丙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞中丙型肝炎病毒复制的研究

９例临床诊断为丙型肝炎患者，研究其外周血单核细胞中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的存在及复制。９例患者血清标本抗－ＨＣＶ及ＨＣＶＲＮＡ均为阳性，采用高敏感的逆转录一套式ＰＣＲ法测定其外周血单核细胞中ＨＣＶ正、负链ＲＮＡ，结果９例患者外周血单核细胞中７例ＨＣＶ正链ＲＮＡ阳性，３例ＨＣＶ负链ＲＮＡ阳性，证实部分丙肝患者外周血单核细胞中存在ＨＣＶ的复制，表明肝细胞并非为ＨＣＶ感染与复制的唯一场所。     

二阶导数光谱法测定尿中呋喃妥因浓度

本文采用有酸性条件下用乙酸乙酯萃取呋喃妥因后，通过二阶导数光谱法测定尿中呋喃妥因的浓度。该法定量信息为３７４￣３７７ｎｍ处的峰谷之间距离，最低检出浓度为１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，回收率为９８％，相对标准差小于３％；本法与ＨＰＬＣ法进行了对照性研究。两法具有明显的相关性（ｒ＝０．９９９１）。本法可用于呋喃妥因药动学的研究。     

Chromosomal screening of mentally retarded school children in Taipei.

The major concern of the national population policy in Taiwan in recent years has been to lower the incidence of hereditary diseases and mental retardation in the general population. It has been estimated that there are around 10,000 mentally retarded school children in Taiwan. If effective chromosomal screening can be extended to these children, some of the family members who are carriers of balanced chromosomal rearrangements may benefit from follow-up studies and genetic counseling. The present report is the result of a pilot study conducted from 1988 to 1991 to explore the possibility of chromosomal screening of mentally retarded school children in Taipei. A total of 871 blood samples were collected from 1,147 children registered in 46 schools or residing in homes for the retarded. Chromosomal analysis was successfully accomplished on 674 out of 871 blood samples. The following chromosomal abnormalities were observed: 28 Down's syndrome, four Klinefelter syndrome, one XYY, one triple X, 11 translocations, seven inversions, four mosaics, three duplications, one deletion and one with an extra marker chromosome. After follow-up cytogenetic analyses of 13 families with probands with structural chromosomal anomalies, three of these families were shown to have one or two carriers of balanced translocated chromosomes. It seems that the present screening system would not be practical or cost-effective if it were applied island-wide in the future.     

Characterisation of passively transferred antigen arthritis induced by methylated bovine serum albumin in the rat: effect of FK 506 on arthritis development.

The conditions necessary for the passive transfer of antigen arthritis induced by methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) in the rat have been studied. Spleen cells from immunised rats were not capable of transferring disease unless they were first activated in culture with mBSA or concanavalin A. Cells from sham-immunised animals could not be activated to transfer the arthritis. The immunosuppressant drug FK 506 could inhibit the development of the arthritis when present during the activation period in culture or when dosed to the recipients of activated cells.     

Segmental fixation with U-shaped rod in the treatment of spondylolisthesis

Summary From 1987 to 1990 the authors treated 20 cases of spondylolisthesis by an improved operative procedure including excision of the medial part of the superior articular processes of the slipped vertebra, excision of the soft tissue between the ununited isthmi, and excision of the ligamentum flavum between the intervertebral space above the slipped segment. In some instances the lower portion of the lamina over the slipped vertebra should be resected. A U-shaped rod was used to hold sublaminar fixation of two segments above and below the slipped vertebra, with the slipped vertebra spared. Utilizing the U-shaped rod as support, bone strips were placed along the lateral and anterior sides of the rod to bridge the gap between the laminae of the displaced vertebra. Other bone grafts were focused on the facet joints. The patients were allowed ambulation early postoperatively. 19 cases could be evaluated at preliminary follow-up. All showed satisfactory results.     

Phase II study of high-dose ifosfamide in hepatocellular carcinoma

Summary A phase II study of high-dose ifosfamide in hepatocellular carcinoma was conducted among 17 Chinese patients. The dose of ifosfamide used was 2.5 g/m² daily given as a continuous infusion for 5 days. In all, 15 patients were evaluable for tumour response. There was no complete or partial responder. The treatment was well tolerated. The most frequent toxicity was alopecia, which occurred in 11 patients, and 5 patients developed mild haematological toxicity. There was no evidence of liver or bladder toxicity. Overall, 14 patients were evaluable for survival. The median survival was 92 days (range, 30–568 days). We conclude that high-dose ifosfamide is well tolerated but ineffective in hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients.     

维生素D_3与心肌细胞电活动关系的实验研究

本实验利用标准玻璃微电极技术和微机系统的实时应用,在离体豚鼠右心室乳头肌上观察维生素D_3对其细胞电活动的影响。结果表明维生素D_3可使心肌细胞动作电位和零相最大去极化速率发生明显改变,其变化主要是由于通过细胞膜慢通道有大量的Ca~(2+)内流,使细胞内Ca~(2+)超负荷来实现的。     

纤维结合素在实验性肝纤维化中动态变化研究

本实验研究了血浆纤维结合素和肝组织中纤维结合素的动态变化规律。结果显示F_n在肝中的沉积与肝纤维化的严重程度有关。在肝纤维化早期血浆F_n增高,当胶元在肝中沉积达最高峰时,血浆F_n反而下降低于正常。这提示F_n可能参予胶元在肝中的沉积并对肝纤维化的早期诊断有一定意义。     

川芎嗪和维拉帕米对缺血性急性肾衰初期保护效应的实验研究

１８只犬切除右肾，钳夹左肾动脉６０分的肾缺血模型，再灌注５小时。将动物随机分成对照组、川芎嗪组及维拉帕米组。观察尿量、菊糖清除率、利钠指数、平均动脉压及心率；再灌注５小时取肾组织作形态学检查。结果显示川芎嗪对肾功能及形态有保护作用，维拉帕米则无此作用，提示在手术中有肾缺血时以川芎嗪作为肾保护药物优于维拉帕米。     

推按运经仪治疗胆石病536例临床观察

胆石病是世界范围的胆道系统主要疾病，国内普查自然人群中，胆结石患病率为１－１０％，而且有逐年增高的趋势。以往应用传统手术疗法虽有一定疗效，但也存在不少问题。运用推按运经仪治疗胆石病５３６例，总有效率为９１．９７％。