Direct Numerical Simulation of Multiple Particles Sedimentation at an Intermediate Reynolds Number

In this work the previously developed Lattice Boltzmann-Direct Forcing/ Fictitious Domain (LB-DF/FD) method is adopted to simulate the sedimentation of eight circular particles under gravity at an intermediate Reynolds number of about 248. The particle clustering and the resulting Drafting-Kissing-Tumbling (DKT) motion which takes place for the first time are explored. The effects of initial particle-particle gap on the DKT motion are found significant. In addition, the trajectories of particles are presented under different initial particle-particle gaps, which display totally three kinds of falling patterns provided that no DKT motion takes place, i.e. the concave-down shape, the shape of letter "M" and "in-line" shape. Furthermore, the lateral and vertical hydrodynamic forces on the particles are investigated. It has been found that the value of Strouhal number for all particles is the same which is about 0.157 when initial particle-particle gap is relatively large. The wall effects on falling patterns and particle expansions are examined in the final.     

Intestinal obstruction due to migration of a thermometer from bladder to abdominal cavity: A case report

Intraperitoneal foreign bodies such as retained surgical instruments can cause intestinal obstruction. However, intestinal obstruction due to transmural migration of foreign bodies has rarely been reported. Here, we report a case of intestinal obstruction due to a clinical thermometer which migrated from the bladder into the abdominal cavity. A 45-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a one-year history of recurrent lower abdominal cramps. Two days before admission, the abdominal cramps aggravated. Intestinal obstruction was confirmed with upright abdominal radiography and computerized tomography scan which showed dilation of the small intestines and a thermometer in the abdominal cavity. Then laparotomy was performed. A scar was observed at the fundus of the bladder and a thermometer was adhering to the small bowels and mesentery which resulted in intestinal obstruction. Abdominal cramps were eliminated and defecation and flatus recovered soon after removal of the thermometer.     

比较2种常用授精法在体外授精-胚胎移植中的差异

背景：体外授精-胚胎移植技术目前广泛应用于人类助孕,助孕成功率稳步上升,卵子体外授精成功率直接影响到最终的助孕结局。 目的：评估微滴法与敞开式授精法这2种常用授精方法在常规体外授精中卵子受精以及胚胎发育方面差异。 方法：募集因非男性因素行体外受精助孕的1 175例患者进行了一项随机研究,对比这2种授精方法的有效性。其中573例患者进行了微滴法授精;另外602例患者进行了敞开式授精。然后比较这两种授精方式对卵子授精及胚胎质量的影响。 结果与结论：微滴法受精失败率[完全不受精率+低受精率(受精卵子<25%)]比敞开式授精要高(11.9%,3.3%,P < 0.001)。然而优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率在两组间差异无显著性意义(P均 > 0.05)。结果表明敞开式授精法是一种相对简单而且授精失败率低的良好授精方法。但受精是过程复杂,内外影响因素众多,需要进行更细致观察,以确认这两种授精方法在体外授精-胚胎移植中的差异。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植;肝移植;移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植;组织工程全文链接：     

瞬时感受电位M8在人类膝关节软骨组织中的表达

背景：瞬时感受电位通道在人体遍布多种组织和细胞,并参与人体几乎所有的生理功能和许多的病理变化。但是到目前为止,瞬时感受电位M8在人类软骨组织中的表达未见报道。 目的：观察瞬时感受电位基因亚家族成员瞬时感受电位M8在人类软骨组织中的表达。 方法：15例膝关节软骨样本来源于严重创伤截肢的患者。每个样本取300 mg软骨组织用于组织总蛋白的提取,再取相同部位的软骨组织做切片。Western blot方法检测瞬时感受电位M8在人类软骨组织中的表达,免疫荧光法检测瞬时感受电位M8在人类软骨组织中的分布。 结果与结论：Western blot结果显示在相对分子质量为130 000时出现特异性的瞬时感受电位M8条带,并应用Westen印迹技术分析了温度敏感性瞬时感受电位M8通道的年龄相关性,发现随着年龄的增加,其表达量呈下降趋势。免疫荧光染色结果显示瞬时感受电位M8蛋白均匀的分布在细胞膜上。提示瞬时感受电位M8在人类软骨组织中有表达,具体表达在软骨细胞膜上。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程全文链接：     

头颈比不同人工髋关节臼杯安置角度的安全范围

背景：由于假体安置角度不当时常导致臼柄撞击而使人工髋关节活动范围受限,不能满足正常的日常生活需要。目前人工全髋关节置换的臼杯安置角度一直存在争议,且对不同头颈比的人工髋关节置换中臼杯安置没有针对性指导。 目的：探讨不同头颈比人工髋关节臼杯安置角度的安全范围。 方法：参照人工髋关节内旋和外旋活动范围计算公式、人工髋关节内收和外展活动范围计算公式、人工髋关节前曲和后伸活动范围计算公式、髋臼外展角和前倾角动态变化的数学表达式,根据Widmer人工髋关节正常活动范围标准得不等式组：①外旋活动范围至少40°,内旋活动范围至少80°。②外展活动范围至少50°,内收活动范围至少50°。③前屈活动至少130°,后伸活动至少40°。解上述3组不等式得出不同头颈比人工髋关节臼杯安置角度安全范围。 结果与结论：不同头颈比的人工髋关节臼杯安置角度的安全范围不同。为满足正常髋关节活动范围人工髋关节头颈比应大于22/12,人工髋关节活动范围随头颈比增大逐渐增大,随头颈比增大臼杯安置外展角和前倾角度安全范围逐渐增大,具体头颈比臼杯外展角安全范围的上下极值随前倾角增大在一定的范围内逐渐增大,且极差亦逐渐增大。外展角安全范围的上极值随前倾角增大逐渐减小,而下极值逐渐增大对称波动于45°上下且逐渐趋向于45°,最大前倾时外展角均为45°。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程全文链接：     

