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111.
Aranka Anema Evan Wood Sheri D Weiser Jiezhi Qi Julio SG Montaner Thomas Kerr 《Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy》2010,5(1):20
Background
Food insufficiency is often associated with health risks and adverse outcomes among marginalized populations. However, little is known about correlates of food insufficiency among injection drug users (IDU). 相似文献112.
We sought to explore the effect of crystal methamphetamine use on the risk of experiencing malnutrition among street-involved
youth in Vancouver, Canada. Risk of malnutrition was defined as being hungry but not having enough money to buy food. Socio-demographic
and drug use factors associated with risk of malnutrition were investigated using univariate and multivariate analysis among
a prospective cohort of street-involved youth known as the At-Risk Youth Study (ARYS). Between September 2005 and December
2006, 509 street-involved youth were enrolled in ARYS, among whom 21% reported being at risk of malnutrition as defined above
in the previous six months. In multivariate analysis, only non-injection crystal methamphetamine was significantly associated
with being at risk of malnutrition among this cohort (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.60, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.03
- 2.48, p = 0.036). Interventions seeking to address food insecurity among street youth may benefit from considering drug use patterns
since methamphetamine use predicted higher risk in this setting. 相似文献
113.
114.
Piero Farruggia Antonino Trizzino Nunzia Scibetta Giovanni Cecchetto Patrizia Guerrieri Emanuele SG D’Amore Paolo D’Angelo 《Italian journal of pediatrics》2011,37(1):1-8
Background
Diarrhoea disease which has been attributed to poverty constitutes a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children aged five and below in most low-and-middle income countries. This study sought to examine the contribution of individual and neighbourhood socio-economic characteristics to caregiver's treatment choices for managing childhood diarrhoea at household level in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods
Multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to Demographic and Health Survey data conducted in 11 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The unit of analysis were the 12,988 caregivers of children who were reported to have had diarrhoea two weeks prior to the survey period.Results
There were variability in selecting treatment options based on several socioeconomic characteristics. Multilevel-multinomial regression analysis indicated that higher level of education of both the caregiver and that of the partner, as well as caregivers occupation were associated with selection of medical centre, pharmacies and home care as compared to no treatment. In contrast, caregiver's partners' occupation was negatively associated with selection medical centre and home care for managing diarrhoea. In addition, a low-level of neighbourhood socio-economic disadvantage was significantly associated with selection of both medical centre and pharmacy stores and medicine vendors.Conclusion
In the light of the findings from this study, intervention aimed at improving on care seeking for managing diarrhoea episode and other childhood infectious disease should jointly consider the influence of both individual SEP and the level of economic development of the communities in which caregivers of these children resides. 相似文献115.
116.
从英国24家综合医疗机构随机抽取年龄为40~59岁的7 735例病人(均为男性),依据调查表和心电图结果分为以下7个病组:Ⅰ组:已确诊的心肌梗死病人;Ⅱ组:隐匿性心肌梗死病人;Ⅲ组:已确诊的心绞痛病人;Ⅳ组:有心绞痛症侯群的病人;V组:有可疑心肌梗死症侯群的病人;Ⅵ组:心电图示心肌缺血或可能心肌梗死的病人,Ⅶ组:无缺血性心脏病(IHD)证据的病人。对以上各组病人进行15年随访,将这期间调查对象发生的一系列致命及非致命的并发症分别与相应病组加以联系评估。 相似文献
117.
SG Dortmund 《MedR Medizinrecht》2001,19(7):382-384
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
118.
PK Tran A Haworth F Foroudi A Paneghel AG Herschtal KH Tai SG Williams S Soteriou M Laferlita GM Duchesne 《Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology》2009,53(6):574-580
The aim of this study is to prospectively evaluate and model surrogate explanatory variables (SEVs) of target coverage and rectal dose pertaining to soft tissue anatomy visualised on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for incorporation into post‐prostatectomy treatment coverage verification protocols. Twenty post‐prostatectomy patients treated with conformal prostate bed radiotherapy (64–74 Gy) underwent CBCT daily at fractions 1 to 5, and then weekly. Treatment coverage was defined on each CBCT using ‘PTV95’, percentage of the CBCT PTV covered by original treatment fields, and ‘RECTD50’, dose delivered to 50% of CBCT rectal volume by original treatment fields. Three candidate SEVs for treatment coverage were defined for each scan: anterior rectal wall movement, change in bladder length and bladder base movement. Both anterior rectal wall movement and increase in bladder length predicted for the decreased PTV95 (P < 0.001 for each). Anterior movement of the anterior rectal wall predicted for increased RECTD50 (P < 0.001). Predictive models for the PTV95 and RECTD50 that accept the significant SEVs as inputs were developed. We developed simple CBCT‐acquired soft tissue anatomic surrogate measures that signal changes in target coverage and rectal dose during post‐prostatectomy radiotherapy. Conventional bony anatomy patient position verification protocols were inadequate in accounting for soft tissue target and organ variation seen with CBCT. 相似文献
119.
Jason Smucny Laura M. Tully Amber M. Howell Tyler A. Lesh Sheri L. Johnson Randall C. O¼Reilly Michael J. Minzenberg Stefan Ursu Jong H. Yoon Tara A. Niendam J. Daniel Ragland Cameron S. Carter 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2021,46(6):1152
Blunted and exaggerated neuronal response to rewards are hypothesized to be core features of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), respectively. Nonetheless, direct tests of this hypothesis, in which response between SZ and BD is compared in the same study, are lacking. Here we examined the functional correlates of reward processing during the Incentivized Control Engagement Task (ICE-T) using 3T fMRI. Reward-associated activation was examined in 49 healthy controls (HCs), 52 recent-onset individuals with SZ, and 22 recent-onset individuals with Type I BD using anterior cingulate (ACC), anterior insula, and ventral striatal regions of interest. Significant group X reward condition (neutral vs. reward) interactions were observed during reward anticipation in the dorsal ACC (F(2,120) = 4.21, P = 0.017) and right insula (F(2,120) = 4.77, P = 0.010). The ACC interaction was driven by relatively higher activation in the BD group vs. HCs (P = 0.007) and vs. individuals with SZ (P = 0.010). The insula interaction was driven by reduced activation in the SZ group relative to HCs (P = 0.018) and vs. people with BD (P = 0.008). A composite of reward anticipation-associated response across all associated ROIs also differed significantly by diagnosis (F(1,120) = 5.59, P = 0.02), BD > HC > SZ. No effects of group or group X reward interactions were observed during reward feedback. These results suggest that people with SZ and BD have opposite patterns of activation associated with reward anticipation but not reward receipt. Implications of these findings in regard to Research Domain Criteria-based classification of illness and the neurobiology of reward in psychosis are discussed.Subject terms: Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder 相似文献
120.