超声引导下臂丛复合肋间臂神经阻滞在肱骨内上髁骨折手术中的应用

目的 探讨臂丛神经阻滞+肋间臂神经阻滞在肱骨内上髁骨折手术中的临床效果.方法 将本院收治的需要进行肱骨内上髁骨折手术的患者60例,随机分为试验组和对照组,各30例,试验组患者麻醉方式选择臂丛神经阻滞+肋间臂神经阻滞,对照组选择臂丛神经阻滞的麻醉方式;以针刺法测定手术切口感觉阻滞效果并记录,注药后30min评价阻滞完善成功率.结果 对照组患者在手术中有7例需辅助静脉镇痛药,11例需要改为全麻,其余阻滞完善;试验组患者的麻醉效果良好,25例阻滞完善,4例需辅助静脉镇痛药,l例最后改为全麻完成手术;两组均未观察到局麻药中毒、气胸等并发症.结论 超声引导臂丛复合肋间臂神经阻滞可以安全地运用于肱骨内上髁的骨折,麻醉效果显著,可以在临床麻醉中进行推广.     

Expert consensus on treating esophageal stenosis in children by magnetic recanalization

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IgG4 and IgE co-positive group found in idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease

AIM: To reveal the cytokines involved in idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease (IOID) and the relationship between Th17 cells, IgE and IOID pathogenesis. METHODS: Whole blood samples were processed immediately after collection and serological IgG4, IgG, and IgE antibodies were tested using ELISA. IOID and orbital cavernous hemangioma (CH) tissue samples underwent Bio-Plex multiplex cytokine detection. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining of all paraffin samples suggested the histological features of IOIDs, and expressions of IgG4 and IL-17A in affected tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Among 40 IOID plasma samples, 52.5% (21/40) were positive for IgG4 and 25% (10/40) were positive for IgE. Overlapped IgG4 or IgE positive samples accounted for 22.5% (9/40). Therefore, IOID samples were separated into three groups. The IgE+/IgG4+ group had a relevantly lower level of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. IL-4 (Th2 cell related), IL-10 and TGF-β1 (Treg cell immunity related) were elevated in all three groups. Some of the Th17 cell related cytokines (i.e. IL-17A/F, IL-25, IL-23, and IL-33) displayed higher expression levels in the IgE-/IgG4- group compared to the other two groups. CONCLUSION: We discovered an IgG4-IgE co-positive group as well as Th17 cell immune involvement in IgG4-IgE co-negative subgtroup in IOID for the first time. The pathogenesis of IOID could differ from different subgroups according to the IgG4 and IgE detection. Therefore, we recommend that, Treatment stratagy should be made according to the clinical assessment of IgG4-IgE and Th17 profile detection.     

南非传统草药Sutherlandia 抗糖尿病作用的研究

目的：观察南非传统草药Sutherlandia水提物对糖脂代谢的影响。方法：腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）并高脂饲料喂养诱导2型糖尿病大鼠模型。随机分为正常组、模型组、吡格列酮组、Sutherlandia组。观察体质量、口服糖耐量试验（OGTT）、血甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）指标的改变,Western Blot法检测各组大鼠骨骼肌胰岛素受体底物（IRS-1）表达情况。结果：与正常组比较,模型组大鼠体质量降低,OGTT、TG、TC、LDL-C指标明显升高（P<0.05）,多饮、多食、多尿症状明显,IRS-1 蛋白表达明显降低（P<0.05）;治疗后,与模型组比较,Sutherlandia组及吡格列酮组的体质量未见明显增长,Sutherlandia组及吡格列酮组血糖、TG、TC均明显降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）,二者之间无统计学差异,Sutherlandia组及吡格列酮组骨骼肌中IRS-1蛋白表达明显升高（P<0.05）,二者之间无统计学差异。结论：腹腔注射STZ并高糖高脂饲料喂养诱导2 型糖尿病大鼠模型存在糖脂代谢紊乱;南非传统草药Sutherlandia可明显降低其血糖水平,改善血脂代谢,提高胰岛素水平;Sutherlandia可提高IRS-1骨骼肌中的表达水平,进而改善胰岛素抵抗,降低血糖,其确切的作用途径有待进一步深入研究。     

