高度近视患者白内障术后视力与椭圆体带完整性的相关性

目的：分析高度近视白内障患者超声乳化联合IOL植入术后视力预后的影响因素,初步探讨椭圆体带完整性与术后视力的相关性。

方法：回顾性病例研究。将临床确诊为高度近视合并白内障患者96例106眼纳入研究。术前检查后所有患者均行白内障超声乳化联合IOL植入术,对比分析术前及术后1wk,1、3、6mo患眼BCVA变化,比较不同BCVA分段手术前后患眼椭圆体带的完整性,同时分析影响患者术后视力的相关影响因素。

结果：术前和术后1wk,1、3、6mo患眼BCVA分别为0.80(0.50, 1.70)、0.51(0.28, 1.30)、0.50(0.09, 0.60)、0.30(0.22, 0.90)、0.30(0.22, 0.70),有差异(P<0.001); 术前和术后6mo不同BCVA分段患眼椭圆体带完整性,均有差异(P<0.001)。多元逐步回归分析显示,术后6mo时BCVA与术前BCVA和椭圆体带完整性具有相关性(P<0.05); 和性别、年龄、术前平均角膜曲率、眼轴无相关性(P>0.05)。

结论：高度近视白内障患者经超声乳化吸除联合IOL植入术后视力改善,术后视力与椭圆体带完整性和术前视力具有相关性。     

随机森林和决策树模型在轻型缺血性脑卒中患者复发预测中的应用分析

目的 构建轻型缺血性脑卒中（MIS）患者2年内复发的随机森林和决策树预测模型,并分析模型的临床应用价值。方法 回顾性收集2020年7月1日至12月31日于山西省心血管病医院神经内科就诊的520例MIS患者的病历资料,根据2年内是否复发将患者分为复发组和未复发组。基于缺失森林对数据进行填补,根据文献检索与专家讨论结果筛选预测变量并进行单因素分析,合成少数过采样技术-标称连续（SMOTE-NC）技术处理数据不平衡,采用贝叶斯优化十折交叉验证构建随机森林、决策树模型并与Logistic回归模型进行比较。基于受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUC）、布里尔分数（BS）与校准曲线分别评价模型的区分度与校准度。对预测性能最好的模型采用SHAP模型解释预测结果。结果 2年内复发患者共93例（17.9%）。两组患者的年龄,吸烟、糖尿病、循环梗死部位、多发性脑梗死比例,以及舒张压、红细胞压积、血小板计数、低密度脂蛋白水平比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Logistic回归模型、决策树模型与随机森林模型在测试集中,预测MIS患者2年内复发情况的AUC(95%CI)分别为0.764(0.691～0....     

p53,p16,PCNA蛋白在食管癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨p53,p16,PCNA蛋白在食管癌中的表达及临床意义。方法用免疫组织化学染色SP法对62例食管癌标本进行p53,p16,PCNA蛋白测定。结果62例食管癌中,p53,PCNA蛋白阳性表达均为71.0%(44/62),p16缺失率48.4%(30/62)。p16缺失与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05、P<0.01)。而p53,PCNA蛋白同时表达56.5%(35/62),亦与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05、P<0.01)。结论食管癌p53,PCNA蛋白同时表达及p16缺失可视为危险预后因素。     

ALPPS治疗巨大原发性肝癌患者近远期疗效研究

目的 探讨联合肝脏分隔和门静脉结扎的二步肝切除术(ALPPS)治疗巨大原发性肝癌(PLC)患者的近远期疗效.方法 2016年1月～2018年2月我院诊治的98例巨大PLC患者,其中20例接受ALPPS治疗(A组),38例在经肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗后手术切除肿瘤(B组),和40例接受直接手术切除肿瘤(C组).术...     

