全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1191120篇 |
免费 | 77962篇 |
国内免费 | 2698篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 14363篇 |
儿科学 | 41496篇 |
妇产科学 | 31847篇 |
基础医学 | 166437篇 |
口腔科学 | 29386篇 |
临床医学 | 103479篇 |
内科学 | 227791篇 |
皮肤病学 | 23744篇 |
神经病学 | 96583篇 |
特种医学 | 47952篇 |
外国民族医学 | 307篇 |
外科学 | 182460篇 |
综合类 | 26871篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 387篇 |
预防医学 | 96868篇 |
眼科学 | 25445篇 |
药学 | 82509篇 |
4篇 | |
中国医学 | 2817篇 |
肿瘤学 | 71033篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 33464篇 |
2017年 | 26516篇 |
2016年 | 30708篇 |
2015年 | 11692篇 |
2014年 | 15355篇 |
2013年 | 22951篇 |
2012年 | 36177篇 |
2011年 | 52773篇 |
2010年 | 37725篇 |
2009年 | 29639篇 |
2008年 | 50096篇 |
2007年 | 55288篇 |
2006年 | 31668篇 |
2005年 | 32632篇 |
2004年 | 33446篇 |
2003年 | 33998篇 |
2002年 | 30713篇 |
2001年 | 47434篇 |
2000年 | 48834篇 |
1999年 | 40613篇 |
1998年 | 11488篇 |
1997年 | 10465篇 |
1996年 | 10356篇 |
1995年 | 9948篇 |
1994年 | 9314篇 |
1993年 | 8638篇 |
1992年 | 32387篇 |
1991年 | 31654篇 |
1990年 | 31190篇 |
1989年 | 30024篇 |
1988年 | 27295篇 |
1987年 | 27457篇 |
1986年 | 25539篇 |
1985年 | 24712篇 |
1984年 | 18478篇 |
1983年 | 15586篇 |
1982年 | 9391篇 |
1981年 | 8387篇 |
1979年 | 16952篇 |
1978年 | 12277篇 |
1977年 | 10332篇 |
1976年 | 9827篇 |
1975年 | 10187篇 |
1974年 | 12362篇 |
1973年 | 11856篇 |
1972年 | 10884篇 |
1971年 | 10117篇 |
1970年 | 9412篇 |
1969年 | 8770篇 |
1968年 | 8131篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
In primary visual cortex of hooded rats, pyramidal cells in layer V may be classified as long, medium, or short, on the basis of the layer in which the apical dendrite terminates. The present study determines which of these types of pyramidal cells project to the superior colliculus. Two different strategies were used to label corticotectal cells with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). In the first set of experiments, a large number of corticotectal cells were labeled by retrograde transport following injection of HRP into the superior colliculus. In the second set of experiments, single unit recording was used to identify corticotectal cells physiologically by antidromic activation from the superior colliculus. These cells were then impaled and labeled by intracellular iontophoresis of HRP. The results from both techniques suggest that only long pyramidal cells send an axon to the superior colliculus. These cells are distinguished by an apical dendrite that extends into layer I. We conclude that in hooded rats corticotectal cells in primary visual cortex are the long pyramids in layer V. 相似文献
992.
Cytoskeletal association of human alpha-interferon-receptor complexes in interferon-sensitive and -resistant lymphoblastoid cells. 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
L M Pfeffer N Stebbing D B Donner 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1987,84(10):3249-3253
Human Daudi lymphoblastoid cells, which are highly sensitive to the antiproliferative action of human leukocyte alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha), and IFN-resistant and IFN-sensitive Daudi subclones (Cl2 and Cl1, respectively), contain 2300 (Kd = 20 X 10(-12) M), 3000 (Kd = 45 X 10(-12) M), and 3700 (Kd = 52 X 10(-12) M) IFN-alpha binding sites per cell, respectively. Thus, these IFN-sensitive and IFN-resistant cells have similar numbers of high-affinity IFN-alpha receptors. IFN-receptor complexes that are insoluble in Triton X-100 accumulate in IFN-sensitive but not in IFN-resistant cells. The ligand-induced accumulation of Triton-insoluble complexes in IFN-sensitive cells was inhibited by cytochalasin B. This suggests that the solubility change of IFN-receptor complexes results from their interaction with the cytoskeletal matrix. The dissociation of IFN-alpha from IFN-sensitive and IFN-resistant cells can be resolved into fast and slow components. IFN-alpha dissociates more slowly from IFN-sensitive cells than from IFN-resistant cells. Very slow dissociation of IFN-alpha from Triton-insoluble complexes correlates with this difference. These observations suggest that IFN-receptor complexes become coupled to the cytoskeletal matrix in IFN-sensitive but not in IFN-resistant cells, and that such interaction is an important element in the mechanism of the antiproliferative action of IFN-alpha on Daudi cells. 相似文献
993.
