大学生应对方式研究

介绍了大学生应对方式研究现状．重点阐述了大学生常用的应对方式、影响因素及应对方式对大学生心理健康的影响。     

动脉波形分析计算心排出量及临床应用

动脉波形分析技术用于测量心排出量(arterial pressure-based cardiac output,APCO)和每搏输出量变异指数(stroke volume variation,SVV)是一项新的微创血流动力学技术,它能够连续通过对外周动脉的波形特征结合患者的基本信息(年龄、性别、身高、体重等)进行分析测定心排出量(CO),并且不需要通过其他方法来校准.临床上已经显示出可以接受的准确性和良好的即时性和方便性,但也存在一定的局限性,如在一些心脏疾病如主动脉返流、二尖瓣返流或给予α1受体激动药,APCO并不能准确反映心排血量.     

肝素膀胱灌注治疗间质性膀胱炎

目的　观察肝素膀胱灌注治疗间质性膀胱炎的疗效。　方法　 17例间质性膀胱炎患者 ,均为女性。平均年龄 35岁。平均病程 2 7个月。临床表现主要为尿频及膀胱区疼痛。膀胱镜检见黏膜下点状出血 15例 ,Hunner溃疡 2例。按O’Leary Sant间质性膀胱炎症状评分 (ICSI) 8～ 18分 ,平均 (13.4± 3.5 )分 ;问题评分 (ICPI) 3～ 12分 ,平均 (8.2± 3.4 )分。所有患者均使用肝素钠 10 5U膀胱灌注 ,每周 3次 ,疗程 4周。观察治疗后患者症状改善情况。　结果　 17例患者随访 3～ 12个月 ,平均 6个月 ,症状缓解 14例 ,其中症状显著缓解或消失 9例 ,评分下降 7分 ;症状部分缓解 5例 ,评分下降 >3分 ;无效 3例。 2例于治疗 7个月及 9个月症状复发。有效率 82 %。治疗后 1、2个月ICSI分别降至 (6 .1± 3.4 )、(6 .3± 3.5 )分 ,ICPI分别降至 (3.5± 2 .9)、(3.6± 2 .7)分 ,治疗前后比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。治疗期间发生一过性尿道灼痛者 2例 ,轻微肉眼血尿 1例。　结论　肝素膀胱灌注治疗可有效缓解间质性膀胱炎患者症状 ,提高生活质量。     

Anatomic and spiral computed tomographic study of the genial tubercles for genioglossus advancement.

OBJECTIVE: To measure and compare Chinese mandibular genial tubercles measured anatomically and with computed tomography (CT). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Spiral CT scans were taken of 40 adult human skulls; the superior genial spines were measured using anatomic and CT methods. RESULTS: The height and width of the superior genial spines, mandible thickness, and distance from the menton to the inferior and superior margins of the superior genial spines were 5.82 +/- 0.71, 6.98 +/- 1.35, 11.95 +/- 1.59, 11.08 +/- 2.05, and 16.91 +/- 2.30 mm from anatomic measurements and 6.17 +/- 0.71, 7.01 +/- 1.13, 12.19 +/- 1.64, 10.41 +/- 1.55, and 15.73 +/- 2.12 mm using spiral CT, respectively. The anatomic and CT measurements were correlated. CONCLUSION: Spiral CT of the genial tubercles can help locate the osteotomy in genioglossus advancement. SIGNIFICANCE: This study acquired reference data on Chinese genial tubercles demonstrating that CT measurements of the genial tubercles reflect their anatomy, which should allow accurately locate the osteotomy.     

