Research trends of prostatitis over past 20 years: A bibliometric analysis

In the past two decades, thousands of documents in the field of prostatitis have been published. This bibliometric analysis aimed to assess the characteristics, hotspots and frontiers trend of global scientific output on prostatitis. With the trend of moderate growth, altogether 2,423 papers were reviewed. The leading role of the United States in global prostatitis research was obvious, while China had developed rapidly in recent years. Queen's University and JOURNAL OF UROLOGY were the most prolific affiliation and journal respectively. Nickel, J. C made the greatest contribution to the field of prostatitis. Five hotspots have been confirmed: (a) male infertility associated with prostatitis and the molecular mechanisms; (b) diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis; (c) inflammation, pain and bladder irritation symptoms; (d) relationship between chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer; (e) epidemiology, complications of prostatitis and improvement of acupuncture. This bibliometric analysis reveals that the international cooperation was becoming more and more close. Hotspot analysis shows that the molecular mechanism of prostatitis will be a hotspot in the future, mainly focussing on inflammatory immunity and oxidative stress.     

Has Removal From the Inpatient-Only List Increased Complications After Outpatient Total Knee Arthroplasty?

BackgroundOn 1/1/2018, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services removed total knee arthroplasty (TKA) from the Inpatient-Only (IPO) list. This change allowed expansion of outpatient TKA, potentially to include older, more frail patients at greater risk for perioperative complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of removing TKA from the IPO list on early complications.MethodsPatients undergoing TKA in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database were identified using CPT code 27447. Only cases with length of stay of zero days were included. Rates of 30-day complications, readmissions, and reoperation were compared before and after TKA was removed from the IPO list (2015-2017 vs 2018). The analysis was performed both with and without propensity score matching.Results212,313 patients underwent TKA during the study period. 2466 (1.5%) were outpatient TKA in 2015-2017 and 3189 (5.6%) in 2018. After propensity matching, there were 2458 patients in each cohort. Rates of total 30-day complications were significantly lower in 2018 (3.7%) than the years TKA remained on the IPO (4.5%, P = .04). Similarly, rates of any reoperation decreased from 1.2% during 2015-2017 to 0.6% in 2018 (P = .03). There were no significant changes in rates of readmission (2.5% vs 2.2%, P = .5) or wound complications (0.8% vs 0.8%, P = 1.0).ConclusionRemoval of TKA from the IPO list did not result in an increase in complications or readmissions. These data suggest, despite the regulatory change, surgeons have continued to exercise sound judgment as to what patients can safely undergo outpatient TKA.     

The anterior versus posterior approach for the treatment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety between anterior and posterior approach, and determine the best surgical methods for the treatment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the cervical spine.Methods: We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang Med Data databases from January 2007 to March 2018. Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, cervical lordosis, functional recovery rates, excellent and good outcomes of the surgical approaches, and complication and reoperation rates were analyzed. RevMan 5.3 was utilized for data analysis.Results: Eleven studies were included in the meta-analysis. By comparing the anterior and posterior approaches for the treatment of OPLL in the cervical spine, statistically significant differences were found in the preoperative initial JOA, the postoperative final JOA scores, functional recovery rates, complication rates, excellent and good outcomes of the surgical approaches and reoperation rates. However, no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of the preoperative and postoperative cervical lordosis was noted.Conclusion: The anterior approach is superior to the posterior approach in terms of the postoperative final JOA score, functional recovery rate, and clinical outcomes. Although the complication and reoperation rates of the anterior approach are higher than those of the posterior approach. We recommend the anterior approach for the treatment of OPLL when patients with occupying ratio ≥ 60%. In addition, high-quality studies with long-term follow-up and large sample size are also needed.     

腹腔镜右半结肠癌切除术后消化道重建的研究现状及前景

腹腔镜右半结肠癌切除术后腹腔内吻合正逐渐成为结直肠手术领域中的热点。研究者发现:腹腔内吻合与腹腔外吻合比较,前者在促进病人术后恢复,降低术后并发症发生率等方面有潜在优势。且腹腔内吻合较腹腔外吻合病人术后胃肠功能恢复更快、术后疼痛评分更低。但对于腹腔内吻合的并发症发生率,尤其是重要指标吻合口漏的比较,尚缺乏足够证据。而手术技术不统一、吻合口漏定义不明确是目前研究的主要困难。多项高质量的前瞻性随机对照试验目前正在进行中,对于腹腔镜右半结肠癌切除术的客观评价仍需要更高级别的循证医学证据验证。笔者综合分析国内外研究进展,系统阐述腹腔镜右半结肠癌切除术后消化道重建的研究现状及前景,旨在为我国结直肠外科临床研究探索新方向。     

Chronic Effects of Bromate on Sexual Reproduction of Freshwater Rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus

The effects of potassium bromate (KBrO₃), sodium bromate (NaBrO₃), and potassium bromide (KBr) on the sexual reproduction of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus were studied by 2-d population growth, 4-d sexual reproduction, and 7-d resting egg production tests. The results showed that low concentrations of bromate promote 2-d and 4-d rotifer population growth, while high concentrations limit it. Bromate stress significantly affected parameters of rotifer sexual reproduction, including the ratio of mictic to amictic females, the mictic rate of rotifers, and the fertilization rate of mictic females. KBrO₃ at 0.001, 0.01, 1, and 10 mg/L, NaBrO₃ at 1 and 10 mg/L, and KBr at 100 and 200 mg/L significantly increased resting egg production, while KBrO₃ at 100 and 200 mg/L, and NaBrO₃ at 200 mg/L significantly decreased it. Resting egg production appears to provide a sensitive endpoint in evaluating the effect of bromate on rotifer sexual reproduction.