Prevalence of total tooth loss, dental caries, and periodontal disease in Mexican-American adults: results from the southwestern HHANES 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The Southwestern portion of the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES) was conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) in 1982 and 1983. The survey population was Mexican-Americans residing in five Southwestern states. This report presents data on the prevalence of total tooth loss, dental caries, and periodontal diseases in 3860 Mexican-American adults aged from 18 to 74. Results show that 4.3% of this group was edentulous. Among the dentate, Mexican-Americans had lower overall DMF scores but higher numbers of untreated decayed teeth than did residents of the same region seen in the NHANES I survey in 1971-1974. Caries of the smooth surfaces in both posterior and anterior teeth was more pronounced in the older than in the younger age groups. Mexican-Americans had more gingivitis but fewer periodontal pockets than did the general population in the Western states during NHANES I. The caries pattern in the Mexican-Americans suggests that caries among adults may remain a problem in the future, with the possibility of increased involvement with the aging, although modest, of smooth tooth surfaces. 相似文献
994.
Sutureless bowel anastomosis using Nd:YAG laser 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Small bowel anastomoses were performed without sutures by using the Nd:YAG laser to produce welded enterotomies. Optimal energy levels for contact and noncontact laser were determined. Anastomoses produced using five target energy levels between 100 and 500 J were examined. Short-term anastomotic strength of these enterotomies was measured 1 min after the welding. Bursting pressure of the laser welded enterotomies was compared to the bursting pressure of traditional two-layer, inverting, interrupted sutured bowel anastomoses. The overall mean bursting pressure of non-contact-welded enterotomies was 50.6 mmHg. Optimal laser settings determined in this initial phase were then used to produce anastomoses in rabbits which are recovered postoperatively for 1 or 2 weeks in order to examine long-term viability and integrity of the anastomoses. All chronic rabbit preparations recovered without complication. The mean bursting pressure was 200 mmHg, not significantly different from that of uncut bowel or two-layer sutured anastomosis. 相似文献
995.
Surgical treatment of displaced olecranon fractures by tension band wiring technique 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
G Wolfgang F Burke D Bush J Parenti J Perry B LaFollette S Lillmars 《Clinical orthopaedics and related research》1987,(224):192-204
Forty-five displaced olecranon fractures including 14 accompanying dislocated radial heads and seven radial head fractures were treated over a 13-year period by the tension band wiring technique. The use of supplemental internal fixation when necessary allows excellent results with the use of this technique, even in the presence of severe comminution or radial head dislocation. Primary silicone radial head implants fractured in all three patients in which they were used, necessitating repeat surgery in two patients to date. While loss of motion in terminal extension was a common aftermath of displaced olecranon fracture (59%), it was usually minor and functionally insignificant. True Kirschner-wire migration was not a common problem and can probably be eliminated by proper technique. The presence of gaps in the intraarticular surface of the semilunar notch of the ulna produced no ill effects and was compatible with excellent results. If only those cases with isolated olecranon fractures in this series are considered, there were good and excellent results in 29 of 30 cases (97%). Excision of the olecranon fragment(s) should be reserved for those cases when anatomic restoration cannot be achieved with internal fixation. 相似文献
996.
H R Schumacher A L Osterman S J Choi P B Weisz 《Clinical orthopaedics and related research》1987,(219):221-225
Painful calcinosis appeared at the wrist of an eight-year-old girl with lead poisoning. Careful history revealed that calcification occurred at the site of previous extravasation of calcium disodium edetate (EDTA) used in chelation therapy. Light microscopic, ultrastructural, electron activation, and X-ray diffraction studies demonstrated apatites with some suggestion of an admixture of octacalcium phosphate. 相似文献
997.
998.
The relation of forearm mineral density to peripheral fractures in postmenopausal women 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
B E Nordin B E Chatterton C J Walker J Wishart 《The Medical journal of Australia》1987,146(6):300-304
Forearm bone mineral density was measured in 557 postmenopausal women from whom a history of fractures was also obtained. Known cases of osteoporosis were excluded. The mean age of the subjects was 59 years. Ninety-eight of the subjects had sustained a fracture since the menopause and 37 had done so before the menopause. There had been 188 fractures in all. The mean bone density was significantly lower in the subjects who had experienced a fracture than in those who had not experienced a fracture; this was also true of subjects who had suffered a fracture before the menopause. The lowest bone densities were observed in subjects who had suffered forearm fractures, followed by those who had suffered fractures of the rib, ankle and foot. The mean bone density in subjects with more than one fracture was significantly lower than in those with only one fracture. The difference in bone density between subjects with and without a history of fractures was most significant in the younger subjects and became progressively less significant with age. The estimated relative fracture risk was 3.1 in the group with the lowest bone densities and zero in the group with the highest bone densities. 相似文献
999.
1000.
It is widely believed that family planning has important benefits for both maternal and child health. Despite this, little work has been done to quantify the potential effect of family planning in reducing maternal mortality. This paper assesses the impact of family planning in averting maternal deaths, and discusses the overall ability of risk strategies to address the bulk of maternal mortality. The practical difficulties of providing effective contraception to populations with high maternal mortality are addressed, and the need for maternal health care services as an adjunct to useful family planning programs is emphasized. Although family planning cannot by itself cause a substantial reduction in risk of pregnancy, the combined strategies of general fertility reduction, abortion services, and family planning for high-risk groups might effectively address about half of all maternal mortality in the developing world. Pregnancy and delivery care have the potential for saving large numbers of lives with appropriate interventions. It is concluded that reproductive risks can be reduced only by preventing unwanted pregnancies and protecting maternal health during wanted ones. 相似文献