小切口胆囊切除术108例临床观察

本文报告腹部切口５－８ｃｍ的小切口胆囊切除术１０８例，与同期大切口胆囊切除术相比，具有创伤较小、恢复较快、并发症少、切口疤痕小的优点，虽不如腹腔镜胆囊切除术（ＬＣ）的疼痛轻、恢复快，但并症比ＬＣ少，只要适应症选择得当，在术者的经验和技术较成熟的情况下，不昔为一种可供选择的方法。     

IgG指数和IgG合成率在多发性硬化中的应用价值探讨

采用临床流行病学方法对ＩｇＧ指数和ＩｇＧ合成率的实用价值进行评价。结果发现：在对多发性硬化（ＭＳ）的诊断中，ＩｇＧ指数的敏感性、特异性和阳性结果似然比分别是６０％、６５％和１．８０，而ＩｇＧ合成率分别为５０％，６５％和１．４３。在排除皮质类固醇激素的影响后，ＩｇＧ指数的敏感性和阳性结果似然比分别是８４％和２．４，ＩｇＧ合成率则分别是７９％和２．２６。此外，ＩｇＧ指数和ＩｇＧ合成率对于判断是否存在中枢神经系统器质性损害有较大的意义     

50例冠心病某些生化基础观测的临床诊断意义

对５０例冠心病患者进行某些生化基础观测，发现冠心病肾阴虚与糖耐量减低有关，肾阳虚患者尿１７－羟低於正常；而冠心病标证有其生化基础，与甘油三酯增高有密切相关。     

碳—钛组合式人工股骨头临床应用15年随访

自1980年4月至1995年4月,应用碳—钛组合式人工股骨头治疗髋关节疾患319例。随访最短1年,最长15年。随访结果:股骨颈骨折组优良率93％,股骨头无菌性坏死组优良率89.8％。余者2例失败,4例髋关节周围钙化,2例碳质头略大,3例假体下沉,1例类风湿性髋关节强直,术后关节再强直。1例髋臼硬化,4例6髋关节明显疼痛。4例死于心血管疾病。我们体会到碳质材料具有良好的物理、化学性能和生物相容性,是一种优良的人工关节材料。碳—钛组合式人工股骨头是目前优良的人工假体之一。     

芸香甙对大鼠内囊血肿的治疗作用

芸香甙是黄酮类化合物，就其对大鼠内囊血肿的保护作用进行了初步研究。在内囊血肿大鼠模型上，芸香甙５０、１００ｍｇ．ｋｇ＾－１可以明显改善大鼠的神经症状，降低神经症状和评分；芸香甙显著降低脑组织的丙二醛含量和提高超氧化物歧化酶的活性。     

原发性干燥综合征与人类组织相容性抗原—DRβ基因

原发性干燥综合征（ＰＳＳ）的病因未明，其中可能涉及遗传因素。用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＰ）法对７０例ＰＳＳ患者和１３６名正常人进行人类组织相容性抗原（ＨＬＡ）－ＤＲβ基因分型。发现ＰＳＳ患者群体的ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ３、ＤＲ５２及ＤＲ２的基因频率明显高于正常对照组，而ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ５及ＤＲ９的基因频率则相反，提示ＰＳＳ的发病与ＤＲ３、ＤＲ５２及ＤＲ２呈正相关；而和ＤＲ９、ＤＲ５呈负相关。２个ＰＳＳ患者家族的姐妹与患者具有相同的遗传因素，且和ＰＳＳ患者群体测定的正相关基因相一致。ＰＳＳ患者的主要自身抗体（抗ＳＳＡ抗体及抗ＳＳＢ抗体）与ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ５２之间有明显的相关性，因而表明ＰＳＳ的发病和遗传因素有关。     

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis viruses in Chinese drug addicts.

The prevalence of antibody against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) and five hepatitis B virus markers (HBVM) was measured in 176 Chinese drug addicts, of whom 23 were AIDS patients. Of 176 drug addicts, 147 were members of ethnic minorities while 29 were Han, the majority ethnic group. The total prevalence rates of anti-HCV and HBVM were 35.8% and 50.6% respectively, significantly different (P < 0.01). Anti-HCV and HBVM were together found in 22.7%. Similar prevalence rates were found among the different ethnic groups. Among the ethnic minorities, there was a significantly higher prevalence rate of anti-HCV in intravenous drug addicts (IVDA, 51.1%) than in oral drug addicts (20.3%). Furthermore, the prevalence of anti-HCV was significantly higher in needle-sharing abusers (60.4%) than in non-needle sharing ones (37.1%, P < 0.05). The prevalence of HBVM was also significantly higher in needle-sharing abusers (69.8%) than in non-needle sharing ones (34.3%). Prevalence of HBsAg was significantly higher in drug abusers with AIDS (47.8%) than in IVDA only (16.1%). The anti-HCV positive rates among ethnic minority people were: for the Yi people 69.2%, the Hui 55.6%, the Bai 53.9%, the Dai 26.8% and the Wa 23.1%. No obvious difference was identified for HBVM. The prevalence rates of HCV, HBV and HCV + HBV in IVDA showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the two regions. HIV, HCV and HBV infections may promote each other and be related to needle-sharing behaviour in drug abuse and to different subcultures and living habits.     

腺苷对突触体^45Ca摄取的抑制作用

用同位素标记~(15)Ca法测定大鼠突触体内游离钙的浓度,探讨了腺苷对高钾、N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)谷氨酸(Glu)等刺激所致的Ca~(2 )内流增加的影响。结果发现腺苷在10nmol/L～0.1μmol/L范围内对高钾、NMDA、Glu等刺激所致的Ca~(2 )内流有抑制作用,并呈剂量依赖关系,最大抑制率分别为41.68±7.68％、31.32±6.17％、37.52±2.29％。这可能是腺苷对缺血性脑损伤保护作用的机理。     

采用生活垃圾研制烧结砖

该文介绍了用好氧发酵工艺对新鲜生活垃圾进行预处理,用做制砖的原料。制砖工艺采用对辊,双轴搅拌,真空挤出,轮窑烧成等工序,垃圾掺加量为30％～50％,可完全取代内掺材料,节省90％以上的煤炭。