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41.
Judith A. Maloni RN PhD Ching-Yu Cheng RN MSN Cary P. Liebl RNC BSN Jeanmarie Sharp Maier RN BSN 《Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN / NAACOG》1996,25(1):17-23
The current model for delivery of prenatal care was developed more than 100 years ago. Evidence suggests that this model is no longer appropriate for meeting national health objectives or for meeting the needs of a diverse population of pregnant women. This article provides a historical overview of prenatal care; describes the current system for care delivery and problems associated with it; and suggests strategies for transforming care into an effective, comprehensive model. JOGNN, 25, 17–23; 1996. 相似文献
42.
H. W. Gottfried S. Maier E. Brändle K. Kleinschmidt R. Hautmann 《Der Urologe. Ausg. A》1997,36(5):413-419
Summary
Minimally invasive treatment of urinary incontinence has become a subject of major interest in recent years. We examined the
use of transurethral collagen injection for incontinence treatment. A total of 48 patients were selectet for this procedure
from April 1993 to February 1997 – 26 male patients (19 post-RPX incontinence and 7 post-TUR incontinence) and 22 female patients
(all after previous incontinence surgery) were treated by injection of collagen into the continence region. The whole group
underwent an average of 1.8 sessions, and a mean collagen injection volume of 14.5 ml was delivered per session. Mean follow-up
was 9.2 months. Of the female population, 68.2 % were cured or greatly improved. In the male population only 47.3 % of the
post-RPX patients and 6/7 of the post-TUR patients benefited from the procedure. In males, treatment outcome depends on the
degree of pretreatment incontinence, because all grade III incontinence patients did worse. Therefore we conclude: transurethral
collagen injection is an interesting method in the treatment of urinary incontinence if proper patient selection is assured.
相似文献
43.
Stephan E Maier Sridhar Vajapeyam Hatsuho Mamata Carl-Fredrik Westin Ferenc A Jolesz Robert V Mulkern 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2004,51(2):321-330
Several studies have shown that in tissues over an extended range of b-factors, the signal decay deviates significantly from the basic monoexponential model. The true nature of this departure has to date not been identified. For the current study, line scan diffusion images of brain suitable for biexponential diffusion tensor analysis were acquired in normal subjects on a clinical MR system. For each of six noncollinear directions, 32 images with b-factors ranging from 5 to 5000 s/mm2 were collected. Biexponential fits yielded parameter maps for a fast and a slow diffusion component. A subset of the diffusion data, consisting of the images obtained at the conventional range of b-factors between 5 and 972 s/mm2, was used for monoexponential diffusion tensor analysis. Fractional anisotropy (FA) of the fast-diffusion component and the monoexponential fit exhibited no significant difference. FA of the slow-diffusion biexponential component was significantly higher, particularly in areas of lower fiber density. The principal diffusion directions for the two biexponential components and the monoexponential solution were largely the same and in agreement with known fiber tracts. The second and third diffusion eigenvector directions also appeared to be aligned, but they exhibited significant deviations in localized areas. 相似文献
44.
S Schlegel W Maier M Philipp J B Aldenhoff I Heuser K Kretzschmar O Benkert 《Psychiatry research》1989,29(2):221-230
The relationship between psychopathology and brain alterations, measured by computed tomography (CT), was investigated in 44 depressed patients. Comparisons of ventricle-brain ratio (VBR) between "endogenous" vs. "nonendogenous" subgroups, classified by six distinct diagnostic systems, revealed no significant differences. The VBR and the width of the third ventricle correlated significantly with scores on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Global Assessment Scale, the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale, the Rating for Emotional Blunting, and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, but not with scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety. Item analyses of the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale revealed that retardation-related items were most significantly correlated with ventricular size. The wider diameter of the third ventricle in psychotic patients was associated with higher scores on retardation in the psychotic subgroup, whereas the greater distances of both Sylvian fissures showed no relationship to psychomotor retardation. No significant correlations were found between CT values and anxiety, suicidal impulses, somatic complaints, and sleep disturbances. 相似文献
45.
Decreased prefrontal 5-HT2A receptor binding in subjects at enhanced risk for schizophrenia 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Hurlemann R Boy C Meyer PT Scherk H Wagner M Herzog H Coenen HH Vogeley K Falkai P Zilles K Maier W Bauer A 《Anatomy and embryology》2005,210(5-6):519-523
The brain serotonin-2A receptor (5-HT2AR) has been implicated in both the pathology of schizophrenia and the therapeutic action of atypical antipsychotics. However,
little is known about the 5-HT2AR status before the onset of schizophrenia and before the exposure to antipsychotics. We used [18F] altanserin and positron emission tomography (PET) in a pilot study of 6 individuals suspected to be at elevated risk for
schizophrenia and seven age-matched controls to test the hypothesis that regional 5-HT2AR binding is altered in the prodromal stages of schizophrenia. Distribution volume ratios (DVRs) as a proxy for 5-HT2AR availability were significantly reduced in prefrontal cortex regions of at-risk subjects, implicating early abnormalities
of serotonergic neurotransmission that antecede the onset of schizophrenia. 相似文献
46.
