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排序方式: 共有8144条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Marie-Claude Rousseau Michal Abrahamowicz Luisa L Villa Maria Cecilia Costa Thomas E Rohan Eduardo L Franco 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2003,12(10):1029-1037
Women infected with multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) types seem to be at higher risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, although there is controversy about whether coinfections are associated with lower or higher grades of dysplasia. There is no established risk factor profile for infection with multiple HPV types. We analyzed data from a prospective cohort of 2,075 Brazilian women to identify determinants of HPV coinfection. Cervical specimens were collected for cytology and HPV DNA detection. Data on baseline and time-dependent putative risk factors were obtained by interview. Baseline predictors of HPV coinfection included younger age, greater number of recent sexual partners, a history of condyloma but not of other sexually transmitted diseases, and younger age at first sexual intercourse. In repeated measures analyses, there was a weak positive association between the number of sexual partners in the time interval between two study visits and the risk of coinfection. Our results suggest that the risk factor profile for HPV coinfection among HPV-infected women shares several similarities with risk factors for any HPV infection. 相似文献
82.
Silvia Acosta Gnass Luisa Barboza Dafne Bilicich Pablo Angeloro Walter Treiyer Silvia Grenóvero Juan Basualdo 《Infection control and hospital epidemiology》2004,25(8):675-677
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of nosocomial bacteremias related to the use of non-impregnated central venous catheters (CVCs) when only non-technologic strategies were used to prevent them. DESIGN: This was a prospective study of infectious complications of CVCs placed in intensive care unit (ICU) patients from April 1997 to December 2001. SETTING: The medical-surgical ICU of a tertiary-care, university-affiliated hospital in Argentina. METHODS: We studied all patients admitted to the ICU using non-impregnated CVCs. Maximal sterile barrier precautions (ie, use of cap, mask, sterile gown, sterile gloves, and large sterile drape), strict handwashing, preparation of the patients' skin with antiseptic solutions, insertion and management of catheters by trained personnel, and continuing quality improvement programs aimed at appropriate insertion and maintenance of catheters were employed. RESULTS: During the study period, 2,525 patients were admitted to the ICU. Eight hundred sixty-eight patients had 1,037 CVCs inserted. The number of CVC-related bloodstream infections (BSIs), acquired in the ICU, was 2.7 per 1,000 CVC-days (13 nosocomial CVC-related BSIs during 4,770 days of CVC use). Microorganisms isolated included methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (n = 6), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (n = 2), coagulase-negative methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (n = 2), Escherichia coli (n = 1), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 1), and Enterobacter cloacae (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS: A low rate of catheter-related BSI was achieved without antimicrobial-impregnated catheters. The incidence of CVC-associated bacteremias corresponded to the 10th to 20th percentile range of the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System hospitals for the same type of ICU. 相似文献
83.
Luisa Di Marzio Alfredo Di Leo Benedetta Cinque Donatella Fanini Alessio Agnifili Pasquale Berloco Michele Linsalata Dionigi Lorusso Michele Barone Claudio De Simone Maria Grazia Cifone 《Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention》2005,14(4):856-862
OBJECTIVES: Intestinal alkaline sphingomyelinase, by exerting a major role in dietary sphingomyelin digestion, is responsible for the generation of messengers able to trigger the rapid turnover and apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells. Markedly reduced mucosal alkaline sphingomyelinase activity has been associated with human colorectal neoplasms. The aim of this study was to analyze the alkaline sphingomyelinase activity in feces from healthy subjects and colorectal adenocarcinoma patients and to correlate it with the enzyme activity in intestinal tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The enzyme activity was measured both in the intestinal samples from 12 healthy controls and 51 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma (tumoral and paratumoral tissue) and in the fecal samples of 34 healthy subjects and 29 patients with adenocarcinoma. The relation between sphingomyelinase activity and Dukes' stage, cell differentiation degree, age, and gender was also analyzed. RESULTS: Alkaline sphingomyelinase was significantly decreased (P < 0.001; mean reduction >90%) in tumoral intestinal mucosa of patients compared with controls independently of Dukes' stage and tumor differentiation grade. Interestingly, the enzyme activity in histologically normal paratumoral tissues was statistically lower than control samples (P < 0.001). As occurs in neoplastic tissues, a relevant mean reduction (P < 0.0001; almost 90%) of alkaline sphingomyelinase was revealed in stool samples from tumor patients when compared with controls. CONCLUSION: These findings may have implications for cancer biology and perhaps also for the design of clinical test, thus suggesting that the fecal sphingomyelinase activity could really reflect the human intestinal mucosa enzyme level and could represent a new marker for human colorectal adenocarcinoma, mainly taking into account its early appearance in intestinal neoplasms. 相似文献
84.
