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Assessment of renal function using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI 下载免费PDF全文
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Long‐Term Trajectories of PTSD in Vietnam‐Era Veterans: The Course and Consequences of PTSD in Twins 下载免费PDF全文
Kathryn M. Magruder Jack Goldberg Christopher W. Forsberg Matthew J. Friedman Brett T. Litz Viola Vaccarino Patrick J. Heagerty Theresa C. Gleason Grant D. Huang Nicholas L. Smith 《Journal of traumatic stress》2016,29(1):5-16
We estimated the temporal course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Vietnam‐era veterans using a national sample of male twins with a 20‐year follow‐up. The complete sample included those twins with a PTSD diagnostic assessment in 1992 and who completed a DSM‐IV PTSD diagnostic assessment and a self‐report PTSD checklist in 2012 (n = 4,138). Using PTSD diagnostic data, we classified veterans into 5 mutually exclusive groups, including those who never had PTSD, and 4 PTSD trajectory groups: (a) early recovery, (b) late recovery, (c) late onset, and (d) chronic. The majority of veterans remained unaffected by PTSD throughout their lives (79.05% of those with theater service, 90.85% of those with nontheater service); however, an important minority (10.50% of theater veterans, 4.45% of nontheater veterans) in 2012 had current PTSD that was either late onset (6.55% theater, 3.29% nontheater) or chronic (3.95% theater, 1.16% nontheater). The distribution of trajectories was significantly different by theater service (p < .001). PTSD remains a prominent issue for many Vietnam‐era veterans, especially for those who served in Vietnam. 相似文献
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Rovnat Babazade Thilak Sreenivasalu Pankaj Jain Matthew T. Hutcherson Amanda J. Naylor Jing You Hesham Elsharkawy Ali Sakr Esa Wael Alparslan Turan 《Journal of anesthesia》2016,30(5):864-872
Purpose
Sciatic nerve block (SNB) is commonly performed in combination with femoral nerve block (FNB) for postoperative analgesia following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Despite the fact that 10–20 % of TKA patients require SNB for postoperative posterior knee pain, there are no existing studies that suggest a model to predict the need for SNB. The aim of our study was to develop a prediction tool to measure the likelihood of patients undergoing TKA surgery requiring a postoperative SNB.Methods
With institutional review board approval, we obtained data from the electronic medical record of patients who underwent TKA at the Cleveland Clinic. A multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the probability of requiring a postoperative SNB. Clinicians selected potential predictors to create a model, and the potential nonlinear association between continuous predictors and SNB was assessed using the restricted cubic spline model.Results
In total 6279 TKA cases involving 2329 patients with complete datasets were used for building the prediction model, including 276 (12 %) patients who received a postoperative SNB and 2053 (88 %) patients who did not. The estimated C statistic of the prediction model was 0.64. The nomogram is used by first locating the patient position on each predictor variable scale, which has corresponding prognostic points. The cut-off of 11.6 % jointly maximizes the sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion
This is the first study to be published on SNB prediction after TKA. Our nomogram may prove to be a useful tool for guiding physicians in terms of their decisions regarding SNB.997.
Shunsuke Tsuzuki Sun Hee Park Matthew R Eber Christopher M Peters Yusuke Shiozawa 《International journal of urology》2016,23(10):825-832
As a result of significant improvements in current therapies, the life expectancy of cancer patients with bone metastases has dramatically improved. Unfortunately, these patients often experience skeletal complications that significantly impair their quality of life. The major skeletal complications associated with bone metastases include: cancer‐induced bone pain, hypercalcemia, pathological bone fractures, metastatic epidural spinal cord compression and cancer cachexia. Once cancer cells invade the bone, they perturb the normal physiology of the marrow microenvironment, resulting in bone destruction, which is believed to be a direct cause of skeletal complications. However, full understanding of the mechanisms responsible for these complications remains unknown. In the present review, we discuss the complications associated with bone metastases along with matched conventional therapeutic strategies. A better understanding of this topic is crucial, as targeting skeletal complications can improve both the morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from bone metastases. 相似文献
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Bernard T. Haylen Christopher F. Maher Matthew D. Barber Sérgio Camargo Vani Dandolu Alex Digesu Howard B. Goldman Martin Huser Alfredo L. Milani Paul A. Moran Gabriel. N. Schaer Mariëlla I. J. Withagen 《International urogynecology journal》2016,27(2):165-194
Introduction
The terminology for female pelvic floor prolapse (POP) should be defined and organized in a clinically-based consensus Report.Methods
This Report combines the input of members of two International Organizations, the International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) and the International Continence Society (ICS), assisted at intervals by external referees. Appropriate core clinical categories and a sub-classification were developed to give a coding to definitions. An extensive process of fourteen rounds of internal and external review was involved to exhaustively examine each definition, with decision-making by collective opinion (consensus).Results
A Terminology Report for female POP, encompassing over 230 separate definitions, has been developed. It is clinically-based with the most common diagnoses defined. Clarity and user-friendliness have been key aims to make it interpretable by practitioners and trainees in all the different specialty groups involved in female pelvic floor dysfunction and POP. Female-specific imaging (ultrasound, radiology and MRI) and conservative and surgical managements are major additions and appropriate figures have been included to supplement and clarify the text. Emerging concepts and measurements, in use in the literature and offering further research potential, but requiring further validation, have been included as an appendix. Interval (5–10 year) review is anticipated to keep the document updated and as widely acceptable as possible.Conclusion
A consensus-based Terminology Report for female POP has been produced to aid clinical practice and research.999.
Near‐IR transillumination and reflectance imaging at 1,300 nm and 1,500–1,700 nm for in vivo caries detection 下载免费PDF全文
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Catherine McManus Matthew Wingo John A. Chabot James A. Lee Jennifer H. Kuo 《World journal of surgery》2016,40(10):2391-2397