Construction of a Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome-specific outcome measure: The Kidney Deficiency Syndrome questionnaire (KDSQ)

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome-specific outcome measures is needed for the evaluation of TCM syndrome-specific therapies. We constructed a Kidney Deficiency Syndrome Questionnaire (KDSQ) for the evaluation of the common TCM syndromes Kidney-Yin Deficiency Syndrome (KDS-Yin) and Kidney-Yang Deficiency Syndrome (KDS-Yang) in middle-aged women with menopausal symptoms. METHODS: KDS-Yin and KDS-Yang were traditionally defined by expert opinion were validated by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). Content validity was tested by EFA on a sample of 236 women from a seminar and SEM on another sample of 321 women from a postal survey. Other psychometric properties were tested on 292 women from the seminar at baseline and two systematically selected sub-samples: 54 who reported no changes in discomforts 11-12 days after the baseline and 31 who reported changes in discomforts 67-74 days after the baseline. All participants completed the KDSQ, the Greene Climacteric Scale and the standard 12-item Short Form Health Survey. RESULTS: The EFA and SEM established the measurement models of KDS-Yin and KDS-Yang supporting content validity of the KDSQ. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach's Alpha larger than 0.70). Construct validity was supported by theoretically-derived levels of correlation with the established external measures. Test-retest reliability was strong (ICCagreement: KDS-Yin, 0.94; KDS-Yang, 0.93). The KDSQ was responsive to changes over time as tested by effect size and longitudinal validity. CONCLUSIONS: The KDSQ was a valid and reliable measure for KDS-Yin and KDS-Yang in Hong Kong Chinese middle-aged women with menopausal symptoms.     

Incremental value of live/real time three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in the assessment of ventricular septal rupture following acute myocardial infarction

Ventricular septal rupture is a serious complication following acute myocardial infarctions and is associated with a significant mortality rate. Classically, two‐dimensional transthoracic echocardiography has been used to diagnose this complication and visualize its location. Two‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography has supplemented the transthoracic approach by providing more accurate assessment of the defect size and in guiding closure both percutaneously and intraoperatively. This modality, however, is limited to two‐dimensional views only, and a greater breadth of information is instead available through the use of three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. We present a series of 11 patients in which live/real time three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography offered incremental benefits over two‐dimensional imaging alone.     

低剂量氯吡格雷在冠状动脉再狭窄家猪模型中应用的初步探讨

目的评价低剂量氯吡格雷在冠状动脉再狭窄家猪模型中的应用效果。方法选取健康家猪6头,抽取静脉血测定ADP(Adenosine Diphosphate,二磷酸腺苷)诱导的血小板聚集率作为基础值,然后开始喂食氯吡格雷(25mg/d)和常规剂量的阿司匹林,开始给药后第4天行介入手术构建冠状动脉过度扩张再狭窄模型并行支架植入术,同时在给药后第4、8﹑14天再次抽血测定ADP诱导的血小板聚集率,评价氯吡格雷对血小板聚集率的抑制效果,记录术后压迫止血情况及术中、术后的安全性,14天时处死动物并血管取材评价支架内血栓情况。采用SPSS10.0进行统计学分析。结果家猪平均体重为(23.1±4.4)Kg,ADP诱导的血小板聚集率基础值为(43.08±5.06)%。用药后第4天,血小板聚集率值较基础值明显下降[(29.05±9.26)%:(43.08±5.06)%,P=0.008],用药后8天血小板聚集率值进一步下降,用药后14天,血小板聚集率值趋于稳定,达到并维持抗血小板聚集的效果,术中和术后24小时均未发生冠状动脉事件,14天时血管取材病理切片未见支架内血栓形成。结论在冠状动脉再狭窄家猪模型中,低剂量氯吡格雷可以达到抑制ADP诱导的血小板聚集的效果,同时低剂量氯吡格雷联合常规剂量的阿司匹林可以保证冠状动脉再狭窄家猪模型的安全性,并降低实验费用。     

A novel missense mutation of CYLD gene in a Chinese family with multiple familial trichoepithelioma

Multiple familial trichoepithelioma (MFT, OMIM 601606) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease. It is characterized by numerous skin-colored papules on the central face. Pathogenic mutations in the CYLD gene have been identified. In this report, we identified a novel mutation of CYLD gene in a Chinese family with MFT. It is a novel heterozygous nucleotide G→A transition at position 2,317 in exon 17 of the CYLD gene. Our study expands the database on the CYLD gene mutations in MFT.     

宁夏西吉县人体两种肝包虫病调查的初步报告

采用梯度筛选后B超检查,对西吉县农民、城镇人员患肝泡球蚴病(LAE)和肝棘球蚴病(LCECE)的情况进行调查。共检查2 389人,检出肝包虫病患者197例,患病率为8.2％,其中LAE 141例,占5.9％;LCR 56例,占2.3％。农民LAE和LCE患病率分别为9.7％和3.8％。城镇的分别为0.4％和0.2％。农民患病率高。LAE与猎狐、捕捉达乌尔黄鼠有密切关系。家犬是LCE的传染源。     

苦参碱抗大鼠胰腺纤维化作用及机制研究

目的 探讨苦参碱对胰腺纤维化的干预作用,为其临床应用提供实验依据.方法 48只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和治疗组,每组16只.以腹腔注射DDC(750 mg/kg体重)每周2次,共6周建立胰腺纤维化动物模型,治疗组于DDC注射后2周起每日腹腔注射苦参碱(100 mg/kg体重),6周后处死动物.采用放射免疫法检测血清透明质酸.胰腺常规病理检查、评分,Masson染色判断胶原纤维量.免疫组化和RT-PCR法检测胰腺组织生长因子β1(TGF-β1)及Smad3、Smad7的蛋白和mRNA表达.结果 治疗组血清透明质酸浓度、病理积分及胶原纤维的表达量分别为(105.85 ± 25.69)ng/ml、3.16 ± 1.15及(19.16 ± 4.27)%,TGF-β1和Smad3蛋白表达分别为(23.16 ± 7.68)%和(18.65 ± 9.82)%,TGF-β1 mRNA和Smad3 mRNA表达分别为0.33 ± 0.10和0.23 ± 0.03,均较模型组明显降低(P ＜ 0.01).而Smad7的表达与模型组无显著差异.结论 大鼠腹腔注射DDC可建立胰腺纤维化动物模型.苦参碱具有显著的抗胰腺纤维化的作用,其机制可能与抑制TGF-β1的产生、抑制TGF-β/Smads信号转导通路活性有关.     

影响胰十二指肠切除术死亡的危险因素分析

目的探讨影响胰十二指肠切除术治疗胰头和壶腹周围癌死亡的危险因素。方法对1995年1月至2004年6月期间行胰十二指肠切除术的196例胰头和壶腹周围癌患者的10项临床观察指标进行分析。结果术后并发症发生率为31．1％,病死率为5．6%。术前低蛋白血症(<35g／L)、高血糖(>10mmol／L)、术中出血量>1000ml、围手术期的APACHE Ⅱ评分>12和POSSUM评分>38时手术危险度较大,与手术死亡率呈正相关(P<0．05)。而年龄>65岁、手术时间超过6h、术前血清胆红素>170μmol／L、黄疸持续时间>30d、肿瘤>3cm并不增加手术的病死率(P>0．05)。结论术前低蛋白血症,高血糖,出血量多及高APACHE Ⅱ和POSSUM分值是影响胰头十二指肠切除术死亡的高危因素。