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61.
Mughal UR Mehmood R Malik A Ali B Safder M Tareen RB 《Journal of Asian natural products research》2012,14(6):601-606
Spiraeamide, a new sphingolipid, has been isolated from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the methanolic extract of the whole plant of Spiraea brahuica, along with marrubiin, 19-acetylmarrubenol, and 6-acetylmarruenol. Their structures were elucidated by 1H and 13C NMR spectra, and COSY, NOESY, HMQC, HMBC, EI-MS, and FAB-MS experiments. 相似文献
62.
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) together with its regulatory subunit cyclin D1, governs cell cycle progression through G1 phase. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, including p16INK4A in turn regulate CDK4. In particular, deregulation of the p16/CDK4/cyclin D1 complex has been established in a variety of human tumors including gliomas, sarcomas, melanoma, breast and colorectal cancer. However, changes in CDK4 have rarely been observed. METHOD: In this study we used a combination of PCR-SSCP and direct sequencing for mutational screening of CDK4. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood leukocyte of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck, for screening germline mutations in coding regions of CDK4. RESULTS: Variations observed in exon 2 and 5 were three missense mutations, g5051G > C (Ser52Thr), g5095G > C (Glu67Gln), g5906C > A, g5907C > G (Pro194Ser) and novel frame shift mutations g7321_23delTGA, g7121_7122insG, g7143delG in exon 7 and 3[PRIME]UTR respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, two novel mutations were found in N terminal domain which indicates that CDK4 mutation may play a major role in the development and progression of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck. 相似文献
63.
Derek Yach Mehmood Khan Dondeena Bradley Rob Hargrove Stephen Kehoe George Mensah 《Globalization and health》2010,6(1):10
Increasingly, food companies play an important role in stemming the rising burden of nutrition-related chronic diseases. Concrete
actions taken by these companies include global public commitments to address food reformulation, consumer information, responsible
marketing, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and public-private partnerships. These actions are reviewed together with eleven
specific PepsiCo goals and commitments that address products, the marketplace, and communities at large. Interim progress
on these goals and commitments are discussed as well as constraints hampering faster progress. Further disease prevention
depends on increasing implementation of private-public initiatives. 相似文献
64.
Khadilkar AV Sayyad MG Sanwalka NJ Bhandari DR Naik S Khadilkar VV Mughal MZ 《Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition》2010,19(4):465-472
Vitamin D deficiency is common among children and adolescents in India, in spite of abundant sunshine. We conducted a pilot; double blind randomised controlled trial to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral content in underprivileged adolescent girls, in Pune, India. Fifty post-menarcheal girls aged 14 to 15 years were randomised to receive 300,000 IU (7.5 mg) of ergocalciferol or placebo orally, 4 times/year. All participants received 250 mg elemental calcium (calcium carbonate) daily. Outcome measures included change in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, size adjusted bone area and bone mineral content at total body and lumbar spine. Post supplementation, the median serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 75.2 (64.2-85.5) nmol/L in the intervention group and 28.1 (16.7-34.0) nmol/L in the placebo group. Increment in bone outcome measures was not different in the two groups. However, there was a positive effect of intervention in the size adjusted total body bone area (p<0.05), total body bone mineral content (p<0.05) and lumbar spine bone mineral content (p<0.05), and positive trend in lumbar spine bone area (p=0.07) in girls who were within 2 years of menarche. We conclude that vitamin D supplementation did not have a beneficial effect on skeletal mineralization in girls who were more than 2 years post menarcheal. However, there was a significant positive effect of the intervention on size adjusted total body and lumbar spine bone mineral content and a positive trend in lumbar spine bone area, in girls who were <= 2 years of menarche. 相似文献
65.
Moeen ul Haq S Butt M Ali R Bhattacharya A 《The American journal of hospice & palliative care》2008,25(4):339
Palliative care emergencies such as spinal cord compression require prompt diagnosis and treatment to get the best results. Hospitals dealing with these emergencies need to develop pathways of care for these patients based on best evidence derived from hard data. The authors looked at all spinal cord compressions that presented to their hospital over a 10-year period. The authors found that the commonest day of presentation of this condition was on Mondays and not Fridays as had been widely believed prior to this study. Hospitals are encouraged to look at hard data and not anecdotes when developing pathways of care for their patients. 相似文献
66.
