Abnormal topological organization in systemic lupus erythematosus: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis

Brain Imaging and Behavior - Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory approaches to investigate the topological characteristics of functional networks and their...     

Label-free and noninvasive method for assessing the metabolic status in type 2 diabetic rats with myocardium diastolic dysfunction

This study assesses the metabolic status of rat diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) models. Echocardiography is used to detect the diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats, and a lower threshold for inducible atrial fibrillation is found in type 2 diabetic rats with diastolic dysfunction compared to the control. Metabolic abnormalities are detected by status changes of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H), which is an essential coenzyme in cells or tissues. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is used to monitor changes in NAD(P)H in both myocardial tissues and blood. FLIM reveals that the protein-bound proportion of NAD(P)H in rat myocardium in the DCM group is smaller than the control group, which indicates the oxidative phosphorylation rate of the DCM group decreased. Similar results are found for blood plasma of DCM rats by the FLIM study. FLIM exhibits high potential for screening DCM as a label-free, sensitive, and noninvasive method.     

26例弃婴的救治管理

目的：探讨医院对收治弃婴的救治及护理管理工作。方法收集中山大学附属第一医院急诊科2010年1月—2013年8月收治26例弃婴的临床资料,回顾分析弃婴病例特点、实施救治措施和护理方法经验。结果26例弃婴中男10例,女16例,均患有严重基础疾病;24例在院内发现（92.31％）;8例有先天残疾（30．75％）。全部病例进入弃婴救护流程,2例死亡,24例情况稳定后顺利转至福利院。结论26例弃婴均患有严重先天性疾病、残疾等,以女婴为主。制定系统规范的弃婴救护流程是急诊科救治弃婴成功的关键。医院领导的高度重视,医护人员富有同情心和高度负责、医护之间的密切配合,可使弃婴的救治工作顺利实施。     

心脏手术婴幼儿气管插管的护理

笔总结366例婴幼儿体外循环心脏手术气管插管的护理。提出做好以下几点：胶布固定气管插管、对躁动明显加用约束带固定,遵医嘱应用地西泮、阿端等镇静剂、肌松剂;适宜的气道湿化与温化;吸痰前后予简易呼吸囊膨肺给氧;密切监测呼吸功能,病情稳定给予翻身拍背;严格遵守各项操作规程：有效防止了意外情况发生,减少了术后并发症。     

High prevalence of depression and sleep–wake disorders among female emergency medicine residents in South Korea

BackgroundDepression and sleep–wake disorders are recognized as one of the major problems among emergency physicians. While depression is more common in females than in males, the associated factors linking depression and sleep–wake disorders in emergency physicians, particularly females, remain unknown.ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence of depression and sleep–wake problems among emergency medicine (EM) residents in South Korea and to identify the gender differences and situations that adversely predispose female residents to mental health problems.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis using the data collected from the 2019 National EM Residents Wellness Survey targeting all of 630 EM residents in South Korea. The survey included variables potentially influencing depression and sleep–wake problems, such as personal characteristics, work-related stress, and extrinsic environment. Information regarding medical conditions, depression, job stress, and sleep deprivation was obtained using the self-administered Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Apgar Wellness Score (AWS), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). We analyzed the data using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 and MedCalc version 17.ResultsA total of 384 residents participated in the survey. Overall, 27.5% of the EM residents met the criteria for at least moderate depression and 36.9% of the EM residents had sleep-related problems. We found that difficulty in trading the shift schedule and frequent night shifts was associated with depression (p = .001, p = .005; respectively). Female residents demonstrated an increased risk of depression and sleepiness compared to their male counterparts (odds ratio [OR] 1.95, OR 1.81; respectively). In addition, logistic regression analysis revealed significant differences by gender in depression with regards to flexibility of trading shifts (p = .005), level of training in the emergency medical centre (p = .035), and frequent night shifts (p = .010).ConclusionsApproximately, one-third of EM residents report depression and sleep–wake problems, with female residents showing a higher risk than male residents. Several risk factors were identified, and future strategies should be aimed to address these issues to improve the training environment and overall wellbeing of EM residents.

KEY MESSAGES

• The prevalence of depression and sleep-related problems were, respectively, 1.95 and 1.81 times higher in female residents compared to their male colleagues.
• The associated risk factors for depression were flexibility of shift trade, level of training in the emergency medical centre, and frequency of night shifts.
• Improving the training environment and facilities, as well as offering more flexible duty trading options can provide potential opportunities to reduce the risk.

     

Effects of the hook of Uncaria rhynchophylla on neurotoxicity in the 6-hydroxydopamine model of Parkinson's disease

Ethnopharmacological relevance

While the hook of Uncaria rhynchophylla (URH) is a traditional herb used in northeast Asia for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD)-like symptoms such as tremor, it has not been experimentally evaluated in a PD model.

Aim of the study

We investigated the effects of URH on 6-hydroxydapamine (6-OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity in in vitro and in vivo models of PD.

Materials and methods

The cell viability, anti-oxidative activity, and anti-apoptotic activity of a water extract of URH (URE) were assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, reactive oxygen species (ROS), total glutathione (GSH), and caspase-3 assays in PC12 cells stressed by 6-OHDA. We also investigated the behavioral recovery and dopaminergic neuron protection of URE using an apomorphine-induced rotation test and tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry in the hemi-parkinsonian rat model of the unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the medial forebrain bundle.

Results

In PC12 cells, URE significantly reduced cell death and the generation of ROS, increased GSH levels, and inhibited caspase-3 activity induced by 6-OHDA. In 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, posttreatment with URE (5 mg/kg/day for 14 days) significantly reduced apomorphine-induced rotation, and it lowered dopaminergic neuronal loss in substantia nigra pars compacta.

Conclusions

URE possesses neuroprotective activity against 6-OHDA-induced toxicity through anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic activities in PD models.     

Anthrone and oxanthrone C-glycosides from Picramnia latifolia collected in Peru

Cytotoxicity-based, bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform-soluble extracts of both the roots and leaves of Picramnia latifolia led to the isolation of two new anthrone C-glycosides, picramniosides G (1) and H (2), two new oxanthrone C-glycosides, mayosides D (3) and E (4), and a new benzanthrone natural product, 6,8-dihydroxy-10-methyl-7H-benz[de]anthracen-7-one (5), together with 10 known compounds, 6,8-dihydroxy-4-methyl-7H-benz[de]anthracen-7-one (6), nataloe-emodin (7), chrysophanein, chrysophanol, 1,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methylanthraquinone, pulmatin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin, beta-sitosterol, and beta-sitosterol glucoside. The structures of 1-5 were established by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS, and CD data interpretation. The cytotoxic activity of all isolates was evaluated in a small panel of human cancer cell lines. Compound 7 exhibited significant in vitro cytotoxic activity in the tested cell lines, but no significant activity was observed with an in vivo hollow fiber model at doses of 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg/injection.     

2008-2011年东兴区乡镇饮用水检测结果分析

目的:了解东兴区乡镇生活饮用水卫生,为提高饮用水卫生管理提供科学依据。方法:对2008-2011年东兴区乡镇集中供水枯水期、丰水期的出厂水和末梢水水质检测资料进行统计、分析和评价。结果:4年共检测样品320件,合格率为45.3%。其中枯水期供水水样160件,合格率为40.6%;丰水期供水水样160件,合格率为50.0%。经统计学处理,枯水期和丰水期合格率无显著差异(0.05相似文献