A Review of Quality Assessment and Grading for Agarwood

Agarwood is an important non-timber forest product widely used in religious and cultural activities as perfume and fragrance and as traditional medicine in Asia. The high value of agarwood and the inflated consuming market have led to constant rising of the prices. In general, the price of the agarwood is determined according to its quality, which can be divided into different grades. But up to now, there is not any standard quality grading system which could be used overwhelmingly throughout the agarwood producing, commerce and consumption. Therefore, we reviewed agarwood in diversified grading indexes, systems and methods.     

柳州市2005-2016年蚊媒传染病的流行特征

目的 分析柳州市2005-2016年蚊媒传染病的流行特征,为蚊媒传染病风险评估及制定防控策略提供依据.方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对资料进行分析.结果 柳州市2005-2016年共报告3种蚊媒传染病149例,年均发病率0.35/10万,其中乙型脑炎72例(死亡3例),疟疾74例,登革热3例(输入性病例);三江县年均发病率最高,为1.29/10万;发病时间主要集中在6-8月份,占73.15％(109/149);平均发病年龄35.93岁,男女比为7.22:1.乙型脑炎主要分布在10岁以下年龄组,以本地病例为主;疟疾病例主要分布在20～50岁组,输入性病例为主(39例).结论 柳州市蚊媒传染病以儿童乙型脑炎和输入性疟疾病例为主,今后应加强病例监测和媒介综合治理.     

总胆固醇与男性肺癌发病关系的前瞻性队列研究

目的 探讨基线TC与中国男性肺癌发病风险的关联及其强度。方法 自2006年5月,以开滦集团全体在职及离退休男性职工为调查对象,建立开滦集团男性动态队列并随访。基线调查时收集研究对象的社会人口学、个人疾病史、身体测量指标和TC等基线信息,并利用随访收集肺癌发病结局信息。参考《中国成人血脂异常防治指南》与研究人群TC分布特征,TC按照五分位数进行分组：<160、160～、180～、200～、≥240 mg/dl,以TC 160～mg/dl组为参比组,利用Cox比例风险模型分析基线TC与男性肺癌发病风险的关联性、限制性立方样条曲线分析其非线性关系。结果 截至2014年12月31日,109 884名男性进入队列,共计随访763 819.25人年,随访时间M=7.88年,收集肺癌新发病例808例。调整年龄、文化程度、收入、吸烟、饮酒、粉尘暴露史、FPG、BMI后,以160～mg/dl组为对照,TC偏低（<160 mg/dl）和TC升高（≥240 mg/dl）组男性肺癌发生风险分别升高34%（HR=1.34,95% CI：1.04～1.72）和45%（HR=1.45,95% CI：1.09～1.92）。剔除随访2年内肺癌新发病例及有高血脂病史者后,结果无显著变化。结论 TC与男性肺癌发生相关,TC过高或过低男性的肺癌发病风险均升高,保持适当的TC水平可能是预防和控制肺癌的有效措施之一。     

双侧肾上腺结核误诊肾上腺肿瘤一例

我国肾上腺结核仍是原发性肾上腺皮质功能不全（primary adrenal insufficiency,PAI）也称Addison病的主要原因。本文探讨如何诊断早期肾上腺结核,降低误诊率,以利最大限度保留残余肾上腺功能。     

常染色体嵌合变异的流行病学分布及其影响因素研究进展

人类体细胞突变的发生和积累,又称体细胞嵌合现象。其中,嵌合染色体变异（mCA）对基因组完整性的影响最为显著,被视为人类衰老的表型之一。随着全球人口老龄化进程的加速,了解mCA的人群流行病学分布及其影响因素,有助于探索人体衰老进程中“基因组失稳”及其相关生物学机制,为人类年龄相关疾病的一级预防提供科学依据。本文旨在汇总既往大规模人群研究结果,对外周血常染色体mCA的人群流行病学分布及其影响因素进行综述。