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71.
Leire Ambrosio PhD Mª Victoria Navarta-Sánchez PhD Mª Carmen Portillo PhD Raquel Martin-Lanas PhD Miriam Recio MSc Mario Riverol PhD 《Health & social care in the community》2021,29(4):1030-1040
Psychosocial adjustment to a complex and disabling long-term condition like Parkinson´s disease is a complex, dynamic, cyclical and interactive process. Family caregivers, face multiple challenges that require a significant effort in terms of psychosocial adjustment, which must be considered by healthcare professionals in order to provide a holistic care. The patients’ self-report version of the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS-SR), which has been validated in Spain for use in Parkinson's disease, is designed to evaluate the psychosocial adjustment of patients. Our purpose was to validate the Spanish PAIS-SR version for caregivers of patients with Parkinson's disease. An open, national cross-sectional study with one point-in-time evaluation and retest was carried out in 450 family caregivers of patients with Parkinson's disease. Data were collected in Spain from April 2016 to September 2017. The psychometric analysis performed showed that the Spanish version of the PAIS-SR for caregivers presents adequate indicators of reliability, internal and external validity, and is structured according to the seven-domain model proposed by the author of the instrument. 相似文献
72.
Background: this study was designed to characterize some of the biochemical and molecular genetic changes during reversion
of human fat cells. Methods: mature adipocytes were isolated from greater omental fat tissue of eight lean and 14 massively
obese persons by established methodology. Results: at day 7 of adherence to Leighton tubes, there was appreciable depletion
of triacylglycerol, as well as assumption of an elongated contour. Relatedly, there was an increase in the expression of β-actin
mRNA and a significant decrease in the specific activity of cytosolic glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. The decrement in the
specific activity of glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, after 7 days in culture, was significant at p < 0.001. Basic fibroblast growth factor at 10 ngml-1 accelerated significantly (p < 0.03) the decrease in the specific activity of glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in adipose cells from lean subjects. In contrast,
basic fibroblast growth factor had no significant influence on cells from massively obese persons. Conclusion: such resistance
may contribute to the intractability of massive obesity. 相似文献
73.
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75.
[18F] FDG PET in Gastric Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Miriam Rodriguez H kan Ahlstr m Anders Sundí n Suzanne Rehn Christer Sundstr m Hans Hagberg Bengt Glimelius 《Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden)》1997,36(6):577-584
The possibility of using [18F] FDG PET for assessment of tumor extension in primary gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) was studied in 8 patients (6 high-grade and 2 Iow-grade, one of the MALT type) and in a control group of 7 patients (5 patients with NHL without clinical signs of gastric involvement, 1 patient with NHL and benign gastric ulcer and 1 patient with adenocarcinoma of the stomach). All patients with gastric NHL and the two with benign gastric ulcer and adenocarcinoma, respectively, underwent endoscopy including multiple biopsies for histopathological diagnosis. All patients with high-grade and one of the two with low-grade NHL and the patient with adenocarcinoma displayed high gastric uptake of [18F] FDG corresponding to the pathological findings at endoscopy and/or CT. No pathological tracer uptake was seen in the patient with low-grade gastric NHL of the MALT type. In 6/8 patients with gastric NHL, [18F] FDG PET demonstrated larger tumor extension in the stomach than was found at endoscopy, and there was high tracer uptake in the stomach in two patients who were evaluated as normal on CT. [18F] FDG PET correctly excluded gastric NHL in the patient with a benign gastric ulcer and in the patients with NHL without clinical signs of gastric involvement. Although the experience is as yet limited, [18F] FDG PET affords a novel possibility for evaluation of gastric NHL and would seem valuable as a complement to endoscopy and CT in selected patients, where the technique can yield additional information decisive for the choice of therapy. 相似文献
76.
