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61.
Sabaie Hani Gharesouran Jalal Asadi Mohammad Reza Farhang Sara Ahangar Noora Karim Brand Serge Arsang-Jang Shahram Dastar Saba Taheri Mohammad Rezazadeh Maryam 《Metabolic brain disease》2022,37(4):1175-1184
Metabolic Brain Disease - Schizophrenia (SCZ) is known as a complicated mental disease with an unknown etiology. The microdeletion of 22q11.2 is the most potent genetic risk factor. Researchers are... 相似文献
62.
Application-specific carbon nanofibers grown from Pt-catalyst layers have been shown to be a promising material for biosensor development. Here we demonstrate immobilization of glutamate oxidase on them and their use for amperometric detection of glutamate at two different potentials. At −0.15 V vs. Ag/AgCl at concentrations higher than 100 μM the oxygen reduction reaction severely interferes with the enzymatic production of H2O2 and consequently affects the detection of glutamate. On the other hand, at 0.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl enzyme saturation starts to affect the measurement above a glutamate concentration of 100 μM. Moreover, we suggest here that glutamate itself might foul Pt surfaces to some degree, which should be taken into account when designing Pt-based sensors operating at high anodic potentials. Finally, the Pt-grown and Ni-grown carbon nanofibers were shown to be biocompatible. However, the cells on Pt-grown carbon nanofibers had different morphology and formation of filopodia compared to those on Ni-grown carbon nanofibers. The effect was expected to be caused rather by the different fiber dimensions between the samples than the catalyst metal itself. Further experiments are required to find the optimal dimensions of CNFs for biological purposes.Pt-grown carbon nanofibers were utilized for the fabrication of glutamate biosensors and in addition their biocompatibility was assessed. 相似文献
63.
Parkash Mandhan Noora Alshahwani Zainab Al-Balushi Anwar Arain 《African Journal of Paediatric Surgery》2015,12(3):203-207
Congenital transmesenteric hernia in neonates is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction with devastating outcomes and still remains a challenge to diagnose pre-operatively. Patients are often managed with emergency surgical exploration and may need bowel resection. We present 2 neonates with small bowel obstruction secondary to strangulated transmesenteric hernia through a congenital defect in the small bowel mesentery, which were managed successfully. We have also reviewed the literature about congenital transmesenteric hernia in neonates.Key words: Congenital mesenteric defect, internal hernia, neonates, small bowel obstruction, transmesenteric hernia 相似文献
64.
Mahmood Moosazadeh Mahdi Afshari Hormoz Keianian Asghar Nezammahalleh Ahmad Ali Enayati 《Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives》2015,6(6):346-356
Objectives
Head lice infestation is one of the most important health problems, generally involving children aged 5–13 years. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of head lice infestation and its associated factors among primary school children using systematic review and meta-analysis methods.Methods
Different national and international databases were searched for selecting the relevant studies using appropriate keywords, Medical Subject Heading terms, and references. Relevant studies with acceptable quality for meta-analysis were selected having excluded duplicate and irrelevant articles, quality assessment, and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. With calculating standard errors according to binomial distribution and also considering the Cochrane''s Q test as well as I-squared index for heterogeneity, pediculosis prevalence rate was estimated using Stata SE V.11 software.Results
Forty studies met the inclusion criteria of this review and entered into the meta-analysis including 200,306 individuals. Using a random effect model, the prevalence (95% confidence interval) of head lice infestation among primary school children was estimated as 1.6% (1.2–2.05), 8.8% (7.6–9.9), and 7.4% (6.6–8.2) for boys, girls, and all the students, respectively. The infestation rate was found to be associated with low educational level of parents, long hair, family size, mother''s job (housewife), father''s job (worker/unemployed), using a common comb, lack of bathrooms in the house, and a low frequency of bathing.Conclusion
This meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of head lice infestation among Iranian primary school children is relatively high with more prevalence among girls. We also found that economic, social, cultural, behavioral, and hygienic factors are associated with this infestation. 相似文献65.
Kirsi Peltonen Noora Ellonen Helmer B. Larsen Karin Helweg-Larsen 《European child & adolescent psychiatry》2010,19(11):813-822
Being the target of parental violent acts decreases child adjustment and increases the likelihood of mental health problems
in childhood and adolescence. Our study analyses how different types of parental violence ranging from verbal threats and
swearing to hitting and kicking a child, are associated with child adjustment, indicated by strengths and difficulties scale
(SDQ) total problem score, internalizing and externalizing problems as well as prosocial behaviour. We also study whether
girls and boys and youths in two Nordic countries respond differently to parental violence. The data consists of a large-scale
community sample of 15–16-year old Finnish (n = 5,762) and Danish (n = 3,943) adolescents. The representative data of continental Finland and its Finnish and Swedish speaking ninth graders as
well as representative data of Danish ninth grade pupils were collected by the Police College of Finland and in Denmark by
the National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark. The results show a clear dose–response effect between
parental violent behaviour and the adolescent’s problems. The more severe forms of parental violence were associated with
higher levels of SDQ total difficulties and internalizing and externalizing symptoms. There was also a connection between
parental violence and the deterioration of prosocial behaviour. The association was gender and nationality specific. The findings
imply a high prevalence of parental violence and adverse mental health among the affected Finnish and Danish adolescents.