Evaluating and understanding combination therapy decision drivers for the treatment of overactive bladder in the United States

ObjectiveTo understand factors guiding overactive bladder (OAB) therapy selection and experience with combination therapy (antimuscarinics and beta-3 agonists).MethodsCross-sectional surveys of OAB patients and OAB-treating physicians in the USA were conducted. Patients receiving monotherapy with antimuscarinics were categorized by OAB treatment history: monotherapy only; third-line procedures (e.g., onabotulinumtoxinA injections) and combination therapy; third-line therapy only; and combination therapy only. The patient survey assessed therapy choice drivers and barriers, treatment satisfaction and sociodemographic/clinical characteristics. The physician survey assessed drivers of and barriers to OAB treatment choices.ResultsOf 200 patients, 86.5% reported involvement in treatment decision-making; doctor’s recommendation was the most frequently considered factor (84.4%). Most patients (71%) were unaware of combination therapy. The primary reason why those patients aware of combination therapy had not used it (N = 43/200; 21%) was physician recommendation of other treatments (69.8%). For physicians (N = 50), the most frequently considered factors when prescribing OAB treatment were effectiveness (92.0%) and side effects (84.0%); 70% prescribed combination therapy, primarily for symptom severity (82.9%). The main reasons for not prescribing combination therapy were cost/insurance coverage (80%) and lack of information (53.3%).ConclusionsShared decision-making guided treatment decisions; the main considerations were treatment safety and efficacy.     

心血瘀阻证大鼠血浆代谢网络模型分析

目的：探讨心血瘀阻证大鼠血浆代谢网络模型。方法：代谢通路分析采用KEGG 数据库,代谢产物分子注释、相关的酶或转运蛋白及其相关性质分析采用HMDB 数据库,代谢网络模型可视化采用metPA 网络软件。结果：9 个代谢产物参与了15 条代谢通路,其中泛酸盐和CoA 生物合成、丙酸代谢、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成通路影响值P＜0.05。结论：泛酸盐和CoA 生物合成、丙酸代谢、不饱和脂肪酸生物合成通路参与大鼠心血瘀阻证的病理过程。     

栀子卷叶螟的发生规律及防治研究

目的:通过对栀子卷叶螟Archernius tropicalis的发生规律及防治研究,为防治提供依据。方法:定点观察和药效试验。结果:该虫在湖北省孝感地区一年发生四代。世代重叠,以幼虫在枯叶中结薄茧越冬,翌年3月恢复取食,4月上旬开始化蛹,4月中、下旬羽化产卵,至6月中旬第一代幼虫发生为害,7月上、中旬至8月中旬为第二代幼虫盛发期,第三代幼虫则于9月上、中旬出现危害至11月上、中旬,第四代幼虫于11月下旬陆续结薄茧进入越冬休眠。选用市售5种药剂试验的结果,只要使用有效浓度在防治适期施药,均能获得90%以上的防治效果。结论:结合栀子卷叶螟的发生规律在其各代幼虫为害期喷施本试验选用的市售5种药剂均能有效防治栀子卷叶螟。     

Selective Antibacterial Activity of Patchouli Alcohol Against Helicobacter pylori Based on Inhibition of Urease

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity and urease inhibitory effects of patchouli alcohol (PA), the bioactive ingredient isolated from Pogostemonis Herba, which has been widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The activities of PA against selected bacteria and fungi were determined by agar dilution method. It was demonstrated that PA exhibited selective antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori, without influencing the major normal gastrointestinal bacteria. Noticeably, the antibacterial activity of PA was superior to that of amoxicillin, with minimal inhibition concentration value of 78 µg/mL. On the other hand, PA inhibited ureases from H. pylori and jack bean in concentration‐dependent fashion with IC₅₀ values of 2.67 ± 0.79 mM and 2.99 ± 0.41 mM, respectively. Lineweaver‐Burk plots indicated that the type of inhibition was non‐competitive against H. pylori urease whereas uncompetitive against jack bean urease. Reactivation of PA‐inactivated urease assay showed DL‐dithiothreitol, the thiol reagent, synergistically inactivated urease with PA instead of enzymatic activity recovery. In conclusion, the selective H. pylori antibacterial activity along with urease inhibitory potential of PA could make it a possible drug candidate for the treatment of H. pylori infection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

沿海和内地两家医院口服降糖药利用分析

目的：了解口服降糖药在沿海和内地两家医院的用药情况。方法：应用总金额排序法及用药频度（DDDs)排序法对1998－1999年沿海和内地两家医院口服降糖药的利用情况进行比较分析。结果：沿海地区使用双胍类降糖药的患者远远小于内地。结论：沿海地区肥胖型糖尿病患者少于内地。二甲双胍、格列吡嗪、格列齐特、格列本脲等目前用药活跃,仍为主要降糖药。