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21.
Lisbeth Brax Olofsson Olle Svensson Ronny Lorentzon Inger Lindström Håkan Alfredson 《Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy》2007,15(5):560-563
Autologous periosteal transplantation (without chondrocyte cell transplantation) for treating traumatic articular cartilage
defects of the patella gives pain relief in uncontrolled clinical studies. To study the whole transplanted area macroscopically
and microscopically, animal studies are motivated. In this pilot study, we reproduce the surgical technique for periosteum
transplantation on human patella to a rabbit model. A full-thickness cartilage defect of the whole patella was created in
eight adult female rabbits. The defect was treated with autologous periosteal transplantation. After surgery, the rabbits
were allowed free activity. This is the difference compared to the treatment in humans, where our group uses CPM for 5 days
and non-weight-bearing for 12 weeks. After 21 weeks, there was a diffuse synovitis in all transplanted knees, and in five
of eight knees there were signs of osteoarthritis in the patello-femoral joint. Histologically, in three animals, small islands
of hyaline cartilage surrounded by fibrocartilage were seen in the transplanted area. In the other five animals, fibrocartilage
was the predominant tissue. In contrast to previous experimental studies using a rabbit model, we did not achieve hyaline
cartilage resurfacing. 相似文献
22.
Kjetil G. Brurberg Ilana C. Benjaminsen Liv M.R. Dørum Einar K. Rofstad 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2007,58(3):473-481
Temporal heterogeneity in blood perfusion is a common phenomenon in tumors, but data characterizing the nature of the blood flow fluctuations are sparse. This study investigated the occurrence of blood flow fluctuations in A-07 melanoma xenografts by using gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA)-based dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). Each tumor was subjected to two DCE-MRI acquisitions separated by 1 hour. The data were processed by Kety analysis and resulted in two E.F images (E is the initial extraction fraction of Gd-DTPA and F is the perfusion) and two lambda images (lambda is the partition coefficient of Gd-DTPA) for each tumor. The E . F images were used to determine the changes in blood perfusion arising in the time between the two imaging sequences. The lambda images were used to control the reproducibility of the experimental procedure. The study showed that DCE-MRI with subsequent Kety analysis is a useful method for detection of blood flow fluctuations in A-07 tumors, and strongly suggested that the peripheral regions of A-07 tumors are more exposed to temporal changes in blood perfusion than are the central regions. 相似文献
23.
Results of pulmonary resection for lung cancer in Norway, patients older than 70 years. 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Hans Rostad Anne Naalsund Trond-Eirik Strand Randi Jacobsen Olaug Talleraas Jarle Norstein 《European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery》2005,27(2):325-328
OBJECTIVE: Surgical resection for lung cancer is the mainstay of curative treatment, but studies regarding postoperative results and long term outcome in the elderly have differed. The purpose of the present study was to assess the early and long-term results of surgical resection in patients more than 70 years of age. METHODS: In Norway all clinical and pathologic departments submit reports on cancer patients to the Cancer Registry of Norway. This investigation included all patients more than 70 years of age resected for lung cancer in the time period 1993-2000. For results of long-time follow-up only patients operated on between 1993 and 1998 were included. RESULTS: A total of 763 patients (541 men) were identified aged 71-87 years. Postoperative mortality rate was 9%, highest after bilobectomy and pneumonectomy. The most commonly reported causes of postoperative death were pneumonia and cardiac complications. The majority of patients had tumor categorized as clinical stage (cStage) Ia and Ib. More than 100 in each of these groups proved to have more advanced disease postoperatively (pStage). The 5-year relative survival rate was significantly better in patients with disease in pStage I compared to higher stages. Women had a significantly better 5-year survival rate compared to men, 62.8 and 35.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Lung cancer surgery appears to be a relatively safe procedure even in the elderly. There is a high postoperative mortality after bilobectomy and pneumonectomy. However, when old people survive the postoperative period the long term prognosis seems favorable. 相似文献
24.
