南山医院妇科近10年腹腔镜手术严重并发症的回顾性分析

目的探讨妇科腹腔镜手术的并发症及处理措施。方法对我院2005年1月~2014年5月9208例妇科腹腔镜手术的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果发生并发症9例,发生率0.1%(9/9208)。3例大血管破裂术中发现,间断缝合修补,术后生命体征平稳;肠管损伤1例,术后第5天发现,经阴道行直肠阴道瘘修补术;输尿管损伤3例,1例术中发现,即行输尿管移植术,其余2例术后1~2周发现,术后2个月余行开腹输尿管膀胱植入术;膀胱损伤2例,均为术中发现,腹腔镜下行膀胱修补术。9例术后3个月随访恢复好。结论术中应仔细解剖,手术结束前常规查看输尿管蠕动及膀胱情况,检查导尿袋尿是否红色及有无气体,怀疑肠道损伤可肛门直肠充气看盆腔有无水泡产生。大血管损伤应保持镇定,一般可以在腹腔镜下行缝合术。     

Dual effects of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on skin wound healing of mice

Cold plasma has become an attractive tool for promoting wound healing and treating skin diseases. This article presents an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) generated in argon gas through dielectric barrier discharge, which was applied to superficial skin wounds in BALB/c mice. The mice (n = 50) were assigned randomly into five groups (named A, B, C, D, E) with 10 animals in each group. Natural wound healing was compared with stimulated wound healing treated daily with APPJ for different time spans (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 seconds) on 14 consecutive days. APPJ emission spectra, morphological changes in animal wounds, and tissue histological parameters were analyzed. Statistical results revealed that wound size changed over the duration of the experimental period and there was a significant interaction between experimental day and group. Differences between group C and other groups at day 7 were statistically significant (p < 0.05). All groups had nearly achieved closure of the untreated control wounds at day 14. The wounds treated with APPJ for 10, 20, 30, and 40 seconds showed significantly enhanced daily improvement compared with the control and almost complete closure at day 12, 10, 7, and 13, respectively. The optimal results of epidermal cell regeneration, granulation tissue hyperplasia, and collagen deposition in histological aspect were observed at day 7. However, the wounds treated for 50 seconds were less well healed at day 14 than those of the control. It was concluded that appropriate doses of cold plasma could inactivate bacteria around the wound, activate fibroblast proliferation in wound tissue, and eventually promote wound healing. Whereas, over doses of plasma suppressed wound healing due to causing cell death by apoptosis or necrosis. Both positive and negative effects may be related to the existence of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) in APPJ.     

双开门椎板成形椎管扩大术治疗老年颈椎病患者疗效分析

目的 评估对老年颈椎病患者(≥60岁)行双开门椎板成形椎管扩大术治疗的中远期疗效。方法 回顾性分析2002年1月~2010年6月行双开门椎板成形椎管扩大术并获>3年随访的63例老年患者资料,其中男43例,女20例;年龄为60～80岁,平均67.78岁。评估所有患者手术情况,记录术前、术后1周、术后3个月、术后6个月及之后每半年的日本骨科学会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)颈椎评分和颈椎功能障碍指数(neck disability index, NDI),并根据患者年龄段(低龄,≥60且<70岁,n=49;高龄,≥70岁,n=14)和术前病程时间(>1年,n=21;≤1年,n=42)对部分指标进行对比。结果 术后所有患者JOA评分和NDI均有不同程度恢复,JOA评分由术前(9.45±3.87)分恢复到术后(13.85±3.73)分,NDI由术前(25.52±4.13)%恢复到术后(13.14±3.24)%。术后并发症泌尿系统感染、肺部感染、脑脊液漏和术后轴性症状各1例,并发症发生率为6.35%。低龄老年患者和高龄老年患者的术后末次随访JOA评分差异无统计学意义(P >0.05);NDI差异无统计学意义(P >0.05);高龄老年患者恢复时间(10.21±2.46)个月高于低龄老年患者(7.92±2.15)个月,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。术前病程<1年的患者JOA评分改善率为(52.13±9.45)%,优于病程≥1年患者的(43.17±8.23)%,差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05);不同病程患者的NDI差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)。结论 在严格把握适应证的情况下,老年颈椎病患者行双开门椎板成形椎管扩大术治疗的中远期疗效可靠。     

不同性别癫痫患者维库溴铵剂量-反应曲线的测定

目的 研究性别对癫痫患者维库溴铵量效关系的影响,为维库溴铵个体化应用提供参考. 方法 选取择期癫痫手术患者100例,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄19岁～4l岁,病史2年～23年,分为男性组(M组)与女性组(F组),每组各50例,均有服用抗癫痫药物史,术前无酸碱平衡及水电解质紊乱,心、肺、肝、肾功能正常.每组患者按随机数字表法分为20、30、40、50、60 μg/kg 5个剂量组,每组10例.记录拇内收肌四个成串刺激(train of four stimulation,TOF)第1次反应最大抑制的百分率并进行概率单位转换,将维库溴铵的首次剂量进行对数转换,用直线回归方法分别建立男、女患者维库溴铵剂量-反应曲线,并记录起效时间. 结果 男性癫痫患者维库溴铵50％有效量(50％ effective dose,ED50)、75％有效量(75％effective dose,ED75)、90％有效量(90％ effective dose,ED90)、95％有效量(95％ effective dose,ED95)值分别为(31±6)、(40±8)、(50±9)、(57±7)tμg/kg,女性癫痫患者维库溴铵ED50、ED75、ED90、ED95值分别为(31±6)、(40±7)、(50±9)、(58±9) μg/kg,两者间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);5个剂量组起效时间在性别组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05). 结论 性别不影响癫痫患者维库溴铵的剂量-反应曲线.