Motorcycle accidents in Nottinghamshire

This study draws on the motorcycle accident statistics routinely collected in Nottinghamshire,in order to describe the epidemiology of these accidents, and to identify areas in which the routine data might be improved. It was found that fatal motorcycle accidents in the county typically involve young men from Social Classes III M, IV and V, and occur in urban areas late at night. Alcohol is frequently involved and survival following the crash is usually brief. The statistics which are published routinely relate only to those accidents which are reported to the police, and there is marked under-recording of non-fatal accidents. The Coroners Reports provide a rich source of information about accident fatalities, but the reports are not produced in a standard form and shed no light on deaths which might have been prevented by better medical treatment. Routine linkage of the police and hospital records of road accident casualties should be the top priority in the campaign for better accident statistics. Record linkage could also be usefully extended to include data from insurance claims.     

Mitral valve prolapse and sudden death: a case report

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common disorder that, in general, has a good prognosis. Rare occasions of sudden death have been reported in patients with MVP and it is presumed that the basis of sudden death is arrhythmias. We report a case of a 47 years old men affected by MVP complicated by ventricular arrhythmias and sinoatrial block; who died suddenly from ventricular tachycardia. The pathophysiology and risk factors of sudden cardiac death in MVP are discussed.     

易感小鼠花生过敏诱导的中毒反应

花生过敏是造成人ＩｇＥ诱导中毒反应的主要原因之一,本试验组制作Ｃ３Ｈ小鼠动物模型,并给其口服花生蛋白（ＰＮ）及霍乱毒素（ＣＴｘ）,然后在腹腔内注射ＰＮ（溶于明矾中的ＰＮ）,使这种鼠即刻发生高度敏感症状（包括致死性的中毒反应）及花生特异性ＩｇＥ水平增高,血浆息斯地明水平、脱颗粒肥大细胞及血管渗漏水平也大幅度升高。对照组小鼠未给药或仅仅接受了ＣＴｘ,则未显示出花生特异性ＩｇＥ水平升高及中毒症状。本文又分析了几种与中毒反应有关的参数。结果证明,小鼠花生过敏中毒反应与人花生过敏类似,同时小鼠花生过敏中毒反应模型,为研究中毒性免疫病理发生机制及研究更有效的治疗方案提供了一个有用的工具。     

镉中毒肾损害病理学及电子探针X—射线扫描分析

用氯化镉制成亚慢性镉中毒肾损害动物模型,系统地观察了肾脏组织学,超微结构及 Cd~( ),Ca~( )变化。结果表明:近曲小管是镉中毒肾损害最早、最主要的部位,膜性细胞器受损是其超微结构病理改变的特点,胞浆多泡膜层体(MB)、暗黑颗粒及核内包涵体可能是镉中毒性肾损害的特征性病变。肾脏镉含量随染毒时间而进行性升高,但电子探针 X-射线波谱扫描分析肾组织细胞、亚细胞内却未发现游离镉的富集,而胞浆 Ca~( )富集增多,提示以大分子结合形式存在,钙稳态失调与镉毒性肾损害机理有关。     

Intestinal T cell lymphoma in coeliac disease. A case report

Primary intestinal T-cell lymphomas account for about 5% of all primary gastrointestinal lymphomas and are mostly associated with coeliac disease. Intestinal lymphomas are usually discovered during the 4th to 5th decade and constitute an exceptional complication of coeliac disease. This lymphoma is generally a high grade pleomorphic cell lymphoma with large cells. Our case concerned a 30 year old woman with a history of coeliac disease who developed a gastro-enteromesenteric lymphoma. Anatomopathological and immunohistochemical analysis showed an enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma. We suggest that patients with coeliac disease unresponsive to a gluten free diet or with deteriorating clinical condition be investigated for complications such as enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma. It is also important to avoid this complication by detecting asymptomatic form of coeliac disease that needs a gluten-free diet.     

Exocrine Pancreatic Function among Diabetic Patients in Thailand

Pancreozymin-secretin-stimulated secretion was measured for volume, bicarbonate concentration and total amylase output in 16 noninsulin-dependent patients and 23 age-, sex-, and weight-matched similar control subjects. Another group of 17 insulin-dependent patients was studied using secretin stimulation and the secretory response compared to a similar group of 37 control subjects. Pancreozymin-secretin-stimulated pancreatic function was normal in noninsulin-dependent patients. Abnormal values for at least one parameter of secretion were found in 82% of insulin-dependent patients. Amylase output was low in 35% and bicarbonate concentration was low in 30%. Hypersecretion occurred in 35%. One patient had abnormal values for all three parameters and three patients had two abnormal values. Hypersecretory response to secretin stimulation is considered to be an early finding of pancreatic exocrine dysfunction among insulin-dependent patients. Progressive secretory failure occurs as the pathological process increases, and a decrease in total amylase output becomes the most significant abnormality.     

Candida albicans Adherence to Surface-Modified Denture Resin Surfaces

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate two innovative methods in reducing adhesion of Candida albicans to denture base resins through modification of the surface characteristics of denture resin by incorporation of surface charge and application of a self-bonding polymer on denture resins.
Materials and Methods: Three groups were tested [Group 1: control, pure poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA); Group 2: modified PMMA (mPMMA) with 16% methacrylic acid; Group 3: pure PMMA coated with self-bonding polymer (SBP)]. Twenty resin specimens for each group were polymerized, and four experimental subgroups for each surface type were devised, consisting of 2, 4, 6, and 12 days of incubation in C. albicans suspension. The surface area of adherent C. albicans stained with Gram's crystal violet was examined under a light microscope at 400× magnification. Four areas were photographed on each block, one on each quadrant. The images were analyzed using Scion Image 1.63 software to calculate the percent surface area containing adherent C. albicans . Kruskal–Wallis test and Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) procedure were used to compare the groups.
Results: At day 2, the modified resin had statistically significantly lower levels of Candida than both the control group and the SBP group ( p < 0.036). Both the mPMMA group and SBP group had statistically significantly lower levels of Candida accumulation at days 4, 6, and 12, compared to the control.
Conclusions: The amount of C. albicans adhering to the resin surfaces reduced significantly with modification of surface charge and application of self-bonding polymer. Modification of surface characteristics of polymeric biomaterials is an effective method in reducing adhesion of C. albicans to PMMA surfaces.