Marie Louise Hall-Lord PhD RNT Bodil Wilde Larsson PhD RNT Carina Bth MsC RN Inger Johansson PhD RNT 《Journal of Orthopaedic Nursing》2004,8(4):76
The aims were to investigate: (1) experiences of physical pain in elderly patients with hip fracture; (2) if background variables, confusion, experiences of pain and distress and interventions aimed at reducing pain and distress, functional ability, pain in the ambulance, and type of fracture varied between patients with more intense physical pain and patients with less intense physical pain. The sample included 49 patients, 70 years or older, with hip fracture. Structured instruments were used to interview and observe the patients on four occasions during the hospital stay. The patients’ experiences of physical pain decreased during the hospital stay. Physical pain at rest was lower than pain with movement. Patients who scored physical pain as more intense (group B) during the visit to the hospital had significantly more unfavourable experiences in the sensory, emotional, and existential dimensions the day before discharge from the hospital compared with the patients who scored pain as less intense (group A). The patients in group B perceived the interventions as less favourable than group A. Furthermore, group B had more intense physical pain in the ambulance than the patients in the other group. More patients in group B than in group A had additional health problems. 相似文献
25.
Supportive treatment of patients with haematological disorders mainly takes the form of transfusions of blood and platelets,
and sometimes palliative chemotherapy is given. Most patients are treated in hospital or at the outpatient clinic. However,
it is often difficult for the patients to arrange to come to the hospital, as they need transport by ambulance or taxi and
sometimes a relative to help them. Throughout 1996 we offered such patients supportive treatment at home. A nurse was employed
on the project, who was supplied with a car and a mobile telephone. Treatment was given at home. In all, 17 patients were
treated, with a total of 90 blood and 40 platelet transfusions. At three visits chemotherapy was administered. No complications
were seen, and the patients felt safe and content. We conclude that supportive treatment at home is safe and well accepted
by patients and their relatives. In addition, the costs for transportation and hospital care of this patient group were reduced. 相似文献
26.
Background
January 1, 2002, copayment for outpatient female sterilization in Norwegian public hospitals increased from 33 euros to 750 euros after a revision of the health care system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the new copayment system on female sterilization epidemiology. 相似文献27.
A paleopathological maxilla and mandible with tooth agenesis were analyzed, focussing on the aetiology of the condition. The jaw material, derived from an adult mediaeval male, was examined by standard anthropological analyses, including radiography. In the maxilla there was agenesis of three permanent incisors and one premolar, and in the mandible of one permanent incisor and two permanent molars. Absence or marked reduction of the incisive foramen and the nasopalatine canal was found. The pattern of tooth agenesis was similar to the pattern observed in contemporary individuals, except for the agenesis of one permanent maxillary centreal insisor. It is suggested that the pronounced lack of the premaxillary area of the nasopalatine canals and the incisive foramen. As the condition can be ascribed to deviations in the prenatal developments, this investigation shows that embryological developmental patterns, which form the basis for the pattern of tooth agenesis, should be taken into account when evaluation dry bonde patholgy. 相似文献
28.
Dr. Nancy E. Winslade Pharm.D. Dr. Linda. M. Strand Ph.D. Dr. John. A. Pugsley Pharm.D. Dr. Don. G. Perrier Ph.D. 《Pharmacotherapy》1996,16(5):889-898
Pharmaceutical care is a concept outlining the responsibilities of individual pharmacists to individual patients. Although widely accepted on a philosophical basis, there is a lack of comprehensive information about the functions and responsibilities pharmacists undertake when providing pharmaceutical care. Pharmacy educators and practitioners at the faculty of pharmacy, University of Toronto, developed and informally tested a process that details the practice functions required of pharmacists when providing pharmaceutical care as originally defined. 相似文献
29.
30.
Molecular typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: can PCR replace pulsed-field gel electrophoresis? 下载免费PDF全文
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is considered the "gold standard" for molecular typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the method is time-consuming and expensive, and its discriminatory power may not be necessary in outbreak situations. We used a rapid multiplex PCR-based method with published primers and compared the results with those obtained by PFGE. A total of 75 clinical isolates were typed: 59 strains originated from our prospectively collected clinical strains and were epidemiologically unrelated; 16 strains came from an outbreak that was epidemiologically well defined in time and space. A primer mix of the spa gene, the coa gene, and the hypervariable region adjacent to mecA gene was used for multiplex PCR. Both PFGE and PCR clustered the 75 strains into 41 different genotypes. Concordance of the results was 100% for strains originating from the outbreak. Overall, both methods produced concordant results in 72% of cases. A total of 16% were clustered together by PFGE, but not by PCR and 12% were clustered together by PCR but not by PFGE, respectively. The turnaround time was only 8 h for PCR but 5 days for PFGE. This PCR-based method is excellent for rapid and inexpensive typing of MRSA in an outbreak setting, but the discriminatory power and reproducibility are still insufficient to replace PFGE in longitudinal studies in the endemic setting. 相似文献