Ambreen Mehmood Awan Wafa Majeed Faraza Javed Bilal Aslam Asra Iftikhar Hafiza Arooj Kanwal Sobia Fiaz 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2022,(2):78-86
Objective:To explore the protective role of Glinus lotoides ethanolic extract in a depression model through modulating oxidant/antioxidant enzyme system and inflammatory status.Methods:Phytochemical constituents of Glinus lotoides ethanolic extract were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively along with HPLC.Rats were divided into six groups.The normal control and the intoxicated groups received normal saline,and the standard group received imipramine,while the remaining groups received 100,300,and 500 mg/kg Glinus lotoides ethanolic extract.All groups received treatments for 14 d.Lipopolysaccharides(LPS)were then administered i.p.(0.83 mg/kg)to all groups except the normal control group.After 24 h,anxiety and depression-like behaviors were evaluated by performing behavioral analysis(open field,tail suspension,forced swim,sucrose preference test),and determining total oxidant status,total antioxidant capacity,catalase,and biochemical parameters[malondialdehyde,glutathione,superoxide dismutase,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-alpha and interleukin(IL)-6].Results:Phytochemical studies confirmed the presence of phenols and flavonoids and HPLC analysis showed the presence of gallic acid,quercetin,chlorogenic,and caffeic acid.Total oxidant status was significantly decreased,while total antioxidant capacity was significantly increased in the Glinus lotoides ethanolic extract treated groups.Moreover,Glinus lotoides ethanolic extract diminished malondialdehyde,IL-6,and TNF-alpha levels,while increasing superoxide dismutase,catalase,and glutathione activities.Conclusions:Glinus lotoides ethanolic crude extract shows significant antidepressant activity by modulating oxidative and biochemical parameters that supports its folkloric use in traditional systems of medicine. 相似文献
67.
Sudha Chaudhari Madhumati Otiv Bharati Khairnar Anand Pandit Mahendra Hoge Mehmood Sayyad 《Indian pediatrics》2013,50(9):853-857
Objective
To assess the cognitive development of non-handicapped low birth weight (LBW) infants at 18 years.Design
Prospective cohort study.Setting
Infants born between 1987–1989 with birth weight less than 2000g and discharged from a neonatal special care unit were followed up till the age of 18 years.Methods
The intelligence quotient (IQ) was determined by Raven’s progressive matrices. Assessment of adjustment and aptitude was done.Results
The cohort of 161 LBW infants was divided into three groups according to their gestation — preterm SGA (n=61), full term SGA (n=30) and preterm AGA (n=70). 71 full term AGA infants served as controls. The IQ of the study group (Percentile 39.3) was significantly lower than that of controls (Percentile 54.9) (P=0.002). Preterm SGA subjects had the lowest IQ (Percentile 35.5), though just within normal limits. Males from the study group had significantly lower IQ than male controls (P=0.03). The IQ of PTSGA subjects of college educated mothers (P=0.004) and belonging to higher socio-economic class (P=0.04) was significantly higher. On the differential aptitude test, PTSGA subjects were poor in speed and mechanical reasoning. The 18 year IQ could be best predicted by IQ at 6 and 12 years.Conclusion
Preterm SGA children have the lowest IQ at 18 years, males have lower IQ. Maternal education and socioeconomic status have great impact on cognitive development. Good prediction of the 18 year IQ can be done by the 6 and 12 year IQ. 相似文献68.
Background
Previous studies performed outside of the US that examined contraceptive knowledge and beliefs in South Asian women identified significant barriers. Our study aimed to further understand these practices in this population residing in the US.Methods
This cross-sectional study surveyed women of all ethnicities receiving health care from either of two ambulatory practices in New Jersey from October 2011 to November 2012. Using chi-squared testing, the frequencies of contraceptive outcomes between South Asians and non-South Asians were compared.Study Design
There were 42 South Asian respondents and 143 non-South Asian respondents. Our results show that South Asians are statistically significantly less likely to routinely use contraception and that gaps in contraceptive knowledge appear to stem from multiple barriers, including family opposition and pressure from spouse or in-laws to have children, cultural prohibitions, fear of side effects and misinformation, lack of education/knowledge about contraceptives and difficulty in accessing contraception. These gaps in contraceptive knowledge were also found to be multigenerational, despite higher levels of education generally seen in the South Asian population.Conclusions
Clinicians caring for South Asian women should acknowledge both the barriers and the lack of contraceptive knowledge in this population and provide culturally competent family planning information to them during all women's health encounters. 相似文献69.
