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991.
Arfon GMT Powell Joseph EM Crozier Heather Hodgson David J Galloway 《BMC infectious diseases》2011,11(1):21
Background
In 2000, Ringertz et al described the first case of systemic anthrax caused by injecting heroin contaminated with anthrax. In 2008, there were 574 drug related deaths in Scotland, of which 336 were associated with heroin and or morphine. We report a rare case of septicaemic anthrax caused by injecting heroin contaminated with anthrax in Scotland. 相似文献992.
993.
994.
Marlieke Visser Mariska Davids Hein J Verberne Wouter EM Kok Hans WM Niessen Lenny MW van Venrooij Riccardo Cocchieri Willem Wisselink Bas AJM de Mol Paul AM van Leeuwen 《Journal of cardiothoracic surgery》2011,6(1):36
Background
Malnutrition is very common in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Malnutrition can change myocardial substrate utilization which can induce adverse effects on myocardial metabolism and function. We aim to investigate the hypothesis that there is a disturbed amino acids profile in the cardiac surgical patient which can be normalized by (par)enteral nutrition before, during and after surgery, subsequently improving cardiomyocyte structure, cardiac perfusion and glucose metabolism. 相似文献995.
The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features of 18 cases of metastatic tumors to the oral cavity. The files
of patients seen between 1992 and 2009 with oral (soft tissue and jawbones) metastatic lesions were reviewed. Clinical features,
including gender, age, site of the primary tumor, site of metastatic tumor and treatment were evaluated. Patients were 11
males and 7 females, with mean age of 64.6 years. In males, most primary tumors originated in the lungs. In females, the lung
and breast were the most common sites of the primary tumors. The mandible was the main site for the development of the metastatic
lesions and the most common histologic type was adenocarcinoma. Treatment modalities included radiotherapy, chemotherapy and
surgical resection. Metastatic lesions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oral lesions, particularly when
a previous history of cancer is present. 相似文献
996.
Whilst diabetes mellitus is known to have many systemic complications, male infertility, beyond impotence, retrograde ejaculation and hypogonadism, has not been widely recognised to be one of them. Due to the paucity of studies and inconsistencies regarding the condition's impact on semen quality, few fertility specialists consider the condition noteworthy. As a consequence little information exists as to its prevalence amongst infertile men. Recently the prevailing view has been challenged by findings showing that diabetes induces subtle molecular changes that are important for sperm quality and function. Diabetic men have been found to have a significantly higher percentage of sperm with nuclear DNA damage, a factor known to be associated with compromised fertility and increased miscarriage rates. The mechanism by which this diabetes-related sperm nDNA damage occurs remains unknown. The identification of high levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) throughout the male reproductive tract coupled to changes in testicular metabolite levels and spermatogenic gene expression suggest that glycation may play an integral role in oxidative stress which in turn causes sperm nDNA damage. As glycation is a normal consequence of life and has been implicated in DNA fragmentation in a variety of seemingly unconnected conditions, it may constitute a common mechanism for the damage seen in sperm DNA. 相似文献
997.
998.
999.
Saribasak H Maul RW Cao Z McClure RL Yang W McNeill DR Wilson DM Gearhart PJ 《The Journal of experimental medicine》2011,208(11):2209-2216
Activation-induced deaminase (AID) deaminates cytosine to uracil in immunoglobulin genes. Uracils in DNA can be recognized by uracil DNA glycosylase and abasic endonuclease to produce single-strand breaks. The breaks are repaired either faithfully by DNA base excision repair (BER) or mutagenically to produce somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). To unravel the interplay between repair and mutagenesis, we decreased the level of x-ray cross-complementing 1 (XRCC1), a scaffold protein involved in BER. Mice heterozygous for XRCC1 showed a significant increase in the frequencies of SHM in Igh variable regions in Peyer's patch cells, and of double-strand breaks in the switch regions during CSR. Although the frequency of CSR was normal in Xrcc1(+/-) splenic B cells, the length of microhomology at the switch junctions decreased, suggesting that XRCC1 also participates in alternative nonhomologous end joining. Furthermore, Xrcc1(+/-) B cells had reduced Igh/c-myc translocations during CSR, supporting a role for XRCC1 in microhomology-mediated joining. Our results imply that AID-induced single-strand breaks in Igh variable and switch regions become substrates simultaneously for BER and mutagenesis pathways. 相似文献
1000.
Primiano M Friend M McClure C Nardi S Fix L Schafer M Savochka K McNett M 《AORN journal》2011,(6):555-566
Pressure ulcer formation related to positioning while in the OR increases the length of hospital stay and hospital costs, but there is little evidence documenting how positioning devices used in the OR influence pressure ulcer development when examined with traditional risk factors. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to identify the prevalence of and risk factors associated with pressure ulcer development among patients undergoing surgical procedures lasting longer than three hours. Participants included all adult same-day admission patients scheduled for a three-hour surgical procedure during an eight-month period (N = 258). Data were gathered preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively on pressure ulcer risk factors. Bivariate analyses indicated that the type of positioning (ie, heels elevated) (χ2 = 7.897, P = .048), OR bed surface (ie, foam table pad) (χ2 = 15.848, P = .000), skin assessment in the postanesthesia care unit (χ2 = 41.652, P = .000), and male gender (χ2 = 6.984, P = .030) were associated with pressure ulcer development. Logistic regression analyses indicated that the use of a foam pad (β = 2.691, P = .024) and a lower day-one Braden score (β = .244, P = .003) were predictive of pressure ulcers. 相似文献