Guy J. Ben‐Simon Miriam Peiss Tanuj Nakra Abraham Spierer 《Clinical & experimental optometry》2004,87(3):175-179
Background: The development of myopia is influenced by hereditary factors, environmental factors and geneenvironment interaction. Reading and near‐work activity are associated with myopia and myopic progression. This study sought to determine and compare the prevalence of reduced unaided vision and spectacle use among third grade Israeli students from three different educational settings. Method: A sample of 917 students (mean age 8.5 years, range seven to 10 years) was drawn from the three Israeli educational streams: secular, Orthodox and ultra‐Orthodox. Children in the ultra‐Orthodox education pathway begin studying at the age of three years and their daily reading involves sustained near work with increased accommodative effort accompanied by head‐rocking movements. Reduced distance vision was used to indicate the likely development of or an increase in the amount of myopia. Spectacle lenses were measured to determine the prevalence of myopia. Results: Of the 917 students studied, 103 (11.2 per cent) wore spectacles (14.2 per cent of the males and eight per cent of the females); 82.5 per cent of those who wore spectacles were myopic. Males from ultra‐Orthodox schools had the highest rate of reduced unaided vision (72.5 per cent) compared with males from secular schools (27.3 per cent), males from Orthodox schools (59.3 per cent) or with females from all three groups (average of 34.8 per cent, p < 0.0001, chi squared). Males had a higher rate of reduced unaided vision, especially in the Orthodox and ultra‐Orthodox schools. Conclusions: Our study suggests that Jewish ultra‐Orthodox males have a higher prevalence and degree of myopia. The study habits of young children, including exposure to prolonged near tasks, high accommodative demands and possibly optical defocus induced by body sway, may contribute to the development of myopia. 相似文献
77.
Tamara D Simon Stephanie Phibbs L Miriam Dickinson Allison Kempe John F Steiner Arthur J Davidson Simon J Hambidge 《Ambulatory Pediatrics》2006,6(6):318-325
OBJECTIVE: To describe clinician delivery of injury prevention anticipatory guidance and injury visits in a birth cohort, and to describe the association of injury prevention anticipatory guidance with subsequent injury visits. METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study of 2610 infants born from July 1, 1998 to June 30, 1999, at an urban safety-net hospital and seen subsequently for well child care (WCC, visits = 10558) and/or injury by 16 months of age. Injury guidance was defined as the proportion of recommended injury prevention anticipatory guidance items delivered to those expected, given the WCC visits the child attended. The outcome was a first injury visit to a clinic, emergency department, or hospital. RESULTS: The injury prevention items most discussed were car seats (84%-95% of all WCC visits) and rolling over at the 2-month WCC visit (80%). Other items were addressed at 36%-69% of visits. A total of 1931 (74%) of children received > or = 50% expected injury guidance. A total of 277 children (11%) had an injury visit, primarily for minor injuries. In unadjusted analysis, children receiving < 25% expected injury guidance were more likely to have a subsequent injury visit (unadjusted odds ratio 6.2; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.2-9.7). In adjusted analysis, children who received < 25% and 25%-49% expected injury guidance were more likely to have a subsequent injury visits (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 6.6; 95% CI 3.8-11.2; and AOR 2.9, 95% CI 2.0-4.3, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Disadvantaged children whose families received less injury guidance than other children in their cohort were more likely to have a subsequent injury visit. Further studies are needed to determine whether increased injury prevention counseling reduces injury visits. 相似文献
78.
Miriam B Virgolini Kevin Chen Doug D Weston Mark R Bauter Deborah A Cory-Slechta 《Toxicological sciences》2005,87(2):469-482
Elevated lead (Pb) burden and high stress levels are co-occurring risk factors in low socioeconomic status (SES) children. Our previous work demonstrated that maternal Pb exposure can permanently alter hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function and responsivity to stress challenges in offspring. The current study sought to determine the consequences of chronic Pb exposures initiated later in development combined with variable intermittent stress challenges. Male rats were exposed chronically from weaning to 0, 50, or 150 ppm Pb acetate drinking solutions (producing blood Pb levels of <5, 9-15, and 23-27 mug/dl, respectively). Pb itself decreased basal plasma corticosterone, with greater effects at 50 than 150 ppm; 150 ppm reduced both cytosolic and nuclear glucocorticoid receptor binding. Responsivity to stress challenges including novelty, cold, and restraint, was measured as changes in Fixed Interval (FI) schedule-controlled behavior in a subset of rats within each group. FI performance was modified by novelty stress only in Pb-treated rats, whereas cold and restraint stress effects were comparable across groups. Novelty elevated corticosterone equivalently across groups, but cold stress markedly increased corticosterone only in Pb-treated groups. The pattern of Pb-induced changes in serotonin (5-HT) or its metabolite 5-HIAA in frontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, striatum, and hypothalamus resembled that observed for basal corticosterone levels indicating a relationship between these variables. In addition to suggesting the potential for HPA axis-mediated effects of Pb on the central nervous system, these findings also raise questions about whether single chemicals studied in isolation from other relevant risk factors can adequately identify neurotoxic hazards. 相似文献
79.