85.
Ignacio Ruiz del Olmo Izuzquiza Matilde Bustillo Alonso María Luisa Monforte Cirac Pedro Burgués Prades Carmelo Guerrero Laleona 《Anales de pediatría (Barcelona, Spain : 2003)》2017,86(3):115-121
Objective
To study the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, therapeutic management, and outcome of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in a paediatric population of Aragón (Spain).Material and methods
A retrospective study was conducted on patients under 15 years-old diagnosed with non-tuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis between the years 2000 and 2015. Inclusion criteria: patients with lymphadenitis and positive culture. Quantitative values are shown as mean, rank, and standard deviation, and qualitative data as frequencies.Results
Twenty-seven cases were registered, with a mean age of presentation of 39.9 months (range 10 months–8 years). The mean time between the symptoms onset and first consultation was 1.7 ± 1.1 months. The most frequent location was sub-maxilar in 17/27 cases (63%), on the right side in 59.3%, and size 2.96 ± 1.26 cm. Fistulae were observed in 16/27 cases. Tuberculin test was greater than 10 mm in 7/24 (29.1%). Microbiological cultures were positive for Mycobacterium avium in 14/27 (51.9%), Mycobacterium intracellulare 3/27 (11.1%), and Mycobacterium lentiflavum 3/27 (11.1%). Combined treatment of antibiotics and surgery was given in 16/27 cases (59.8%), medical treatment only in7/27 (25.9%), and surgical exeresis alone in 4/27 (14.8%). Two patients required a new surgery, and one showed severe neutropenia secondary to rifabutin. Only one case (3.7%) suffered from temporary facial palsy as sequel.Conclusions
The most frequent treatment was the combination of antibiotics and surgery. Delay in diagnosis seemed to be responsible for the limited number of exeresis as first option, only one for every seven patients. 相似文献86.
Transient elastography for non‐invasive evaluation of post‐transplant liver graft fibrosis in children 下载免费PDF全文
Tiziana Vinciguerra Andrea Brunati Ezio David Filomena Longo Michele Pinon Fulvio Ricceri Luisa Castellino Antonio Piga Maria Teresa Giraudo Francesco Tandoi Fabio Cisarò Dominic Dell Olio Giuseppe Isolato Renato Romagnoli Mauro Salizzoni Pier Luigi Calvo 《Pediatric transplantation》2018,22(2)
As graft survival in pediatric LT is often affected by progressive fibrosis, numerous centers carry out protocol liver biopsies. Follow‐up biopsy protocols differ from center to center, but all biopsies are progressively spaced out, as time from transplant increases. Therefore, there is a need for non‐invasive techniques to evaluate graft fibrosis progression in those children who have no clinical or serological signs of liver damage. Indirect markers, such as the APRI, should be relied on with caution because their sensitivity in predicting fibrosis can be strongly influenced by the etiology of liver disease, severity of fibrosis, and patient age. A valid alternative could be TE, a non‐invasive technique already validated in adults, which estimates the stiffness of the cylindrical volume of liver tissue, 100‐fold the size of a standard needle biopsy sample. The aims of this study were to evaluate the reliability of TE in children after LT and to compare both the TE and the APRI index results with the histological scores of fibrosis on liver biopsies. A total of 36 pediatric LT recipients were studied. All patients underwent both TE and biopsy within a year (median interval ‐0.012 months) at an interval from LT of 0.36 to 19.47 years (median 3.02 years). Fibrosis was assessed on the biopsy specimens at histology and staged according to METAVIR. There was a statistically significant correlation between TE stiffness values and METAVIR scores (P = .005). The diagnostic accuracy of TE for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis (F ≥ 2) was measured as the area under the curve (AUROC = 0.865), and it demonstrated that the method had a good diagnostic performance. APRI was not so accurate in assessing graft fibrosis when compared to METAVIR (AUROC = 0.592). A liver stiffness cutoff value of 5.6 kPa at TE was identified as the best predictor for a significant graft fibrosis (METAVIR F ≥ 2) on liver biopsy, with a 75% sensitivity, a 95.8% specificity, a 90% positive predictive value, and an 88.5% negative predictive value. These data suggest that TE may represent a non‐invasive, reliable tool for the assessment of graft fibrosis in the follow‐up of LT children, alerting the clinicians to the indication for a liver biopsy, with the aim of reducing the number of protocol liver biopsies. 相似文献
87.
