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101.
In the laboratory environment where biomaterials are synthesized and their biocompatibility assessed, we find that endotoxin contamination is hard to avoid and must not be ignored. In those relatively few cases where endotoxin was known to be present, it has been clearly shown that endotoxin can significantly affect the biological response observed and hence confound any effect of the material. This short review explains what endotoxin is, how to test for it and remove it and what its effect on the biological response to biomaterials is. We advocate routine testing of endotoxin on biomaterials and of reagents used in experimental evaluation of biomaterials and this should be the responsibility of every scientist to ensure the validity of any biomaterial study. 相似文献
102.
Bécherraz M 《Recherche en soins infirmiers》2005,(80):49-58
This article provides a synthesis and comparison of three hermeneutical studies of the meaning of the experience of comforting in post-operative, general medical and mental health settings (Bécherraz, 2001; 2002e). The article presents the points of divergence and convergence regarding nursing comforting as reported by 36 "recipient-nurse" dyads and 2 single patients (singletons). Through the course of this comparative analysis, comforting appeared to be comprised of four stable dimensions (relational, embodied, social ties and contextual) and one unstable dimension (spirituality). 相似文献
103.
Chvetzoff G Garnier M Pérol D Devaux Y Lancry L Chvetzoff R Chalencon J Philip T 《Journal of pain and symptom management》2005,30(6):528-535
This study aimed to determine factors favoring home death for cancer patients in a context of coordinated home care. A retrospective study was conducted among patients followed up by the home care coordinating unit of the cancer center of Lyon. The main endpoint was place of death. Univariate analysis included general characteristics (age, gender, rural or urban residence, disease), Karnofsky Index (KI), type of care at referral (chemotherapy, palliative care, or other supportive care), and coordinating medical oncologist (MCO) home visits. Significant factors were used in a logistic regression analysis. Of 250 patients, 90 (36%) had home death. Low KI and MCO home visit were correlated with home death (odds ratio, respectively, 2.1 and 3.1). These results indicate that health care support favors home death. A hospital-based home care unit is effective for bridging the gap between community and hospital. MCO home visits offer concrete support to health care professionals, patients, and relatives. 相似文献
104.
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106.
Prendki V Stirnemann J Lemoine M Lohez M Aras N Ganne-Carrié N Larroche C Roulot D Tengher-Barna I Fain O Ziol M 《The American journal of surgical pathology》2011,35(3):337-345
Hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) is a rare life-threatening condition due to uncontrolled macrophagic activation. Liver involvement is constant in HS, characterized by Küpffer cell hyperplasia with hemophagocytosis. Conversely, the specificity, frequency, and clinical significance of this histologic lesion remain poorly investigated. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of this elementary lesion in liver biopsies (LB) to attempt to identify its clinical significance and to investigate its potential association with perforin expression deficiency. Küpffer cell hyperplasia with hemophagocytosis has been systematically searched for in consecutive LBs in a 6-year period. In positive cases, clinical, biological, and outcome characteristics have been retrospectively recorded. The ratio of perforin to CD3(+) lymphocytes was assessed on immunostained LB sections. This histologic lesion was detected in LB of 69 of 5194 patients (1.3%). It was not associated with hepatotropic viral infection, alcohol-related chronic liver disease, or autoimmune chronic liver disease. Although only 36% of patients with this histologic lesion had a complete HS (association of fever, splenomegaly, bicytopenia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperferritinemia, and/or hypofibrinogenemia), almost all patients had similar underlying diseases (human immunodeficiency virus infection, malignant hemopathy, and autoimmune disease) and/or acute ongoing infections (tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus). A decrease of the perforin to CD3(+) lymphocytes ratio was specifically associated with this lesion. Küpffer cell hyperplasia with hemophagocytosis in LB is a rare finding; although it does not necessarily denote a complete HS, it is associated with the same underlying disease and/or infection, with a decrease in intrahepatic perforin-positive lymphocytes. 相似文献
107.
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is the first bariatric procedure in Europe and is becoming more and more popular
in North America. However, the failure rate at 5 years can reach 50%. Although there is still no consensus on revisional surgery,
the trend seems to be in favor of conversion to gastric bypass (GBP) with encouraging results. The aim of this study was to
assess the results, the risks of conversion into GBP after failure of gastric banding. From January 2003 to July 2010, 85
patients had a revisional GBP after failure of LAGB, performed by two experienced surgeons. Post-operative morbidity, functional
results, and weight loss were analyzed. The conversion rate was 2.3%. The mean operative time was 166 min. The mean length
of stay was 5.2 days. The early morbidity rate was 7% and the mortality rate was nil. The mean body mass index (BMI) at the
time of LAGB was 47.2 kg/m2 with the lowest BMI reached at 35. The mean BMI at conversion into GBP was 42.9 and the final BMI after a mean follow-up
of 22 months was 34.8. Of the patients, 57.7% had a final BMI inferior to 35 and 15.3% had a final BMI superior to 40 and
these were super obese and older patients. Super-obesity and advanced age appear to be factors of failure of LAGB and revisional
GBP. However, conversion into GBP currently remains the choice procedure in case of gastric banding failure with satisfactory
results and acceptable morbidity. 相似文献
108.
Anne Saint-Eve Isabelle D��l��ris Maud Panouill�� Fanny Dakowski Sylvie Cordelle Pascal Schlich Isabelle Souchon 《Chemosensory perception》2011,4(1-2):32-41
Many studies deal with the impact of texture on aroma and taste perceptions, but only a few address their temporal evolution during consumption. In order to better understand perception mechanisms, the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of candy texture on aroma and taste perception dynamics using both profile method to obtain global information and the Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) method for dynamic information. Results showed that texture (ranging from liquid to hard gels) influenced aroma and taste sequences perceived during consumption. For example, a hard candy (15% gelatin) was described as having an initial ??butter?? sensation, followed by a ??strawberry?? perception, whereas a soft candy (2% gelatin) was described successively by sour, ??green??, and ??strawberry?? perceptions. Despite the different sensory mechanisms involved in evaluating global or temporal sensations, similar results were obtained by TDS and profile methods concerning perceived intensities of aromatic and taste perceptions. They highlighted a decrease in aroma and taste intensities when firmness increased. To conclude, the additional information obtained with TDS concerning the temporal dimension of perception confirmed the interest of such a method to better understand the dynamics of the phenomena involved in texture?Cflavor interactions. 相似文献
109.
110.
Deficits in autonomic thermoregulatory capacities have been identified in aged humans and animals, but little is known about the effect of aging on behavioral thermoregulation and the potential effect of season. Preferred ambient temperature (T(a)) in a thermal gradient (available T(a)s from 10 to 30 degrees C) was measured in the mouse lemur, a nocturnal Malagasy primate. Male mouse lemurs (40 adults and 40 aged) were studied under short (SP, resting season) and long photoperiod (LP, breeding season). Additionally, daily body temperature rhythm was telemetrically recorded in 30 individuals of both age categories. In adults exposed to SP, a choice for warm climates was observed, with a mean diurnal T(a) of 26 degrees C. Day-night differences in selected T(a) occurred only in animals exposed to SP. In LP, selection of a warm environment did not seem to be a necessary factor for maintenance of normothermia. Aged animals selected warmer T(a)s than adults during the night like during the day, whatever the photoperiod. In relation to changes in body temperature rhythm according to age, aged animals would select warmer environments possibly to compensate autonomic deficiencies. Further studies on age-related changes in hormonal and cellular functions involved in energy balance and thermoregulation will help decipher the causes of insufficient responses to thermal stress observed in the elderly. 相似文献