Miriam B. G. Morrell Claudia Alvarez‐Florez Aiqian Zhang Eugenie S. Kleinerman Hannah Savage Enrica Marmonti Minjeong Park Angela Shaw Keri L. Schadler 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2019,66(9)
Recent studies in mouse models of cancer have shown that exercise improves tumor vascular function, thereby improving chemotherapy delivery and efficacy. However, the mechanisms underlying this improvement remain unclear and the effect of exercise on Ewing sarcoma (ES), a pediatric bone and soft tissue cancer, is unknown. The effect of exercise on tumor vascular hyperpermeability, which inversely correlates with drug delivery to the tumor, has also not been evaluated. We hypothesized that exercise improves chemotherapy efficacy by enhancing its delivery through improving tumor vascular permeability. We treated ES‐bearing mice with doxorubicin with or without moderate treadmill exercise. Exercise did not significantly alter ES tumor vessel morphology. However, compared to control mice, tumors of exercised mice had significantly reduced hyperpermeability, significantly decreased hypoxia, and higher doxorubicin penetration. Compared to doxorubicin alone, doxorubicin plus exercise inhibited tumor growth more efficiently. We evaluated endothelial cell sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptors 1 and 2 (S1PR1 and S1PR2) as potential mediators of the improved vascular permeability and increased function afforded by exercise. Relative to tumors from control mice, vessels in tumors from exercised mice had increased S1PR1 and decreased S1PR2 expression. Our results support a model in which exercise remodels ES vasculature to reduce vessel hyperpermeability, potentially via modulation of S1PR1 and S1PR2, thereby improving doxorubicin delivery and inhibiting tumor growth more than doxorubicin alone does. Our data suggest moderate aerobic exercise should be tested in clinical trials as a potentially useful adjuvant to standard chemotherapy for patients with ES. 相似文献
80.
Ronald Allen Coss Christopher W. Storck Tiffany C. Wells Kari A. Kulp Miriam Wahl Dennis B. Leeper 《International journal of hyperthermia》2014,30(1):75-78
Purpose: This study tested the ability of lonidamine (LND), a clinically applicable inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporters (MCT), to thermally sensitise human melanoma cells cultured at a tumour-like extracellular pH (pHe) 6.7.Materials and methods: Human melanoma DB-1 cells cultured at pHe 6.7 and pHe 7.3 were exposed to 150?µM LND for 3?h, beginning 1?h prior to heating at 42?°C (2?h). Intracellular pH (pHi) was determined using 2′,7′-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) and whole spectrum analysis. Levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs) were determined by immunoblot analysis. Cell survival was determined by colony formation.Results: Treatment with LND at pHe 6.7 reduced pHi to 6.30?±?0.21, reduced thermal induction of HSPs, and sensitised cells growing at pHe 6.7 to 42?°C. When LND was combined with an acute acidification from pHe 6.7 to pHe 6.5, pHi was reduced to 6.09?±?0.26, and additional sensitisation was observed. LND had negligible effects on cells cultured at pH 7.3.Conclusions: The results show that LND can reduce pHi in human melanoma cells cultured at a tumour-like low pHe so that the 42?°C induction of HSPs are abrogated and the cells are sensitised to thermal therapy. Cells cultured at a normal tissue-like pHe 7.3 were not sensitised to 42?°C by LND. These findings support the strategy that human melanoma cells growing in an acidic environment can be sensitised to thermal therapy in vivo by exposure to an MCT inhibitor such as LND. 相似文献