Though the laws have been set in motion to prevent the use of parental physical violence the challenges remain in several
domains of child protection, general health care, prevention and intervention. 相似文献
66.
Diagnosis of acute renal allograft rejection by analyzing whole blood mRNA expression of lymphocyte marker molecules 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
BACKGROUND: Currently, the diagnosis of acute rejection after kidney transplantation is based on a kidney biopsy taken after clinical rejection suspicion. A robust, noninvasive diagnostic method would allow easier and more frequent monitoring of the patient and the graft. Potentially, a straightforward method would be the analysis of lymphocyte marker molecule expression from whole blood samples. METHODS: Whole blood samples were collected prospectively in a single kidney transplantation center from 50 adult kidney recipients transplanted between 2001 and 2005. The mRNA expression of granzyme B, perforin, FasL, granulysin, CD154, ICOS, CTLA4 and PD-1 were analyzed with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The expression of ICOS and CD154 were significantly lower in rejection patients than in control patients (P<0.001). Both genes gave statistically significant area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC; 0.87, 0.88) with 84% sensitivity and 100% specificity for CD154 and 76% and 86% for ICOS, respectively. In paired rejection and postrejection therapy samples, the expression of both genes significantly increased during rejection therapy (P<0.001). When rejection patients were compared to patients biopsied because of other reasons of graft dysfunction, both CD154 and ICOS were lower in rejection patients but only CD154 was statistically significant (P=0.028, AUC=0.740, sensitivity 52%, specificity 90%). The other studied genes gave no consistent statistically significant results. CONCLUSIONS: The whole blood gene expression quantities of costimulatory molecules CD154 and ICOS reasonably robustly differentiated rejection patients from control patients. The clinical use of the analysis is limited by poor capability to differentiate patients with rejection from patients with other causes of graft dysfunction. 相似文献
67.
68.
69.
Sensitivity and inter-observer variability for capsule endoscopy image analysis in a cohort of novice readers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chen GC Enayati P Tran T Lee-Henderson M Quan C Dulai G Arnott I Sul J Jutabha R 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2006,12(8):1249-1254
AIM: To determine the performance of novice readers (4th year medical students) for detecting capsule endoscopy findings. METHODS: Ten capsule endoscopy cases of small bowel lesions were administered to the readers. Gold standard findings were pre-defined by gastroenterologists. Ten gold standard "targets" were identified among the 10 cases. Readers were given a 30-min overview of Rapid Reader software and instructed to mark any potential areas of abnormalities. A software program was developed using SAS to analyze the thumbnailed findings. RESULTS: The overall sensitivity for detecting the gold standard findings was 80%. As a group, at least 5 out of 10 readers detected each gold standard finding per recording. All the gold standard targets were identified when the readers' results were combined. Incidental finding/false positive rate ranged between 8.2-59.8 per reader. CONCLUSION: A panel of medical students with minimal endoscopic experience can achieve high sensitivity in detecting lesions on capsule endoscopy. A group of novice readers can pre-screen recordings to thumbnail potential areas of small bowel lesions for further review. These thumbnails must be reviewed to determine the clinical relevance. Further studies are ongoing to assess other cohorts. 相似文献
70.
Salminen M Vahlberg T Sihvonen S Sjösten N Piirtola M Isoaho R Aarnio P Kivelä SL 《Archives of gerontology and geriatrics》2009,48(1):22-27
The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of 12-month risk-based multifactorial fall prevention program on postural control of the aged. Five hundred and ninety-one (97%) eligible subjects were randomized into an intervention group (IG) (n=293) and a control group (CG) (n=298). The effects of the program were measured on standing, dynamic, and functional balance. In standing balance, the velocity moment of semi-tandem standing decreased in IG (median change -0.54 mm(2)/s) but increased in CG (+3.84 mm(2)/s) among all women (p=0.011) and among the women aged 65-74 years (-1.65 mm(2)/s and +2.80 mm(2)/s, correspondingly) (p=0.008). In a dynamic test, performance distance tended to decrease in IG (-26.54 mm) and increase in CG (+34.10mm) among all women (p=0.060). The women aged 75 years or over, showed marginally significant differences between the groups as regards changes in performance time (-2.66 s and -0.90 s) (p=0.068) and distance (-92.32 mm and +76.46 mm) (p=0.062) of the dynamic balance test in favor of IG. Men showed no significant differences in the changes between the groups in any balance measures. 相似文献