Another CT sign of sinonasal polyposis: truncation of the bony middle turbinate

In order to study the features of sinonasal polyposis (SNP) on CT, 100 consecutive coronasal sinus CT examinations done for chronic inflamamtory sinonasal disease were reviewed. The CT findings of the 27 fully documented SNPs were analyzed. All our SNPs were bilateral. There was a strong tendency for extensive involvement. Nasal polyps were seen in 22 of 27 (81%); bony trabecular deossification in 23 of 27 (85%); widening of infundibulum in 26 of 27(96%). We discovered a new sign truncation of the bony middle turbinate, where the bulbous part of bony middle turbinate was missing, in 51 of 26 (58 %) of SNP patients without a previous history of middle turbinectomy, 12 of 15(80%) were bilateral. The one SNP patient (1 of 27) with previous middle turbinectomy was not regarded to be real truncation. Truncation of the bony middle turbinate is a characteristic and easily recognizable ancillary sign, and is not seen in other patterns of sinusitis. Together with other features on coronal sinus CT, this adds diagnostic confidence in diagnosing sinonasal polyposis. Correspondence to: E. Y. Liang     

Indolinone tyrosine kinase inhibitors block Kit activation and growth of small cell lung cancer cells

Six indolinone tyrosine kinase inhibitors were characterized for their ability to inhibit Kit kinase and for their effects on the growth of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines. All of the six compounds were potent inhibitors of Kit kinase in a biochemical assay. A homology model of compound binding to the ATP binding site could account for the increased potency observed with the addition of a propionate moiety to the indolinone core but not the increase observed with addition of a chloride moiety. Although all of the compounds tested were potent in the biochemical assay, several exhibited significantly less potency in cellular kinase assays. Their effects on stem cell factor (SCF)-dependent Kit autophosphorylation and SCLC cell growth were also examined. Inhibition of SCF-stimulated Kit activation and cell growth in the H526 cell line was dose-dependent. At concentrations that inhibited SCF-stimulated H526 cell growth, there was little effect on insulin-like growth factor-1-stimulated growth, suggesting that these compounds exhibit reasonable selectivity for inhibition of Kit-mediated proliferation. Higher doses of the compounds were needed to inhibit serum-stimulated growth. Of the six compounds examined, SU5416 and SU6597 demonstrated the best cellular potency and, therefore, their effect on the growth of multiple SCLC cell lines in serum-containing media was examined. In addition to inhibiting proliferation, these compounds also induced significant cell death of several SCLC cell lines, but not of normal human diploid fibroblasts, in complete media. These observations suggest that Kit kinase inhibitors such as these may offer a new approach for inhibiting Kit-mediated proliferation of tumors such as SCLC, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, seminomas, and leukemias.     

Expression of erbB/HER receptors, heregulin and p38 in primary breast cancer using quantitative immunohistochemistry

The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of expression of the erbB/HER family of growth factor receptors, their ligand heregulin, and the two different signaling pathways p38 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), as well as the status of HER-2 phosphorylation in tumor specimens from patients with primary breast cancer. The level of expression of these proteins was measured by quantitative immunohistochemistry combined with microscope-based image analysis in paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissue from 35 patients. The frequency of expression was: EGFR (51%), HER-2 (54%), P-HER-2 (48%), HER-3 (48%), HER-4 (57%), heregulin (48%), p38 (17%), MAPK (48%). There was evidence of associations among the coexpression of heregulin, EGFR, HER-2, and HER-3. Also, there was evidence of a positive association between P-MAPK and HER-4. HER-3 was expressed at high levels in patients younger than 50 years of age. There was a trend for expression of higher levels of HER-4 in tumors larger than 2 cm. The expression of EGFR, HER-2, heregulin, p38 and MAPK was independent of age, tumor size, number of lymph nodes involved or hormone receptor status. The HER family of growth factor receptors appear to be regulated independently in invasive breast cancer. Assessing the expression of multiple tumor markers by quantitative immuno-histochemistry is feasible. Further research is needed to determine the prognostic and predictive roles of the various associations between HER receptors, their ligands and signal transduction molecules in patients with early-stage breast cancer.     

玉米浆用量、渗透压和耗糖速率对甘油发酵的影响

Candida krusei发酵生产甘油过程中,菌体生长由玉米浆限制,菌体对玉米浆的得率为1．63g/g,培养其中玉米浆浓度相同时,增加渗透压或通过流加补料限制生长阶段的菌体生长,可使甘油生产阶段的比耗糖速率减慢,比耗糖速率保持在不很高的水平,可以因消耗的葡萄糖用于生长,维持,甘油和副产物形成所占比例的变化而提高甘油得率。     

膝骨关节病的关节镜诊断治疗

目的 通过对79例84膝骨关节病的关节镜诊断治疗回顾性总结,探讨高效率、创伤小、疗效佳的方法。方法 采用关节镜微创技术,结合术前检查对膝骨关节病分为：软骨破坏型,滑膜类型,游离体型及半月板型,依此施行有针对性,局限化手术治疗。结果 69膝得到6mo-3a的随访,按膝关节综合评分表评分,优20％,良59％,可和差21％。结论 该方法具有创伤小、康复快、并发症少等优点,在病损严重的病例,全膝置换或截骨术是进一步提高总体疗效的适宜选择。     

