豨莶脂溶性成分的研究

从豨莶(Siegesbeckia orientalis L.)的地上部分,分离出八个化合物,其中I和I根据理化性质和光谱数据确定其结构为ent-17-acetoxy-18-isobutyryloxy-16(α)-kauran-19-oicacid(I)和ent-17-ethoxy-16(α)-kauran-19-oicacid(II),均为新化合物,分别被命为豨莶酯酸(siegesesteric acid,I)和豨莶醚酸(siegesetheric acid,I)。其余化合物分别鉴定为腺梗豨莶萜醇酸(ent-16β,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oicacid,II),奇任醇(kirenol,IV,β-谷甾醇葡萄糖甙(β-sitosterolglucoside,V),二十一醇(heneicosanol,VI),花生酸甲酯(methyl arachidate,VII)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,VII)。除奇任醇和β-谷甾醇外,均为首次从该植物中分得。     

地西泮、苯巴比妥、普萘洛尔、和西咪替丁对大鼠肝微粒体安定氧化代谢的影响

研究地西泮、苯巴比妥、普萘洛尔和西咪替丁对地西泮氧化代谢的影响及其药酶蛋白的初步分析，应用HPLC，SDS－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和薄层扫描测定地西泮及其代谢物，并对大鼠肝微粒体和酶蛋白进行分离和含量测定，结果表明地西泮，普萘洛尔和西咪替丁使肝微粒体中P－450含量明显降低，地西泮和普萘洛尔明显抑制地西泮C3－羟化活性，大剂量普萘洛尔尚能抑制地西泮N－脱甲基，苯巴比妥明显诱导P－450生成，增强地西泮N－脱甲基和C3－羟化酶活性及分子量为51，000和59，000的电泳蛋白带，而地西泮，普萘洛尔则呈抑制作用，并发现，地西泮N－脱甲基酶活性和分子量为59，000蛋白含量呈线性相关（P＜0．05），而C3－羟化酶活性则与51，000蛋白含量呈线性相关（P＜0．01），因此地西泮C3－羟化代谢可能与51，000的P－450酶蛋白有关，而N－脱甲基代谢则可能与59，000的P－450酶蛋白有关。     

Pharmacokinetics of Controlled Release and Immediate Release Morphine Sulphate Tablets after a Single Dose and Multiple Doses in Chinese Volunteers

健康志愿者１０名，随机交叉口服硫酸吗啡控释片（ＣＲＭＳ）３０ｍｇ（３０ｍｇ×１）和硫酸吗啡普通片（ＩＲＭＳ）２０ｍｇ（１０ｍｇ×２），分别于服药前后各时点取静脉血，用ＧＣＭＳ测定血浆中吗啡含量。以药代软件程序处理，分别求得ＣＲＭＳ和ＩＲＭＳ的Ｃｍａｘ为１９．３８±３．８０和２１．２７±６．２１ｎｇ／ｍｌ；ｔｍａｘ为２．３６±０．３７ｈ和０．５５±０．１６ｈ；ｔ１／２β为３．５３±０．８７ｈ和３．０３±０．７４ｈ，曲线下面积ＡＵＣ为１４５．１５±１７．６５和９３．０８±１６．６５ｎｇ·ｈ／ｍｌ。癌症病人多次口服硫酸吗啡至稳态，ＣＲＭＳ和ＩＲＭＳ的峰浓度分别为２７．４３±０．３３ｎｇ／ｍｌ，２２．６８±０．１６ｎｇ／ｍｌ；谷浓度分别为１９．４５±１．４４ｎｇ／ｍｌ；１８．１４±０．４９ｎｇ／ｍｌ。     

Effects of Diazepam,Phenobarbital,Propranolol,and Cimetidine on Diazepam Oxidizing Isoenzymes in Rat Liver Microsomes

