Persistent electrical coupling and locomotory dysfunction in the zebrafish mutant shocked

On initial formation of neuromuscular junctions, slow synaptic signals interact through an electrically coupled network of muscle cells. After the developmental onset of muscle excitability and the transition to fast synaptic responses, electrical coupling diminishes. No studies have revealed the functional importance of the electrical coupling or its precisely timed loss during development. In the mutant zebrafish shocked (sho) electrical coupling between fast muscle cells persists beyond the time that it would normally disappear in wild-type fish. Recordings from sho indicate that muscle depolarization in response to motor neuron stimulation remains slow due to the low-pass filter characteristics of the coupled network of muscle cells. Our findings suggest that the resultant prolonged muscle depolarizations contribute to the premature termination of swimming in sho and the delayed acquisition of the normally rapid touch-triggered movements. Thus the benefits of gap junctions during early synapse development likely become a liability if not inactivated by the time that muscle would normally achieve fast autonomous function.     

淋巴结血管内T细胞淋巴瘤1例报道及文献复习

目的　探讨血管内淋巴瘤 (IVL)的临床病理特征。方法　对 1例腹股沟淋巴结IVL临床、病理组织学及免疫表型进行观察分析并复习文献。结果　男性 31岁 ,不明原因高热伴消瘦 5 0天 ,右腹股沟直径 1cm淋巴结 1枚 ,B超示肝脏轻度增大 ,血LDH明显升高伴ESR及转氨酶轻度升高 ,外周血WBC 3 3× 10 7/L ,骨髓像、多种病原及各肿瘤相关抗原检测均无异常。病理活检 :腹股沟淋巴结大部分破坏 ,代之以大量扩张的中小血管 ,腔内充满大量异型淋巴样细胞 ,局部伴管壁、管周浸润并累及结外脂肪组织。瘤细胞免疫表型CD4 5、CD4 5RO、CD3阳性 ,CK、CD6 8、CD79α、CD2 0均阴性 ,血管壁及内皮细胞CD31、CD34阳性。行CHOP化疗后症状缓解 ,现仍在随访中。结论　IVL是一罕见的非霍奇金淋巴瘤 ,好发于中枢神经系统及皮肤 ,其他部位少见 ,绝大数为B细胞型 ,T型罕见 ,以浅表淋巴结活检确诊者尚无报道。临床表现有一定提示性 ,确诊靠组织病理学检查 ,部分病例对化疗敏感 ,但多数病例预后差     

Adult-onset type II citrullinemia and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis caused by citrin deficiency: involvement of the aspartate glutamate carrier for urea synthesis and maintenance of the urea cycle

Citrin is a mitochondrial aspartate glutamate carrier primarily expressed in the liver, heart, and kidney. We found that adult-onset type II citrullinemia is caused by mutations in the SLC25A13 gene that encodes for citrin. In this report, we describe the frequency of SLC25A13 mutations, the roles of citrin as a member of the urea cycle and as a member of the malate-aspartate shuttle, the relationship between its functions and symptoms of citrin deficiency, and therapeutic issues.     

Prevalence of Antibodies to Hepatitis E Virus in Veterinarians Working with Swine and in Normal Blood Donors in the United States and Other Countries

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in many developing and some industrialized countries. It has been hypothesized that animals may be the source of infection. The recent identification of swine HEV in U.S. pigs and the demonstration of its ability to infect across species have lent credence to this hypothesis. To assess the potential risk of zoonotic HEV infection, we tested a total of 468 veterinarians working with swine (including 389 U.S. swine veterinarians) and 400 normal U.S. blood donors for immunoglobulin G anti-HEV. Recombinant capsid antigens from a U.S. strain of swine HEV and from a human HEV strain (Sar-55) were each used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The anti-HEV prevalence assayed with the swine HEV antigen showed 97% concordance with that obtained with the human HEV antigen (kappa = 92%). Among the 295 swine veterinarians tested from the eight U.S. states (Minnesota, Indiana, Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, North Carolina, and Alabama) from which normal blood donor samples were available, 26% were positive with Sar-55 antigen and 23% were positive with swine HEV antigen. In contrast, 18% of the blood donors from the same eight U.S. states were positive with Sar-55 antigen and 17% were positive with swine HEV antigen. Swine veterinarians in the eight states were 1.51 times more likely when tested with swine HEV antigen (95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 2.20) and 1.46 times more likely when tested with Sar-55 antigen (95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 2.17) to be anti-HEV positive than normal blood donors. We did not find a difference in anti-HEV prevalence between veterinarians who reported having had a needle stick or cut and those who had not or between those who spent more time (> or = 80% of the time) and those who spent less time (< or = 20% of the time) working with pigs. Similarly, we did not find a difference in anti-HEV prevalence according to four job categories (academic, practicing, student, and industry veterinarians). There was a difference in anti-HEV prevalence in both swine veterinarians and blood donors among the eight selected states, with subjects from Minnesota six times more likely to be anti-HEV positive than those from Alabama. Age was not a factor in the observed differences from state to state. Anti-HEV prevalence in swine veterinarians and normal blood donors was age specific and paralleled increasing age. The results suggest that swine veterinarians may be at somewhat higher risk of HEV infection than are normal blood donors.     

急性髓系白血病中CD64表达的敏感性及特异性研究

研究急性髓系白血病(AML)免疫分型中CD64的敏感性和特异性.用系列抗原对132例AML患者的骨髓细胞进行直接标记,并用流式细胞术进行分析.结果表明:在AML中,CD64对急性粒-单细胞白血病(M4)和急性单核细胞白血病(M5)中敏感性最高(分别为96.4%和100%),在其他AML(M0、M1、M2、M3,M6、M7)中表达均较低.CD64对M4和M5中的特异性为56.5%.因此,CD64有助于AML中M4、M5的鉴别诊断.     