Another look at differences in the susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to cephalothin and cefazolin

The significance of in vitro susceptibility tests on Enterobacteriaceae to cephalothin and cefazolin has not been exactly defined in the guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. In the hope of clarifying this confusion, we provide additional information from an ancillary study of the Taiwan Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance 1998 (TSAR I). There were 505 Escherichia coli and 227 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates susceptible to cephalothin, reported by 42 participating hospitals. The susceptibility of these isolates were re-tested at the Microbial Infections Reference Laboratory using cefazolin, with the result that 72% of the 252 cephalothin-resistant E. coli isolates and 24% of the 41 cephalothin-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were found to be susceptible to cefazolin. We further surveyed the availability of cephalothin and cefazolin in Pharmacy Departments; all of the TSAR I hospitals had cefazolin available in their pharmacies. The resistance rate of E. coli was significantly lower for 12 hospitals that had cefazolin in both pharmacy and laboratory compared with 11 hospitals that had cefazolin available in pharmacy but cephalothin in laboratory. In addition, for all the hospitals that had cephalothin available for clinical use, the resistance rate was twice as low in two hospitals reporting cefazolin susceptibility as in the seven hospitals reporting cephalothin susceptibility. Our findings suggest that inappropriate selection of cephalothin and cefazolin for susceptibility testing contribute to inaccurate indications of in vivo activity for first generation cephalosporins in the treatment of E. coli infections.     

复方碳酸钙泡腾颗粒剂处方筛选及溶出度考察

目的对复方碳酸钙颗粒剂的处方组成进行筛选,并考察制剂中钙元素累积溶出度。方法以颗粒剂干燥失重(%)为指标,均匀试验设计法筛选出复方碳酸钙颗粒剂处方中乳糖、山梨醇、PVP等辅料用量。以钙尔奇D为对照,原子吸收分光光度法测定钙离子浓度,转篮法比较了2种药物中钙元素在不同生理盐水和稀盐酸液中的累积溶出度。结果碳酸钙泡腾颗粒剂的最佳处方组成为乳糖∶PVP∶山梨醇=70∶5∶10;颗粒剂与钙尔奇D片在生理盐水中的钙累积溶出参数T     

介入治疗在中晚期妇科恶性肿瘤中应用的临床研究

目的 探讨术前介入治疗在手术困难的中晚期妇科恶性肿瘤患者治疗中的应用价值。方法 选择６９例中晚期妇科恶性肿瘤患者行术前介入治疗。以阿霉素、表阿霉素、卡铂、氮芥进行灌注化疗;部分病例在灌注化疗（２／３量抗癌药物）后用携带有抗癌药物（１／３量）的明胶海绵颗粒栓塞肿瘤供血动脉。结果 ３５例宫颈癌中,２０例（２０／２０）Ⅱｂ期,９例（９／１１）Ⅲａ期,２例（２／４）Ⅲｂ期,经１～２次介入治疗后可顺利手术切除;１５例Ⅱｂ期宫体癌,１８例卵巢癌介入治疗后盆腔肿块明显缩小,３周后行肿瘤根治术;手术标本病理切片见大量坏死组织及淋巴细胞浸润;１例侵蚀性葡萄胎（Ⅲｂ期）并腹腔大出血患者经介入治疗后痊愈。结论 对手术困难的中晚期妇科恶性肿瘤患者术前实施介入治疗可有效地杀灭肿瘤细胞,使部分病例临床分期得到逆转从而获得手术机会,为进一步     

腭裂儿童ABR表现的初步研究

目的探索腭裂儿童听力受损情况及其听性脑干反应(ABR)异常特征。方法对94例腭裂儿童进行ABR测试,并与正常对照组进行比较。结果94例患儿(188耳)中,不同程度的听力下降共150耳。患儿左耳ABR波Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ的峰潜伏期(PL)分别为2.14±0.38、4.30±0.41、6.20±0.53ms;右耳分别为2.12±0.39、4.29±0.44、6.21±0.53。对照组左耳波Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ的峰潜伏期分别为1.50±0.13、3.74±0.12、5.60±0.15ms;右耳分别为1.60±0.16、3.72±0.13、5.62±0.17ms。上述所有数据,患儿组与对照组比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。＜3岁的28例听力下降的发生率为94.6%(53/56耳),中重度异常占66.7%;3～6岁的发生率为77.0%(57/74耳),6岁以上至12岁的发生率为69.0%(40/58耳),3岁以后听力中重度异常仅占33.3%。结论腭裂组听力下降发生率高达79.8%;其ABR的特点为波Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波的峰潜伏期均延长;腭裂组年龄越小的,听力损害发生率越高,听力损害程度越重。     

Residual mesenchyme in the middle ear cavity of the newborn with malformation of the kidney

Microscopic sections of 37 temporal bones from 22 foetuses were examined, five with renal agenesis, six with Potter's sequence without renal agenesis and two with mild kidney pathology. Every tenth section containing the stapes were used for measuring the volume of mesenchymal tissue in the middle ear cavity. At 5% significance level, foetuses with serious renal pathology had more mesenchymal tissue in the middle ear cavity than a control group of nine foetuses with no renal or urinary tract abnormality.