Anwarul‐Hassan Gilani Najeeb‐ur Rehman Malik Hassan Mehmood Khalid M. Alkharfy 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2013,27(7):1086-1094
The aim of this study was to see if the crude extract of Lepidium sativum (Ls.Cr) exhibits species specificity in its antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities along with insight into the underlying mechanisms using the in‐vivo and in‐vitro experiments. Ls.Cr inhibited castor oil‐induced diarrhea in mice at doses (300 and 1000 mg/kg) three times higher dose than for rats. In isolated rat ileum and jejunum, Ls.Cr completely inhibited carbachol (CCh), low K+ (25 mM) and high K+ (80 mM)‐induced contractions, while in guinea‐pig tissues, Ls.Cr caused complete inhibition of only CCh‐induced contraction. In rabbit tissues, Ls.Cr completely inhibited CCh and low K+‐induced contractions sensitive to K+ channel antagonists. Pretreatment of guinea‐pig and rat tissues with Ls.Cr caused a rightward shift in CCh‐induced contractions in a pattern similar to dicyclomine, while in rabbit and rat tissues, Ls.Cr shifted isoprenaline curves to the left similar to papaverine. These data indicate that the antidiarrheal and antispasmodic activities of L. sativum are species dependent, mediating its antispasmodic effect through combinations of multiple pathways including activation of K+ channels, and inhibition of muscarinic receptors, Ca++ channels and PDE enzyme. Rat tissues showed the highest potency. Based on the results, we recommend using multiple species to know the real pharmacological profile of medicinal products. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
70.
The Prokinetic,Laxative, and Antidiarrheal Effects of Morus nigra: Possible Muscarinic,Ca2+ Channel Blocking,and Antimuscarinic Mechanisms
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Anam Akhlaq Malik Hassan Mehmood Abdul Rehman Zohaib Ashraf Sadia Syed Samira Ahmed Bawany Anwarul‐Hassan Gilani Maimoona Ilyas Bina Shaheen Siddiqui 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2016,30(8):1362-1376
Morus nigra Linn. (black mulberry) is used in gastrointestinal ailments. This study demonstrates gut modulatory properties of M. nigra. The prokinetic, laxative, and antidiarrheal activities of M. nigra were assessed in mice, while isolated rabbit jejunum and guinea‐pig ileum were used to explore insight into mechanism(s). At 30 and 70 mg/kg, the crude extract of M. nigra (Mn.Cr) exhibited atropine‐sensitive prokinetic and laxative effects, similar to carbachol (CCh). While at higher doses (100, 300, and 500 mg/kg), Mn.Cr offered protection against castor oil‐induced diarrhea. In rabbit jejunum, Mn.Cr and its chloroform fraction inhibited CCh‐induced contractions more potently compared with high K+ (80 mm ). Conversely, petroleum fraction was more potent against high‐K+‐induced contractions. At 0.01 mg/mL, Mn.Cr caused a parallel shift in acetylcholine concentration–response curves (CRCs) followed by a non‐parallel shift at 0.03 mg/mL, similar to dicyclomine. At further tested concentrations, Mn.Cr (0.1 and 0.3 mg/mL) and petroleum fraction suppressed Ca2+ CRCs, similar to verapamil. In guinea‐pig ileum, Mn.Cr, its aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited atropine‐sensitive gut stimulant activity along with additional uncharacterized excitatory response in the aqueous fraction only. These results suggest that black mulberry possesses prokinetic, laxative, and antidiarrheal effects, putatively mediated through cholinomimetic, antimuscarinic, and Ca2+ antagonist mechanisms, respectively. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献