半肩关节置换治疗复杂肱骨近端骨折

背景：半肩或全肩关节置换治疗复杂的肱骨近端骨折,在迅速消除患者疼痛、有效恢复关节功能等方面临床疗效较好。 目的：分析人工半肩关节置换治疗复杂肱骨近端骨折的技术方法及临床疗效。 方法：对12例人工半肩关节置换治疗的复杂肱骨近端骨折患者进行疗效分析。按Neer分型：其中,三部分骨折2例,四部分骨折10例。以X射线观察、Neer评分标准对半肩关节置换后肩关节功能进行临床评估。 结果与结论：12例随访时间平均18个月(6-48个月)。Neer评分：优10例,良1例,可1例,优良率92%。随访期X射线显示内假体位置良好,无关节周围骨折、神经损伤、感染、脱位和松动等并发症。说明人工半肩关节置换是治疗复杂肱骨近端骨折的有效方法之一。半肩关节置换中须注意肩袖的有效修复和大、小结节的正确重建,结合置换后早期、规范的功能锻炼,可取得满意的临床效果。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程全文链接：     

假病毒中和试验对狂犬病毒中和抗体效价的检测效能分析

目的：组织不同的实验室分析假病毒中和法（Pseudo Virus-based Neutralization Assay,PBNA）对不同样品的狂犬病病毒中和抗体水平的检测能力,并比较其与经典的快速免疫荧光灶抑制试验（Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test,RFFIT）以及小鼠中和试验法（Mouse Neutralization Test,MNT）的相关性。方法：共9家实验室,分别采用PBNA、RFFIT以及MNT法对6份样品进行狂犬病病毒中和抗体检测,每个实验室进行3～5次重复实验。采用配对t检验及Pearson相关系数对3种检测方法的结果进行统计学分析。结果：PBNA与RFFIT、PBNA与MNT、RFFIT与MNT Pearson相关系数分别为0.985、0.988和0.974,抗体几何平均滴度进行t检验,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：3种方法重复检测6份样品的定量结果具有高度的相关性,PBNA法可作为《中华人民共和国药典》方法RFFIT、MNT的一种替代或补充方法,用于人用狂犬病疫苗临床血清、狂犬病人免疫球蛋白及抗狂犬病血...     

Genetic screening for chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletions in Chinese infertile men

Purposes

To investigate the frequency and type of both chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosome microdeletions and analyze their association with defective spermatogenesis in Chinese infertile men.

Methods

This is a single center study. Karyotyping using G-banding and screening for Y chromosome microdeletion by multiplex polymerase chain reactio(PCR)were performed in 200 controls and 1,333 infertile men, including 945 patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and 388 patients with severe oligozoospermia.

Results

Out of 1,333 infertile patients, 154(11.55%) presented chromosomal abnormalities. Of these, 139 of 945 (14.71%) were from the azoospermic and 15 of 388 (3.87%) from the severe oligozoospermic patient groups. The incidence of sex chromosomal abnormalities in men with azoospermia was 11.53% compared with 1.03% in men with severe oligozoospermia (P < 0.01). Also 144 of 1,333(10.80%) patients presented Y chromosome microdeletions. The incidence of azoospermia factor(AZF) microdeletion was 11.75% and 8.51% in patients with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia respectively. Deletion of AZFc was the most common and deletions in AZFa or AZFab or AZFabc were found in azoospermic men. In addition, 34 patients had chromosomal abnormalities among the 144 patients with Y chromosome microdeletions. No chromosomal abnormality and microdeletion in AZF region were detected in controls.

Conclusions

There was a high incidence (19.80%) of chromosomal abnormalities and Y chromosomal microdeletions in Chinese infertile males with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia. These findings strongly suggest that genetic screening should be advised to infertile men before starting assisted reproductive treatments.     

64层螺旋CT三维后处理成像应用于心外结构异常诊断的特点

背景：先天性心脏病心外结构异常的超声诊断受范围限制影像学检查缺乏整体观,而多层螺旋CT检查具有直观、准确显示整体的优势。 目的：探讨64层螺旋CT三维成像评价先天性心脏病心外结构异常图像质量与伪影的影响。 方法：回顾性分析经手术证实的先先天性心脏病患者23例,按5级评分法分析术前心脏CT图像质量,比较CT、超声心动图及手术结果。 结果与结论：①大于6岁年龄组CT图像质量优于小于6岁年龄组,有心电门控模式的图像优于无心电门控模式。②23例心外结构异常共41处,三维螺旋CT、超声心动图及二者联合诊断正确率分别为97.56%,72.97%及100%,组间比较差异有非常显著性意义(P < 0.01),说明螺旋CT诊断范围较超声心动图广,心外血管结构异常诊断准确率高,二者结合效果更好。容积再现成像较多平面成像能更准确显示心外结构异常(P < 0.01);最小密度投影成像仅适用于气管支气管结构异常诊断,表明不同的螺旋CT后三维处理成像技术对不同种类先天性心脏病心外结构异常有不同的应用优势。