脾动脉瘤的临床特征与腔内治疗：附30例报告

背景与目的:脾动脉瘤(SAA)是一类少见、具有潜在致命破裂风险的内脏动脉瘤疾病。SAA的传统手术方式为开腹切除动脉瘤及脾脏。近年来,随着介入技术和材料的发展,SAA的腔内治疗越来越普及。相比于开放手术,腔内治疗具有微创、简便、术后快速康复的优势。本文探讨SAA腔内治疗的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月—2019年12月在中南大学湘雅医院血管外科治疗的30例SAA患者资料,并介绍了我科治疗SAA的3种介入手术方式。结果:患者30例均行腹部CTA明确SAA诊断,其中近脾门型17例,中间型9例,远脾门型4例;囊状动脉瘤19例,梭形动脉瘤11例。30例均采取腔内治疗方法,其中21例行SAA栓塞术,6例行脾动脉支架置入术,3例行脾动脉裸支架置入+栓塞术。患者术后平均住院时间4 d,平均住院费用5万元,术后发生腹痛、呕吐、发热等症状10例,症状均在3 d以内缓解,无后遗症发生。发生穿刺点出血1例,保守治疗好转后出院。住院期间无急性脾梗死发生,没有发生需再次手术的并发症。22例患者术后随访3～6个月,CT复查示动脉瘤完全血栓化,未见造影剂进入;出现无症状局灶性脾梗死5例。结论:介入腔内手术可在保留脾脏的情况下治疗SAA,治疗效果确切,且创伤小,术后恢复快,并发症发生概率低,住院时间短,费用相比开放手术无明显增加。腔内治疗可作为绝大部分SAA的首选治疗,具体手术方式需根据术前CTA显示的SAA形态及位置来决定。     

丙肝相关性肝癌根治术后复发规律及危险因素分析

目的：分析丙肝相关性肝癌（HCV-HCC）根治术后复发规律及相关危险因素,探讨针对复发时相的个体化临床干预。 方法：回顾98例行HCV-HCC根治术的患者临床病理资料,分析患者根治术后复发规律,对复发的可能影响因素进行单因素及多因素分析,并对病毒因素进行分层分析。 结果：全组根治术后有2个复发高峰,以24个月为界分为早、晚期;COX比例风险模型分析显示,肿瘤低分化、镜下微血管侵犯为术后早期复发的独立危险因素（P<0.001）,病毒载量为晚期复发的独立危险因素（P=0.013）;术后病毒载量持续阴性患者无瘤生存期明显长于术后持续高病毒载量或病毒载量不稳定者（P<0.001）。 结论：HCV-HCC根治术后早、晚期复发影响因素不同;早期复发率较高,预防性TACE可改善早期复发高危者预后;术后抗病毒治疗可改善远期疗效。

     

Mindfulness‐based program for stress reduction in infertile women: Randomized controlled trial

Infertile women often experience chronic stress, which may have a negative impact on general well‐being and may increase the burden of infertility. In this open‐label, parallel, randomized controlled trial, infertile women aged 18–50 years (median 37 years) were assigned to an 8‐week mindfulness‐based program (MBP) or no intervention. The primary outcome was stress severity measured by the Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory (ISSL). Data were analyzed by modified intent‐to‐treat principle, which included all cases available to follow‐up regardless of adherence to the intervention (62 participants from the MBP group and 37 from the control group). The median number of symptoms of chronic stress recorded in the past month decreased from six (interquartile range 2 to 9) before the MBP to two (interquartile range 1 to 4) after the intervention (p < 0.001, repeated measures analysis of variance with Time × Group interaction). Depressive symptoms also decreased after MBP, whereas general well‐being improved (p < 0.01 for both outcomes). Hair cortisol and serum brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) did not change significantly between preintervention and postintervention. None of the outcomes changed significantly in the control group. MBP was effective in reducing stress and depressive symptoms while increasing general well‐being in infertile women.     

Prospective study of the “ Inside-Out” arthroscopic ankle ligament technique: Preliminary result

Background

Lateral ankle ligament injury is among the most common orthopedic injuries. The objective of this study is to present the preliminary prospective results of treatment using the “Inside-Out” variant of the fully arthroscopic Broström–Gould technique.

Molecular characterization of CTX‐M‐15‐producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli reveals the spread of multidrug‐resistant ST131 (O25:H4) and ST964 (O102:H6) strains in Norway

Nationwide, CTX‐M‐producing clinical Escherichia coli isolates from the Norwegian ESBL study in 2003 (n=45) were characterized on strain and plasmid levels. Bla_CTX‐M allele typing, characterization of the genetic environment, phylogenetic groups, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), serotyping and multilocus sequence typing were performed. Plasmid analysis included S1‐nuclease‐PFGE, polymerase chain reaction‐based replicon typing, plasmid transfer and multidrug resistance profiling. Bla_CTX‐M‐15 (n=23; 51%) and bla_CTX‐M‐14 (n=11; 24%) were the major alleles of which 18 (78%) and 6 (55%), respectively, were linked to ISEcp1. Thirty‐two isolates were of phylogenetic groups B2 and D. Isolates were of 29 different XbaI‐PFGE‐types including six regional clusters. Twenty‐three different O:H serotypes were found, dominated by O25:H4 (n=9, 20%) and O102:H6 (n=9, 20%). Nineteen different STs were identified, where ST131 (n=9, 20%) and ST964 (n=7, 16%) were dominant. Bla_CTX‐M was found on ≥100 kb plasmids (39/45) of 10 different replicons dominated by IncFII (n=39, 87%), FIB (n=20, 44%) and FIA (n=19, 42%). Thirty‐nine isolates (87%) displayed co‐resistance to other classes of antibiotics. A transferable CTX‐M phenotype was observed in 9/14 isolates. This study reveals that the majority of CTX‐M‐15‐expressing strains in Norway are part of the global spread of multidrug‐resistant ST131 and ST‐complex 405, associated with ISEcp1 on transferrable IncFII plasmids.     