格林—巴利综合征相关空肠弯曲菌脂多糖抗原初步分析

用格林－巴利综合征相关性空肠弯曲菌复制动物模型成功后的动物免疫血清对河北省格林－巴利综合征病人分离株空肠弯曲菌、动物来源株空肠弯曲菌及北京对照用人源株空肠弯曲菌及其脂多糖抗原性进行分析。结果显示，发生了典型的格林－巴利综合征样疾病的动物已产生了明显的抗格林－巴利综合征相关性空肠弯曲菌的免疫反应，其抗脂多糖抗体与当地其它来源株空肠弯曲菌有部分交叉反应，与北京分离株空肠弯曲菌无明显交叉反应。说明格林－巴利综合征相关性空肠弯曲菌脂多糖具有其独持的抗原性。支持某些特殊血清型的空肠弯曲菌参与格林－巴利综合征的致病过程。     

浅谈中国传统文化与当代心理治疗

当代中国的心理治疗有待“本土化”。传统文化中的中华民族心理特征具有务实 ,重视人与自然、社会和谐关系的特点 ,不彰显个性而有所节制。心理治疗在当代应吸取传统文化里的人生哲学、超越而丰富的精神世界及中医养生术所蕴含的有益元素     

ZNF268, a novel kruppel-like zinc finger protein, is implicated in early human liver development

The advancement in gene knockout and transgenesis have brought about enormous improvement in our understanding of mouse embryogenesis in the past decade or so. On the other hand, relatively little is known about human embryogenesis due largely to the lack of easy access to human embryos and tissues for biomedical studies. We have previously isolated a novel zinc finger gene, ZNF268, from a 3-week-old human embryo cDNA library in an effort to identify genes important for human embryonic development. To investigate the potential involvement of ZNF268 in human embryogenesis, we report here the spatial and temporal regulation of its expression during development. Northern blot and Western blot analyses revealed that ZNF268 is expressed in early embryos, predominantly, if not exclusively, in fetal liver with little detectable expression in other fetal organs. Interestingly, unlike most zinc finger proteins, ZNF268 protein was found to be localized mainly in the cytoplasm of embryonic hepatocytes. This subcellular localization was substantiated by the localization of EGFP-ZNF268 fusion protein overexpressed in the transfected COS7 cells. These results suggest that ZNF268 plays a role in early human liver development most likely by functioning through a cytoplasmic mechanism.     

Genomic approach to identification of Mycobacterium bovis diagnostic antigens in cattle

Differential delayed-type hypersensitivity skin testing with tuberculin purified protein derivatives from Mycobacterium bovis and M. avium is the standard for diagnosing bovine tuberculosis. However, improved tests based on defined, specific antigens are urgently needed. In the present study, a combination of bioinformatics, molecular biology, and bovine models of infection were used to screen mycobacterial proteins for their potential as diagnostic reagents which could be used in a whole-blood assay for diagnosis of tuberculosis. Initial screening of 28 proteins selected in silico and expressed as recombinants in Escherichia coli indicated that CFP-10, ESAT-6, TB27.4, TB16.2, TB15.8, and TB10.4 induced strong gamma interferon responses in experimentally infected cattle. A more thorough investigation over time in two groups of animals infected with a high (10(6) CFU) and a low (10(4) CFU) dose of M. bovis revealed that, for both groups, the strength of the in vitro response to individual antigens varied greatly over time. However, combining the results for ESAT-6, CFP-10, and TB27.4, possibly supplemented with TB10.4, gave sensitivities at different infection stages close to those obtained with M. bovis purified protein derivative. Importantly, while responsiveness to ESAT-6 and CFP-10 correlated strongly for individual samples, the same was not the case for ESAT-6 and TB27.4 responsiveness. The results suggest that combinations of specific antigens such as these have great potential in development of optimized diagnostic systems for bovine tuberculosis.     

儿童及青少年中央颞区放电的临床分析

目的:探讨儿童及青少年中央颞区癎样放电的特征和临床意义。方法:回顾分析近9年在同步录像脑电图(VEEG)或动态脑电图(AEEG)监测中具有中央颞区癎样放电的儿童和青少年的临床表现及与神经影像学异常的关系。结果:具有中央颞区癎样放电的儿童和青少年共452例,占同期接受EEG监测儿童及青少年的9．5％,占EEG各种癫癎样异常的15．4％。监测到中央颞区放电的平均年龄为7．28±3．15岁(1-17岁)。临床诊断包括伴中央颞区棘波的儿童良性癫癎(BECT)179例(39．6％),症状性或隐源性癫癎154例(34．1％),热性惊厥21例(4．7％),从无癫癎发作98例(21．7％)。在354例有癫癎发作者中235例(66％)为部分运动性发作,102例(28．7％)为全身强直阵挛发作;其他发作类型包括不典型失神发作9例(2．5％),肌阵挛发作6例(1．7％),负性肌阵挛发作4例(1.1％),痉挛发作3例(0．8％)。少数患者有一种以上发作形式。在283例有神经影像学记录的患者中,50例(17．7％)异常,其中仅10例异常部位与放电部位基本一致。结论:儿童及青少年中央颞区放电具有以下特点:①明显的年龄依赖性;②病因具有高度异源性,包括特发性、隐源性和症状性病因;③各种病因的中央颞区癎样放电均有一部分不伴有临床发作;④仅根据发作类型和EEG特征难以区分特发性和症状性病因,需要结合全面的临床资料作出诊断;⑤静止性脑结构病变不一定与中央颞区放电有直接关系。