     

An Environmental Dilemma for China During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Explosion of Disposable Plastic Wastes

Plastic pollution control has been on top of the political agenda in China. In January 2020, China announced a phased ban on the production and usage of various types of single-use plastics as a solution to environmental pollution problems. However, the outbreak of COVID-19 seems to be a new obstacle to the ban on single-use plastic products. To basically satisfied the daily necessities and contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 under the background of the regular epidemic prevention and control in China, online ordering, contactless delivery and wearing mask have become an important and feasible way of daily life. However, the unrestrained use of disposable plastic bags, lunch boxes and masks within the nationwide quarantine leads to hundreds of millions of plastics wastes every day. The potential environmental pollution caused by the use of disposable plastic products during the pandemic should arouse social concern. The Chinese government should manage environmental protection in parallel with anti-pandemic endeavors as the situation of the pandemic evolves.

     

我国40岁及以上吸烟人群烟草依赖严重程度及其影响因素分析

目的 了解我国≥40岁吸烟人群烟草依赖情况及其影响因素,为我国广泛开展戒烟干预提供科学数据。方法 本研究数据来源于2014-2015年中国居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病监测,覆盖31个省（自治区、直辖市）的125个监测点,以面对面询问调查的方式收集≥40岁居民吸烟和烟草依赖的相关变量。应用复杂抽样加权估计我国≥40岁现在吸烟和现在每日吸烟人群烟草依赖率及其95%CI并分析其影响因素。结果 纳入分析现在吸烟者22 380人,现在每日吸烟者19 999人。≥40岁现在吸烟人群的重度烟草依赖率为31.1%（29.3%~32.9%）,其中男性为32.0%（30.2%~33.9%）,高于女性17.6%（13.4%~21.7%）;乡村为32.7%（30.2%~35.2%）,高于城镇;40~59岁年龄组重度烟草依赖率较高,为33.3%（31.3%~35.2%）。≥40岁现在每日吸烟人群的重度烟草依赖率为35.0%（33.0%~37.0%）,男性为35.8%（33.8%~37.8%）,女性为22.0%（16.8%~27.2%）。在现在吸烟人群和每日吸烟人群中,文化程度越低,重度烟草依赖率越高;18岁以前开始吸烟者重度烟草依赖率明显高于18岁及以后开始吸烟者;有慢性呼吸道症状者的重度烟草依赖率明显高于无症状吸烟者;慢性呼吸系统疾病患者和非患者的重度烟草依赖率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;患有糖尿病、心脑血管疾病和高血压的吸烟者的重度烟草依赖率略低于非患者（P<0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、中部和东部地区、40~59岁年龄组、从事农林牧渔水利、生产运输和商业服务职业、文化程度低、18岁以前开始吸烟者患重度烟草依赖的风险高。结论 我国≥40岁吸烟人群的重度烟草依赖水平较高,戒烟干预服务客观需求巨大,应采取有效措施推动我国戒烟干预工作的开展。     

妊娠期甲减患者孕晚期鸢尾素水平与机体代谢指标及母婴妊娠结局的相关性分析

目的 分析妊娠期甲减患者孕晚期体内血清鸢尾素水平与机体代谢指标及母婴不良妊娠结局之间的关系。方法 研究纳入2017年5月—2018年12月共120例孕晚期甲减患者,将其分为高鸢尾素组（60例）与低鸢尾素组（60例）,同时选取100例同孕期甲状腺功能正常的孕妇作为对照。记录相关血液代谢指标和妊娠结局及胎儿或新生儿相关并发症。结果 高鸢尾素妊娠期甲减患者体重指数大于低鸢尾素组（P＜0.05）;促甲状腺激素（TSH）、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPO - Ab）高于低鸢尾素组（P＜0.05）;游离甲状腺素（FT4）低于低鸢尾素组（P＜0.05）;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL - C)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)高于低鸢尾素组（P＜0.05）;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL - C)低于低鸢尾素组（P＜0.05）。妊娠期甲减患者血清鸢尾素水平与TSH正相关（r = 0.329,P＜0.05）,而与FT4负相关（r = - 0.286,P＜0.05）。高鸢尾素妊娠期甲减患者产后出血发生率高于低鸢尾素组（P＜0.05）。同样,新生儿低体重、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的发生率也高于低鸢尾素组（P＜0.05）。结论 血清鸢尾素水平可反映妊娠期甲减患者病情严重程度。母婴妊娠相关并发症发生率在高鸢尾素妊娠甲减患者中较高。     

刺五加对肺纤维化BALF中IL－6抑制作用的研究

在用石棉灌肺制成大鼠支气管肺纤维化模型基础上，应用刺五加注射液进行体内实验治疗。测定了治疗及非治疗组大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液中单个核细胞自分泌白细胞介素６（ＩＬ－６）水平，经统计学处理两组差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。说明了刺五加对ＩＬ－６的分泌有抑制作用。可能对细胞因子网络紊乱有调节作用，为临床应用刺五加治疗肺纤维化提供了实验依据。     

原发性肝癌患者手术前后血清SICAM-1、VEGF水平检测的临床意义

目的:分析了31例原发性肝癌患者手术前后血清SICAM-1、VEGF水平的变化。方法:采用双抗 体夹心法测定了31例原发性肝癌患者手术前后血清SICAM-1、VEGF含量,并与35名正常人作比较。结果: 手术前血清SICAM-1、VEGF水平非常显著地高于正常人组(P<0.01),手术后6个月,复发者SICAM-1、 VEGF水平持续异常,未复发者SICAM-1、VEGF水平恢复正常。结论:观察原发性肝癌患者血清SICAM-1 和VEGF水平的变化与原发性肝癌患者的病情和预后密切相关。