Bone marrow imaging: magnetic resonance studies related to age and sex

Measurements of T1 and T2 relaxation values and spin density of the lumbar vertebral bone marrow were performed in 212 patients, and the results were correlated with the patients' age and sex. T1 and T2 relaxation times for bone marrow in the lumbar vertebral bodies showed a progressive decrease with age for both sexes (except for the T2 relaxation values in female patients). The replacement of hematopoietic marrow by fatty marrow could explain the decrease in T1 and T2. The T1 and T2 values were in the same range for the first two age groups (age 1-10 years and age 21-40 years) and became slightly greater for the older female patients (age 51 years and older) than for the older males. This could be due to the loss of bone and mineral content, which is more rapid and significant for women. These normal T1 and T2 values may provide a baseline for future evaluation of diseases involving the lumbar spine.     

Impact of comorbid migraine on the clinical course of bipolar disorder

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests an association between migraine and bipolar disorder (BD), although the impact of this association in the clinical course of BD is relatively unknown.ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare 2 groups of individuals with BD (with vs without comorbid migraine) and evaluate differences in severity of clinical course.MethodsThree hundred thirty-nine adults with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition–defined bipolar I or II disorder were enrolled and divided into 2 groups: with and without comorbid migraine. Demographic and clinical data were obtained using standardized interviews.ResultsPatients with comorbid migraines had more mood episodes, especially those with depressive polarity. In addition, comorbid migraine was associated with a higher prevalence of psychiatric and general medical comorbidities. Differences between the 2 groups in number of lifetime hospitalizations for depression/mania, rates of rapid cycling, and history of suicide attempts were not observed after Bonferroni correction.ConclusionsComorbid migraine seems to be associated with poor outcomes in BD. Additional studies should be conducted to investigate shared vulnerabilities and pathophysiologic mechanisms as well as treatment optimization of both illnesses.     

右美托咪定诱导睡眠平衡术对慢性顽固性原发性失眠症患者的疗效观察

目的:探讨右美托咪定诱导睡眠平衡术(DISBT)对慢性顽固性原发性失眠症患者的临床疗效。方法:将42例慢性顽固性原发性失眠症患者随机分为DISBT组(21例)给予DISBT治疗和对照组(21例)给予常规治疗。DISBT治疗时间为3 d,共行3次治疗。于治疗前、治疗后1周分别对两组进行匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、过度觉醒量表和汉密尔顿焦虑量表评估,并检测治疗前后睡眠结构和脑电频谱差异。结果:①两组治疗后匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、汉密尔顿焦虑量表分值均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);降低程度DISBT组>对照组(P<0.05)。②DISBT组睡眠结构中2期睡眠比例、脑电频谱β、γ频段相对功率值较治疗前减少(P<0.05),对照组则较冶疗前上升(P<0.05);DISBT组冶疗后3期睡眠比例及6频段相对功率值较治疗前上升(P<0.05);对照组则较治疗前下降(P<0.05)。③两组治疗后,过度觉醒量表总分较治疗前下降(P<0.05),降低程度DISBT组>对照组(P<0.05);对照组过度觉醒量表中极限数个数总和、反应因子及自省因子评分与治疗前相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),DISBT组则均较治疗前下降(P<0.05)。结论:右美托咪定诱导DISBT能有效降低失眠患者的脑皮质过度觉醒水平,纠正紊乱的睡眠-觉醒通路,改善患者失眠症状,是治疗慢性顽固性原发性失眠症的有效方法。     

ATP损耗是MPP^＋引起α-synuclein转基因线虫多巴胺能神经元死亡和虫体死亡的主要原因

目的揭示环境神经毒素MPP~ 对线虫的毒性影响并探讨其毒性机理。方法以人源α-synuclein转基因线虫作为动物模型,用MPP~ 处理该线虫,观察MPP~ 对线虫多巴胺能神经元和其生存能力的影响。通过供给OP50以提高线虫体内ATP的水平,对比分析ATP水平、蛋白质异常沉积等重要指标,探讨二者在MPP~ 引起的转基因线虫的病变中所起的作用。结果MPP~ 能够引起线虫多巴胺能神经元和线虫虫体的死亡;尽管进食OP50也会引起α-synuclein的沉积,但进食OP50能够提高体内ATP的水平并缓解MPP~ 的毒性。虽无直接证据证明α-synuclein沉积对神经细胞的影响,但结果提示,在该转基因线虫中,与蛋白质的异常沉积相比,MPP~ 导致的ATP损耗是其毒性作用的最主要诱因。结论MPP~ 可以引起α-synuclein转基因线虫多巴胺能神经元的死亡和虫体的死亡,其毒性的主要原因是ATP损耗而不是α-synuclein的异常聚集(沉积)。