研究地西泮、苯巴比妥、普萘洛尔和西咪替丁对地西泮氧化代谢的影响及其药酶蛋白的初步分析，应用ＨＰＬＣ，ＳＤＳ聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和薄层扫描测定地西泮及其代谢物，并对大鼠肝微粒体和酶蛋白进行分离和含量测定。结果表明地西泮、普萘洛尔和西咪替丁使肝微粒体中Ｐ４５０含量明显降低。地西泮和普萘洛尔明显抑制地西泮Ｃ３羟化活性，大剂量普萘洛尔尚能抑制地西泮Ｎ脱甲基。苯巴比妥明显诱导Ｐ４５０生成，增强地西泮Ｎ脱甲基和Ｃ３羟化酶活性及分子量为５１，０００和５９，０００的电泳蛋白带，而地西泮、普萘洛尔则呈抑制作用。并发现，地西泮Ｎ脱甲基酶活性和分子量为５９，０００蛋白含量呈线性相关（Ｐ＜０．０５），而Ｃ３羟化酶活性则与５１，０００蛋白含量呈线性相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。因此地西泮Ｃ３羟化代谢可能与５１，０００的Ｐ４５０酶蛋白有关，而Ｎ脱甲基代谢则可能与５９，０００的Ｐ４５０酶蛋白有关。     

Sonographic lung surface evaluation in pulmonary sarcoidosis: preliminary results.

The value of sonography in lung diseases such as sarcoidosis is not established. Twelve patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and eight control subjects underwent a sonographic examination using a high frequency probe (7.5 MHz). The normal lung surface showed smooth and regular hyperechoic patterns, respiratory motions, and occasionally minute interruptions with comet tails. All patients with sarcoidosis showed various surface abnormalities, which appeared irregular and rough with coarse interruptions, producing an increase of artifacts. Nodular patterns were found in nine of 12 patients (75%). Sonography also revealed abnormalities not diagnosed by chest radiographs (n = 2). These findings could offer an complementary approach for evaluating sarcoidosis.     

PCR扩增IgH基因诊断眼眶良性淋巴增生病的研究

目的；探索某些眼眶良性淋巴星病向恶性淋巴瘤转变的实质。方法；应用聚合酶链反尖（ＰＣＲ）对１８例病理组织学诊断为 眶良性洒巴增生病的石蜡切片进行免疫球蛋白重链（ｇＨ）基因扩增。结果；３例良性淋巴增生病见Ｉ基因一致性重排，电泳产的见一明显的扩增带（１００－１２０ｂｐ），其余１５例未见扩增产物或呈多克隆带。结论；某些良性淋巴增生病的病例存在病理组织学和免疫组织化学不衣检测到的微小单克隆病变。它提示临床为     

Voices from different places: but why a medical school faculty?

Interdisciplinary collaboration between nursing and medicine is a valued goal, but one which is difficult to achieve. Two nurses who are faculty members in medical schools reflect on their unique roles and how these encompass interdisciplinary research, teaching, and practice.     

A case of subcortical grey matter heterotopia presenting as bipolar disorder.

A case of previously diagnosed bipolar disorder was found to be associated with unilateral subcortical grey matter heterotopia, cortical hemiatrophy, midline shift, and ventriculomegaly on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The patient responded to pharmacotherapy with lithium carbonate and carbamazepine. This case dramatically illustrates the need for neuroimaging in psychiatric patients with apparently "functional" affective illness.     

Distinct autophosphorylation sites sequentially produce autonomy and inhibition of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase

The multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (multifunctional CaM kinase) may be an important mediator for neurotransmitters and hormones that utilize Ca2+ as a "second messenger." We examined the ability of autophosphorylation to convert the multifunctional CaM kinase to a Ca2+/calmodulin-independent (autonomous) form to determine whether autophosphorylation is a mechanism for short- or long-term enhancement of Ca2+ action. As the kinase incorporates phosphate during continuous stimulation by Ca2+/calmodulin, its ability to phosphorylate exogenous substrates becomes increasingly autonomous. Withdrawal of Ca2+ after a critical level of phosphate incorporation is reached leads to a "burst" or rapid increase in Ca2+-independent autophosphorylation. The "burst" of autophosphorylation is distinct from the initial Ca2+-dependent autophosphorylation, however, since it inhibits substrate phosphorylation. Both Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent substrate phosphorylation are inhibited by this autonomous autophosphorylation. Thus, autophosphorylation has a dual role in modulating the activity of multifunctional CaM kinase. It initially enables the kinase to continue phosphorylating substrates after Ca2+ levels decline, but it eventually suppresses this autonomous activity. Tryptic phosphopeptide mapping demonstrates that appearance of phosphothreonine-containing peptides is common to several conditions used to generate an autonomous enzyme. Sequencing reveals the critical "autonomy" site to be threonine286. The inhibitory mode of autophosphorylation involves 3 additional phosphopeptides containing a serine and a threonine residue.