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101.
Wen-Yu Liu Yao-Ming Chang Sean Chun-Chang Chen Chen-Hua Lu Yeh-Hwa Wu Mei-Yeh Jade Lu Di-Rong Chen Arthur Chun-Chieh Shih Chiou-Rong Sheue Hsuan-Cheng Huang Chun-Ping Yu Hsin-Hung Lin Shin-Han Shiu Maurice Sun-Ben Ku Wen-Hsiung Li 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2013,110(10):3979-3984
102.
Long-Term Enteral Feeding: A Retrospective Comparison of Delivery via Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy and Nasoenteric Tubes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
David E. Fay M.D. Maurice Poplausky M.D. Marcia Gruber R.N. Peter Lance M.D. 《The American journal of gastroenterology》1991,86(11):1604-1609
The use of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes for enteral feeding is widespread, although their superiority to other feeding devices, such as nasoenteric tubes (NET), has not been substantiated. We retrospectively compared clinical outcomes in patients who received enteral feeding via PEG (n = 80) or NET (n = 29) from 1984 to 1988. Mean follow-up was 192 days in the PEG group and 141 days in the NET group. Changes in nutritional and performance status were similar in both groups. Aspiration pneumonia occurred within 14 days of tube placement in 6% and 24% (p = 0.01) of the PEG and NET patients, respectively. With the exception of tube replacement, cumulative rates of minor and major complications (including aspiration pneumonia) were similar in both groups during follow-up. None of the clinical variables that were assessed correlated with the development of aspiration pneumonia. Mortality was similar in both groups. These results suggest that, for long-term enteral feeding, PEG offers no substantial advantages over NET with respect to patient nutrition, performance, or survival. The reasons for the observed difference in short-term aspiration pneumonia rates are unknown, and must be investigated prospectively. 相似文献
103.
Rea IM McKeown PP McMaster D Young IS Patterson C Savage MJ Belton C Marchegiani F Olivieri F Bonafe M Franceschi C 《Experimental gerontology》2004,39(4):629-635
BACKGROUND: PON1, an arylesterase, associated with high density lipoprotein (HDL), protects low density lipoprotein (LDL) against oxidative modification. Common polymorphisms PON1 55 (L/M) and 192 (Q/R) in the PON1 gene associate with atherosclerosis and heart disease. Because long-lived people seem protected from premature vascular death, we conducted a pooled statistical analysis to assess any association between these polymorphisms and longevity in a large combined group of Italian centenarians and octo/nonagenarians from Northern Ireland (NI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Separated DNA was available from 1479 subjects from Italy and Northern Ireland (NI). In Italy 308 centenarians (males 67, females 241, mean age 100.8, SD2.1 years) and 579 young controls (males 347, females 232, mean age 40.7, SD 12.7 years) were included in the study. In NI, 296 octo/nonagenarians (males 92, females 204, mean age 89.8, SD 5.7 years) and 296 young sex-matched subjects (mean age 13.0, SD 1.4 years) had available DNA. PON1 55 (L/M) and 192 (Q/R) polymorphisms were studied using a PCR-RFLP approach. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in PON1 192 genotypes in Italian centenarians compared to younger controls (X(2)= 6.8, df = 2 p= 0.03) and a similar but non significant trend between octo/nonagenarian and young subjects in NI (X(2) = 4.0, df=2, p=0.14). Using logistic regression analysis on the combined Italian and Irish datasets, there was a small survival advantage for centenarian and octo/nonagenarian subjects who were heterozygous for PON1 192 R allele, (OR 1.3, CI 1-1.6; p=0.04 with a stepwise increase for RR homozygous subjects (OR 1.7, CI 1.1-2.6; p = 0.02) compared to QQ subjects. Comparing R and Q alleles there was a survival advantage for octo/nonagenarian/centenarian subjects who carried the R allele (OR 1.3, CI 1.1-1.5; p = 0.007) but there was no sex-specific effect p =0.77) LL, LM and MM genotypes of PON 55 polymorphisms showed similar frequencies in Italy (39.9, 47.0, 13.1%) and Ireland (39.5, 48.6, 11.9%) with no age or sex-related differences. The PON1 192R/Q and PON55L/M loci were in strong linkage disequilibrium with a Lewontin's D' coefficient -0.928 (elderly) and -0.965 (young). There was a significant difference in haplotype frequency of these linked loci in older compared to younger subjects (Likelihood Ratio X(2) = 9.60, df = 3, p= 0.02). CONCLUSION: These data suggest a modest association between the 192R allele and longevity in two very elderly populations in two European countries. Being homozygous for 192 RR further enhances survival advantage but this effect was not found to be sex specific. This finding is of interest because the 192R allele has previously been associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease. On the other hand, the 192R allele shows higher enzymatic activity, using paraoxon as substrate, and we postulate that its role in the metabolism of potentially toxic chemicals or other metabolic pathways may be important in survival to very old age. 相似文献
104.
105.
106.
107.
Otto G. Thilenius MD PhD FACC Dolores Vitullo MD Saroja Bharati MD FACC Julia Luken MD John J. Lamberti MD FACC Constantine Tatooles MD FACC Maurice Lev MD FACC Ian Carr MD Rene A. Arcilla MD FACC 《The American journal of cardiology》1979,44(7):1339-1343
Clinical and angiographic or autopsy data, or both, on three children with a subdivided left atrium (cor triatriatum) and an associated endocardial cushion defect are reviewed. (One child had ostium primum defect, and two had complete atrioventricular [A-V] canal.) A fourth patient demonstrates the difficulties in differentiating subdivided left atrium from supravalve mitral stenosis in the presence of an endocardial cushion defect. The clinical findings are greatly influenced by the endocardial cushion defect. A pressure gradient between the pulmonary wedge and (left or right) ventricular end-diastolic pressures in patients with an endocardial cushion defect indicates pulmonary venous obstruction and should alert one to the possibility of these combined lesions. The exact diagnosis is made with injections of angiographic contrast medium into the proximal and distal left atrial chambers, to document the respective relations of the pulmonary veins, left atrial appendage and A-V valves to these atrial chambers. All three patients with an endocardial cushion defect and a subdivided left atrium had an associated patent ductus arteriosus. The common association of subdivided left atrium with intracardiac, pulmonary venous and aortic anomalies is again demonstrated. 相似文献
108.
109.
J Valty R el Khoury E Chenille J P Carrez A Degroote M C Plainfosse P Maurice 《Archives des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux》1977,70(10):1067-1074
The importance of the echocardiogram in a study of mitral disorders has been analysed by examining 107 echocardiograms set against a clinical examination, an investigation of haemodynamic function (57), left-sided angiography (42), and/or examination at the time of operation (40). This study confirms the great diagnostic value of the echocardiographic findings in mitral stenosis (56 patients): the amplitude DE, the slope EF, the percentage of mid-diastolic closure, the echo from the valves, and the dimension of the left atria (P less than 0.001). This association remains valid if there is mitral incomptence as well as stenosis, or if there is also an aortic lesion, provided all the parameters are used. The degree of stenosis of the mitral orifice cannot be determined with sufficient certainty to allow surgical exploration to be undertaken solely on echocardiographic results, however the patients are selected (sinus rhythm, absence of calcification, mobile valve...). The echocardiographic diagnosis of the 17 cases of mitral incompetence was incomplete (except for rupture of the chords); the volume of the regurgitation is poorly appreciated. 相似文献
110.