广东省台山市农村妇女预防艾滋病“面对面”宣传教育效果评价

农村居民对艾滋病认知水平的高低，对控制艾滋病流行，消除恐惧、偏见和歧视具有重要的意义。妇女是受艾滋病威胁的重点人群，监测数据显示，我国女性艾滋病感染者比例已从上世纪90年代初的5：1上升到目前的2：1，甚至是局部地区的1：1。广东省台山市是全国艾滋病综合防治示范区，根据全国妇联、卫生部关于在示范区对妇女开展“面对面”宣传教育的通知。于2006年4～5月,市妇联与市健康教育所联合到各重点镇举办了8场妇女预防艾滋病知识“面对面”宣传教育活动。为了解宣传教育活动的效果，市健康教育所进行了本次调查，结果如下。     

小儿糜烂性口腔炎病毒病因及干扰素对病毒的抑制作用

本文研究了小儿糜烂性口腔炎的病毒病因,用人胚肾细胞及Hep—2细胞分离病毒,26例患儿有21例阳性(80.7％),从中取五株病毒进行鉴定,细胞病变特点属疱疹病毒,且均可被抗HSV—I抗体中和,结果表明HSV—I是本病的主要病原。体外实验证明,白细胞干扰素对新分离的HSV—I有较强的抑制病变作用,2.4～2.9Iu/ml白细胞干扰素即可抑制病毒的50％CPE。临床上试用干扰素局部治疗必获得显著的疗效。     

双酚胺酸对小鼠和大鼠氯化镍解毒及分布的影响

AIM: To study the effect of catecholamic acid (CBMIDA) on detoxication of NiCl2. METHODS: Mice and rats were injected s.c. or i.m. CBMIDA immediately after i.p. NiCl2. Each mouse was injected i.p. CBMIDA after i.v. 63NiCl2 185 kBq, and radioactivities of various tissues were measured with liquid scintillation counter at 24 h. The localization of 63Ni was shown by the whole-body autoradiography. RESULTS: CBMIDA s.c. 0.5-1.5 g.kg-1 markedly reduced the mortality from acute poisoning of i.p. NiCl2 500 mg.kg-1. After i.p. NiCl2 in mice, the LD50 was 82.7 mg.kg-1. Mice were injected s.c. CBMIDA 1.5 or 2.5 g.kg-1 after Ni poisoning, the LD50 of NiCl2 were raised to 789 or 820 mg.kg-1, respectively. The LD50 of NiCl2 was 39 mg.kg-1 in rat. If CBMIDA was injected i.m. 0.5 g.kg-1 after i.p. NiCl2, the LD50 was 332 mg.kg-1. CBMIDA 1.5 g.kg-1 i.m. after i.v. 63NiCl2, decreased the contents of 63Ni in blood and lung of mice vs control mice at 24 h. The contents of 63Ni in brain, heart, spleen, and kidney were similar to those of the control mice. The content of 63Ni in bone was more than the control. The excretions of 63Ni through urine and feces were not increased by CBMIDA at 24 h. The whole-body autoradiography showed that the radioactivity was highly localized in the kidney, lung, and Harder's gland. There was a moderate level of 63Ni in the liver, bone, skin, and blood. A pronounced accumulation occurred in the bone. There was a marked reduction of 63Ni in the lung, skin, liver, and blood after i.p. CBMIDA. CONCLUSION: The CBMIDA markedly raised the survival rate of nickel-poisoned mice and rats, and decreased 63Ni levels in lung and blood.     

盐酸二甲双胍治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病疗效评价

为比较盐酸二甲双胍和糖适平对Ⅱ型糖尿病的治疗效果，通过３３例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者服用二甲双胍和３５例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者服用糖适平，观察４ｍｏ后发现二甲双胍在降低血糖、２４ｈ尿糖定量，降低血脂及逆转外周神经病变方面有显著疗效。但二甲双胍不能升高血浆Ｃ—肽水平，不能降低２４ｈ尿蛋白质定量。如能将二甲双胍和糖适平联合应用将会提高疗效，减轻副作用。     

冠心病中血糖与血清微量元素间的关系分析

对７５例冠心病患者依血糖水平分两组，进行１２种血清微量元素测定，旨在探讨微量元素与冠心病及糖尿病间的相互关系。结果发现锌、铬、锰、硒、钴元素高血糖组较对照组血清水平为低，呈非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０ｌ）；铜、镍元素增高，差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）；而锶、铁、砷、铅、铝元素两组间无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．１）。表明部分微量元素与冠心病及血糖间存在着密切联系。