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排序方式: 共有244条查询结果,搜索用时 689 毫秒
81.
Forsythe LK Livingstone MB Barnes MS Horigan G McSorley EM Bonham MP Magee PJ Hill TR Lucey AJ Cashman KD Kiely M Strain JJ Wallace JM 《The British journal of nutrition》2012,107(1):126-134
There is increasing epidemiological evidence linking sub-optimal vitamin D status with overweight and obesity. Although increasing BMI and adiposity have also been negatively associated with the change in vitamin D status following supplementation, results have been equivocal. The aim of this randomised, placebo-controlled study was to investigate the associations between anthropometric measures of adiposity and the wintertime serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) response to 15?μg cholecalciferol per d in healthy young and older Irish adults. A total of 110 young adults (20-40 years) and 102 older adults (?≥?64 years) completed the 22-week intervention with >85?% compliance. The change in 25(OH)D from baseline was calculated. Anthropometric measures of adiposity taken at baseline included height, weight and waist circumference (WC), along with skinfold thickness measurements to estimate fat mass (FM). FM was subsequently expressed as FM (kg), FM (%), FM index (FMI (FM kg/height m2)) and as a percentage ratio to fat-free mass (FFM). In older adults, vitamin D status was inversely associated with BMI (kg/m2), WC (cm), FM (kg and %), FMI (kg/m2) and FM:FFM (%) at baseline (r -?0·33, -?0·36, -?0·33, -?0·30, -?0·33 and -?0·27, respectively, all P values 0·01). BMI in older adults was also negatively associated with the change in 25(OH)D following supplementation (β -?1·27, CI -?2·37, -?0·16, P?=?0·026); however, no such associations were apparent in younger adults. Results suggest that adiposity may need to be taken into account when determining an adequate wintertime dietary vitamin D intake for healthy older adults residing at higher latitudes. 相似文献
82.
McKie S Richardson P Elliott R Völlm BA Dolan MC Williams SR Anderson IM Deakin JF 《NeuroImage》2011,58(2):497-507
Aberrant signalling through central 5-HT(2C) receptor pathways has been implicated in various psychiatric disorders but this has not been amenable to experimental investigation in the absence of a valid in-vivo biomarker of functional 5-HT(2C) neurotransmission. One approach is drug-challenge pharmaco-magnetic resonance imaging (phMRI). We have previously shown that intravenous administration of the 5-HT(2C) agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) elicits increases in blood oxygenation dependent signal (BOLD) in regions consistent with the distribution of 5-HT(2C) receptors. In the current study we determined whether BOLD signal responses to mCPP could be blocked by pre-treatment with a 5-HT(2C) antagonist. Healthy male volunteers received oral mirtazapine, 5-HT(2)/5-HT(3) receptor antagonist, or placebo 90min prior to intravenous mCPP challenge phMRI. BOLD signal increases following mCPP infusion occurred in areas known to be rich in 5-HT(2C) receptors such as the substantia nigra, hypothalamus, pallidum and amygdala. These responses were attenuated by mirtazapine pre-treatment. The results suggest that mCPP-challenge phMRI produces reliable patterns of response that are mediated by 5-HT(2C) receptors; these responses may therefore be useful in-vivo measures of 5-HT(2C) function in psychiatric disorders. 相似文献
83.
The optimal management of elderly patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains controversial, as no evidence-based standard of care exists for this unique subpopulation. These patients typically have a poor prognosis and high rates of treatment-related toxicities. Unfortunately, many elderly GBM patients are often excluded from clinical trials. Consequently, the role of chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide for elderly patients is unclear, and these patients are often treated with radiotherapy (RT) alone or palliative approaches following surgical diagnosis. However, there is emerging evidence that healthy and fit elderly patients may benefit from combined modality therapy, and aggressive therapy should be considered. Elderly patients with poor performance scores have historically been offered RT alone when treated, but preliminary data support the use of temozolomide as initial therapy. Moreover, O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation appears to be a predictive marker of benefit from temozolomide. In the future, this molecular prognostic factor may be used clinically to guide therapeutic decision-making for some elderly GBM patients. Nevertheless, other factors that affect quality of life, such as number of trips to the hospital, number of ancillary tests, morbidity of treatment, and treatment costs to the patient and community should also be considered. 相似文献
84.
85.
Whyte MP Greenberg CR Salman NJ Bober MB McAlister WH Wenkert D Van Sickle BJ Simmons JH Edgar TS Bauer ML Hamdan MA Bishop N Lutz RE McGinn M Craig S Moore JN Taylor JW Cleveland RH Cranley WR Lim R Thacher TD Mayhew JE Downs M Millán JL Skrinar AM Crine P Landy H 《The New England journal of medicine》2012,366(10):904-913
86.
The North American Institute of Medicine (IOM) recently published their report on dietary reference intakes (DRI) for Ca and vitamin D. The DRI committee's deliberations underpinning this most comprehensive report on vitamin D nutrition to date benefited hugely from a much expanded knowledge base in vitamin D over the last decade or more. However, since their release, the vitamin D DRI have been the subject of intense controversy, which is largely due to the persistence of fundamental knowledge gaps in vitamin D. These can be identified at the levels of exposure, metabolism, storage, status, dose-response, function and beneficial or adverse health effects, as well as safe and effective application of intake recommendations at the population level through sustainable food-based approaches. The present review provides a brief overview of the approach used by the IOM committee to revise the DRI for vitamin D and to collate from a number of authoritative sources key knowledge gaps in vitamin D nutrition from the public health perspective. A number of research topics are outlined and data requirements within these are identified and mapped to the risk assessment framework used by the DRI committee. While not intended as an exhaustive list, it provides a basis for organising and prioritising research efforts in the area of vitamin D, which may offer a perspective on the major areas in need of attention. It is intended to be of use to researchers, national policy makers, the public health community, industry groups and other relevant stakeholders including funding institutions. 相似文献
87.
88.
This study examined the experiences of legally unmarried, middle-aged and older sexual minority (e.g., lesbian, bisexual) and heterosexual women in planning for future care needs and long-term assistance. A total of 215 women (90 sexual minority women and 125 heterosexual women) 41-78 years of age completed a survey about long-term care planning strategies, including: (1) executing a will; (2) naming a health care proxy; (3) purchasing long-term care insurance; and (4) discussing potential living arrangements with at least one family member. Overall, 18.5% of women reported completing zero of the strategies, and 3.4% reported completing all four. Over half (59%) had completed at least two strategies. Women were most likely to have executed a will (68%) and named a health care proxy (61%). Both sexual minority women and heterosexual women were most likely to have talked to a family member of choice, rather than a biological family member about living with them if they were unable to care for themselves. Currently, serving as a health care proxy was an important correlate for having made long-term care plans and was particularly important for sexual minority women. Women who are not in traditional marriage relationships tend to adopt long-term care planning strategies that legally clarify and establish the nature of their important relationships. 相似文献
89.
Timing of Physical Activity,Apolipoprotein E ε4 Genotype,and Risk of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment 下载免费PDF全文
Janina Krell‐Roesch PhD Anna Pink MD Rosebud O. Roberts MB ChB MS Gorazd B. Stokin MD PhD Michelle M. Mielke PhD Kathleen A. Spangehl MA Mairead M. Bartley MB BCh David S. Knopman MD Teresa J.H. Christianson BSc Ronald C. Petersen MD PhD Yonas E. Geda MD MSc 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》2016,64(12):2479-2486
90.
Mairead M. Bartley Laura Suarez Reem M. A. Shafi Joshua M. Baruth Amanda J. M. Benarroch Maria I. Lapid 《Current psychiatry reports》2018,20(7):50