应用放射配体结合法证实大鼠胸腺内存在降黑素特异结合部位,该结合位点可以满足特异结合部位的基本条件:1.低结合容量;2.高亲和力;3.可饱和性;4.可逆性;5.对降黑素高度特异性。此外,该特异结合位点具昼夜节律;亚细胞分布的研究表明以细胞核含量最高,线粒体次之,并具有年龄依赖性降低,以出生时最高。 相似文献
47.
Applications of a rat multiple tissue gene expression data set 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Walker JR Su AI Self DW Hogenesch JB Lapp H Maier R Hoyer D Bilbe G 《Genome research》2004,14(4):742-749
With the sequencing and assembly of the rat genome comes the difficult task of assigning functions to genes. Tissue localization of gene expression gives some information about the potential role of a gene in physiology. Various examples of the utility of multiple tissue gene expression data sets are illustrated here. First, we highlight their use in finding genes that might play an important role in a particular tissue on the basis of exclusive expression in that tissue or coexpression with a gene or genes with known function. Second, we show how this data might be used to explain known phenotypic differences between strains. Third, we show how expression patterns of genes in a genomic interval might identify candidate genes in quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping studies. Lastly, we show how multiple tissue and species data can help researchers prioritize follow up studies to microarray experiments. All of these applications of multiple tissue gene expression data sets will play a role in functionally annotating the rat genome. 相似文献
48.
Helicobacter hepaticus hydrogenase mutants are deficient in hydrogen-supported amino acid uptake and in causing liver lesions in A/J mice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Helicobacter hepaticus, a causative agent of chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma in mice, expresses a nickel-containing hydrogen-oxidizing hydrogenase enzyme. Growth of a hyaB gene-targeted mutant was unaffected by the presence of hydrogen, unlike the wild-type strain, which showed an enhanced growth rate when supplied with H(2). Hydrogenase activities in H. hepaticus were constitutive and not dependent on the inclusion of H(2) during growth. Addition of nickel during growth significantly stimulated both urease (for wild-type and hyaB) and hydrogenase (for wild-type) activities. In a 5-h period, the extent of (14)C-labeled amino acid uptake by the wild type was markedly enhanced in the presence of hydrogen and was >5-fold greater than that of the hyaB mutant strain. In the presence of H(2), the short-term whole-cell amino acid uptake V(max) of the parent strain was about 2.2-fold greater than for the mutant, but the half-saturation affinity for amino acid transport was the same for the parent and mutant strain. The liver- and cecum-colonizing abilities of the strains was estimated by real-time PCR quantitation of the H. hepaticus-specific cytolethal distending toxin gene and showed similar animal colonization for the hyaB mutant and the wild type. However, at 21 weeks postinoculation, the livers from mice inoculated with wild type exhibited moderate lobular lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis with hepatocytic coagulative necrosis, but the hydrogenase mutants exhibited no histological evidence of lobular inflammation or necrosis. 相似文献
49.
Kung FT; Chen WJ; Chou HH; Ko SF; Chang SY 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(8):1649-1653
We report a rare case of early-stage endometrial adenocarcinoma in a 22
year old nullipara with polycystic ovaries undergoing conservative
treatment. Pretreatment evaluation including tumour grade, depth of
myometrial invasion, tumour size, hormone receptor status and flow
cytometric analysis indicated a favourable prognosis. The patient underwent
repeat endometrial curettage and a 6 month period of therapy with megestrol
acetate and tamoxifen. A combination contraceptive pill was then prescribed
to ensure withdrawal of the menstrual cycle thereafter. Now, 1 year after
the last curettage, there is no evidence of disease. During the treatment
period, hysteroscopy allowed for a more precise approach in panoramically
examining the tumour nest in the endometrial cavity, and the subsequent
endometrial response to hormone therapy. Laparoscopy using bulldog clamps
applied to the isthmic portion of the Fallopian tubes prevented i.p. spread
of endometrial tissue from retrograde regurgitation during hysteroscopy.
Laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery resulted in the reduction of abnormal
hypervascularization on the surface of polycystic ovaries postoperatively
but caused a peri-ovarian adhesion complication. It is interesting that
this case posed a unique opportunity to demonstrate the tumour regression
under the assistance of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy.
相似文献
50.
Whether an organism can control a stressful event is often an important variable determining the impact of the event on physiology and behavior. Numerous behavioral and physiological variables are more adversely affected by uncontrollable stress. The present experiment with rat subjects compared the effect of controllable stress (escape conditioning) or uncontrollable stress (yoked control group) vs. home cage controls on total cholesterol, as well as high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low/very-low density lipoprotein (LDL/VLDL) serum cholesterol. Results indicated that both stressed groups had higher total and LDL/VLDL cholesterol levels than home cage controls. No group differences were observed with HDL cholesterol. The escape and yoked control subjects did not differ from each other in any dependent measure. Results are discussed in terms of the probable mediators of stress-induced cholesterol increases, and the fact that these mediators may be insensitive to stressor controllability. 相似文献