B compared to Ovx−C. Compared to Sham+Ca the trabecular bone volume
was decreased to 30% in Sham−Ca and to 9% in Ovx−C, but was unchanged in Ovx−B. The low calcium diet generally increased bone
mineral turnover and reduced the tibial bone volume. Femoral changes led to a reduction of cortical fracture strength and
maximal stress. Ovariectomy in addition to a low calcium diet reduced femoral strength even more. Daily injections of clodronate
to ovariectomized rats on a low calcium diet increased femoral shaft stiffness and maximum stress, and clodronate preserved
both trabecular and cortical tibial bone volume completely.
Received: 11 June 1996 / Accepted: 5 March 1997 相似文献
942.
943.
J D Lee K H Shin S N Cho J S Shin M G Lee W I Yang C Y Park H S Yoo J T Lee O D Awh 《European journal of nuclear medicine》1992,19(12):1011-1015
Immunoscintigraphy with radiolabelled monoclonal antibodies is widely used to detect solid tumours, but only a few trials have been carried out concerning the specific in vivo localization of an inflammatory process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the detectability of tuberculous foci utilizing this method with radiolabelled bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-specific F(ab')2 in rabbits. All of the tuberculous lesions (n = 8) were clearly visualized on serial scintigraphy for up to 48 h after injection of the antibody. Immunohistochemical and Ziel-Neelson staining of the tuberculous lesions confirmed the presence of the tuberculous antigens and bacilli. It failed to demonstrate any sustained retention of the BCG-specific antibody fragment in the control group with syphilitic orchitis (n = 2). Therefore, the specific in vivo localization of tuberculosis is feasible by immunoscintigraphy. 相似文献
944.
A 68-year-old woman had pulmonary aspergilloma in the right upper lobe with old cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis. Despite intravenous fluconazole there was no change in the size of the fungus ball. Endobronchial instillation of fluconazole also failed. Subsequently percutaneous instillation of fluconazole was attempted with localized drainage. The fungus ball decreased in size after 8 weeks. Although slight hemoptysis and subcutaneous emphysema occurred in this case, these condition required no treatment. This method of treatment appears to be useful for inoperable cases of pulmonary aspergilloma. 相似文献
945.
946.
We have studied the effect of the aluminum complex of sucrose sulphate (Sucralfate suspension) and the sodium salt of sucrose sulphate (sodium sucrose sulphate solution) on patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Eyes treated with either of these two drugs showed a decrease in painfulness and blurring of vision. On examination the surface area of the corneal lesions, stained with fluorescein, diminished during treatment. As for the difference in effect between the two eyedrops, the solution was better tolerated. 相似文献
947.
E. G. Redchits A. S. Parfenov G. R. Rudenko E. E. Sokolovskii V. O. Guzeva I. E. Semavin 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1992,113(5):656-658
Research Institute of Physicochemical Medicine, Ministry of Health, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences Yu. M. Lopukhin.) Translated from Byulleten Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 5, pp. 488–489, May, 1992. 相似文献
948.
949.
I I Balabolkin L M Karsybekova G B Gershman P L Shcherbakov N N Terekhina V O Bokser V A Reviakina I V Gmoshinski? 《Pediatriia》1991,(1):38-42
Children with food allergy underwent allergologic and gastroenterologic examinations using esophagogastroduodenojejunoscopy. Impairment of the jejunum in the form of jejunitis associated with function abnormality as shown by the loading tests was revealed. It is concluded that the given patients: group should be examined for the morphofunctional status of the upper gastrointestinal tract. 相似文献
950.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic-dynamic modelling of rocuronium in infants and children 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wierda JMKM.; Meretoja O. A.; Taivainen T.; Proost J. H. 《British journal of anaesthesia》1997,78(6):690-695
We have determined the pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic-
pharmacodynamic relationship of rocuronium in infants and children. We
studied infants (n = 5, 0.1-0.8 yr) and children (n = 5, 2.3-8 yr), ASA II,
in the ICU while undergoing artificial ventilation under i.v. anaesthesia
with an arterial cannula in situ and the EMG of the adductor pollicis
muscle was monitored. Rocuronium 0.06 (infants) and 0.09 (children) mg kg-1
min-1 was given i.v. over +/- 5 min until 85% neuromuscular block was
obtained. Arterial blood samples were obtained over 240 min. Plasma
concentrations were measured by HPLC. Pharmacokinetic-dynamic variables
were calculated using the Sheiner model and the Hill equation. Statistical
analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test (P < 0.05). The
mean administered dose was 0.32 (SD 0.08) mg kg-1 and 0.4 (0.1) mg kg-1 for
infants and children, respectively. Infants differed from children in
plasma clearance (4.2 (0.4) vs 6.7 (1.1) ml min-1 kg-1), distribution
volume at steady state (231 (32) vs 165 (44) ml kg-1), mean residence time
(56 (10) vs 26 (9) min), concentration in the effect compartment at 50%
block (1.2 (0.4) vs 1.7 (0.4) mg litre-1) and the slope of the
concentration-effect relationship (5.7 (1.3) vs 3.9 (0.5)). Calculated mean
ED90 values were 0.26 and 0.34 mg kg-1 for infants and children,
respectively. The time course of neuromuscular block after equipotent doses
did not differ.
相似文献