Canine tegumentary leishmaniasis in Morada das Aguias (Serra da Tiririca), Maricá, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

This is a report of canine tegumentary leishmaniasis in Morada das Aguias (in the Serra da Tiririca mountain range), Maricá, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. A clinical, serological, and parasitological survey was performed in 83 dogs. Eleven (13.2%) were positive on indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and 30 (36.1%) on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ulcerated cutaneous or mucosal lesions were observed in 18 (n = 83; 21.7%) dogs. Leishmania was isolated from 11 of the animals. The disease occurrence and local occupational characteristics are discussed.     

Low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma of the falciform ligament: a case report

Background  

Low grade fibromyxoid sarcomas (LGFMS) are very rarely seen. They commonly arise from deep soft tissues of the lower extremities. Very few cases of intra-abdominal location have been reported.     

Intraindividual variation in recent stress exposure as a moderator of cortisol and testosterone levels

Intraindividual variation in recent stress exposure and its impact upon cortisol and testosterone was investigated. Over 1 year, 72 young male firefighters completed the Daily Stress Inventories, for 2 shift cycles (16 days), every 3 months. At the end of each 16-day period each participant attended a 1-hr morning assessment session. Saliva samples and blood pressure measurements were taken at 10-min intervals, and at 30 min, a blood sample was drawn. Across the year of assessment, there were significant linear relationships in reported stress and in neuroendocrine activity. In contrast to expectations, as daily stress decreased across the year (p < .008), salivary cortisol increased (p < .001) and testosterone levels decreased (p < .001). Within-subjects comparisons of the sessions with the highest and lowest stress confirmed these linear relationships: Lower stress prior to the assessment session was associated with higher cortisol levels (p < .01). These results, though in contrast to the orthodoxy concerning the association between stress and cortisol, are supported by findings in a number of other studies and may constitute down regulation of cortisol activity following an increment in stress exposure. This research was supported by the Medical Research Council, United Kingdom. We are grateful to the London Fire & Civil Defence Authority for their cooperation.     

Detection of carbamyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency using duodenal biopsy samples

The activity of urea cycle enzymes was assayed in duodenal biopsy specimens obtained from a female infant who presented with neonatal hyperammonaemia. All enzyme levels were normal except N-acetyl glutamate-dependent carbamyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) which was half the mean activity in normal control specimens. A similar deficiency of CPS1 was also shown in duodenal specimens from the patient's mother who became slightly symptomatic after relatively high protein meals and during pregnancy, and had spontaneously modified her diet to one with protein restriction. The patient is growing normally on a dietary regimen similar to that spontaneously adopted by her mother. Urea cycle enzyme activity in the duodenal biopsy material from the controls was similar to that found in the normal human liver and appears to have distinct advantages as a means of assaying for urea cycle defects in patients with hyperammonaemia and their relatives.     

儿童癌症幸存者成年后的慢性疾病

由于治疗方法的进步,近80%的儿童和青少年癌症患者能够长期生存。在美国,约有270000例儿童癌症的幸存者,即每640名20至39岁成年人中就有一名幸存者。大量的幸存者有利于儿童癌症治疗后长期健康结果的研究。现在可以明确的是,化疗和放疗所致的儿童各器官系统损害在临床上可能潜伏多年。为了全面了解治疗儿童癌症而继发的健康问题,重要的是衡量三项长期结果:健康状况、死亡率和患病率。这三项中,关于前两项已有相当好的研究报道。在一项对20227例癌症5年生存者的回顾性分析中,Mertens等发现以下原因导致的超额死亡率具有统计学意义:继发癌症(…     

CORRELATION BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF MITOTIC FIGURES AND THE PERCENTAGE OF Ki67-POSITIVE CELLS IN NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMAS

ＣＯＲＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＴＨＥＮＵＭＢＥＲＯＦＭＩＴＯＴＩＣＦＩＧＵＲＥＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＰＥＲＣＥＮＴＡＧＥＯＦＫｉ６７－ＰＯＳＩＴＩＶＥＣＥＬＬＳ　ＩＮＮＯＮ－ＨＯＤＧＫＩＮ’ＳＬＹＭＰＨＯＭＡＳＨｕａｎｇＧａｏｓｈｅｎｇ；（黄高升）Ｆｅ...     

Effects of hypothyroidism upon the granular layer of the dentate gyrus in male and female adult rats: a morphometric study.

The effects of hypothyroidism upon the structure of the central nervous system of adult rats are poorly understood in spite of evidence that the mature brain is vulnerable to this condition. Existing developmental studies show that the morphological changes induced by thyroid hormone deficiency are related to alterations in neurogenesis. We studied the granular layer of the dentate gyrus under different experimental conditions of hypothyroidism, because in rodents the neurogenesis of the granule cells continues during adulthood. The following groups of rats were analysed: 1) control; 2) hypothyroid from day 0 until day 180 (hypothyroid group); 3) hypothyroid until day 30 and henceforth maintained euthyroid (recovery group); and 4) hypothyroid since day 30 (adult hypothyroid group). Groups of 6 male rats and 6 female rats were analysed separately. The volume of the dentate gyrus granular layer and the numerical density of its neurons were evaluated, so we were able to estimate the total number of granule cells. Because in the experimental groups the volume of the granular layer and the numerical density of its neurons were reduced, the total number of granule cells was decreased. In the hypothyroid and recovery groups the alterations were identical and more striking than in the adult hypothyroid groups. The total number of granule cells displayed sexual differences in all groups studied except in the hypothyroid groups. The present results support the view that thyroid hormone deficiency interferes with the process of cell acquisition by reducing neuronal proliferation and that it also leads to increased cell death. These events underlie the irreversible morphological changes observed in the brain of hypothyroid rats, either during development or at maturity. The referred structural alterations are probably related to the functional deficits observed in this condition.