L Filippi P Fiorini M Daniotti S Catarzi S Savelli C Fonda L Bartalena A Boldrini M Giampietri R Scaramuzzo P Papoff F Del Balzo A Spalice G la Marca S Malvagia ML Della Bona G Donzelli F Tinelli G Cioni T Pisano M Falchi R Guerrini 《BMC pediatrics》2012,12(1):144
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Despite progresses in neonatal care, the mortality and the incidence of neuro-motor disability after perinatal asphyxia have failed to show substantial improvements. In countries with a high level of perinatal care, the incidence of asphyxia responsible for moderate or severe encephalopathy is still 2--3 per 1000 term newborns. Recent trials have demonstrated that moderate hypothermia, started within 6 hours after birth and protracted for 72 hours, can significantly improve survival and reduce neurologic impairment in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. It is not currently known whether neuroprotective drugs can further improve the beneficial effects of hypothermia. Topiramate has been proven to reduce brain injury in animal models of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. However, the association of mild hypothermia and topiramate treatment has never been studied in human newborns. The objective of this research project is to evaluate, through a multicenter randomized controlled trial, whether the efficacy of moderate hypothermia can be increased by concomitant topiramate treatment. METHODS: Term newborns (gestational age >= 36 weeks and birth weight >= 1800 g) with precocious metabolic, clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) signs of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy will be randomized, according to their EEG pattern, to receive topiramate added to standard treatment with moderate hypothermia or standard treatment alone. Topiramate will be administered at 10 mg/kg once a day for the first 3 days of life. Topiramate concentrations will be measured on serial dried blood spots. 64 participants will be recruited in the study. To evaluate the safety of topiramate administration, cardiac and respiratory parameters will be continuously monitored. Blood samplings will be performed to check renal, liver and metabolic balance. To evaluate the efficacy of topiramate, the neurologic outcome of enrolled newborns will be evaluated by serial neurologic and neuroradiologic examinations. Visual function will be evaluated by means of behavioural standardized tests. DISCUSSION: This pilot study will explore the possible therapeutic role of topiramate in combination with moderate hypothermia. Any favourable results of this research might open new perspectives about the reduction of cerebral damage in asphyxiated newborns. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN62175998; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01241019; EudraCT Number 2010-018627-25. 相似文献
88.
Outcome of children and adolescents with Down syndrome treated on Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Consortium protocols 00–001 and 05‐001 下载免费PDF全文
Uma H. Athale Maneka Puligandla Kristen E. Stevenson Barbara Asselin Luis A. Clavell Peter D. Cole Kara M. Kelly Caroline Laverdiere Jean‐Marie Leclerc Bruno Michon Marshall A. Schorin Maria Luisa Sulis Jennifer J. G. Welch Marian H. Harris Donna S. Neuberg Stephen E. Sallan Lewis B. Silverman 《Pediatric blood & cancer》2018,65(10)
89.
90.
Victoria Porthé Fernando G. Benavides M. Luisa Vázquez Carlos Ruiz-Frutos Ana M. García Emily Ahonen Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez Joan Benach 《Gaceta sanitaria / S.E.S.P.A.S》2009
ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics of precarious employment in undocumented immigrants in Spain and its relationship with health.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using analytic induction. Criterion sampling, based on the Immigration, Work and Health project (Inmigración, Trabajo y Salud [ITSAL]) criterion (current definitions of ‘legal immigrant’ in Spain and in the literature) was used to recruit 44 undocumented immigrant workers from four different countries, living in four Spanish cities.ResultsThe characteristics of precariousness perceived by undocumented immigrants included high job instability; disempowerment due to lack of legal protection; high vulnerability exacerbated by their legal and immigrant status; perceived insufficient wages and lower wages than coworkers; limited social benefits and difficulty in exercising their rights; and finally, long hours and fast-paced work. Our informants reported they had no serious health problems but did describe physical and mental problems associated with their employment conditions and legal situation.ConclusionsOur results suggest that undocumented immigrants’ situation may not fit the model of precarious employment exactly. However, the model's dimensions can be expanded to better represent undocumented immigrants’ situation, thus strengthening the general model. Precarious employment in this group can be defined as «extreme», as it affects their working and social lives. If these workers continue to be exposed to such precarious conditions, the impact on their health may increase. 相似文献