Growth hormone status in six children with fetal alcohol syndrome

Objective: Prenatal alcohol exposure may cause fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), which is associated with pre- and postnatal growth retardation. Materials and methods: Spontaneous 24-h growth hormone (GH) secretion was measured in six prepubertal short children with FAS (two boys and four girls) aged 4-14 years. The response to a GH stimulation test, and levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were also measured. Comparisons were made between the children with FAS and healthy children of both normal and short stature, as well as children born small for gestational age (SGA). Results: There were no differences in the mean area under the curve above the baseline or the maximum level of GH during a 24-h period (GH_max) between the children with FAS and the reference groups. However, the estimated rate of spontaneous 24-h GH secretion in children with FAS was similar to that of children born SGA, but lower than in children of normal stature ( p = 0.02). The plasma concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were in the lower parts of the normal range. Conclusion: We conclude that GH secretion in short children with FAS is similar to that in short children born SGA; that is, in the lower range of normal children.     

A Non-Competitive P55 TNF Receptor Antibody Enhances the Specific Activity of Lymphotoxin-α

In the present study the authors elucidated the involvement of the two TNF receptors (TNFR) in discriminating TNF and lymphotoxin-α (LT-α) effects in human SW480-βGal and KYM-1 cell lines. A non-competitive p55 TNFR monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 44E strongly enhanced LT-α-mediated gene regulation and cytotoxicity up to the level of the responses caused by TNF. TNF-induced biological responses were only weakly influenced by 44E. 44E did not affect both binding and the rate of dissociation of the cytokines. The combination of the two p55 TNFR MoAb 44E and Htr5 elicited strong TNF responses, while none of them were agonistic alone. When the p75 TNFR was blocked with Utr1, LT-α was still less potent than TNF in mediating CMV promoter activation and cytotoxicity. However, the addition of 44E in the presence of Utr1 merged the LT-α dose-response curves with those obtained with TNF plus Utr1. Using antagonistic TNFR  MoAb, the authors further showed that TNF functions through both TNFR types while LT-α mediates its effects largely via the p55 TNFR. These data suggest that LT-α is less potent than TNF due to its lower ability to properly trigger the p55 TNFR and because of its lack of signalling through the p75 TNFR.     

Oral mucosal lesion associated with sickle cell disease

An oral lesion of sickle cell disease resembling a rapidly growing vascular lesion filled with sickled red cells is presented.     

阿魏酸钠对大鼠肝线粒体氧化性损伤的保护作用

观察到阿魏酸钠有明显抑制硫酸亚铁和维生素C系统诱导的脂质过氧化反应和线粒体膨胀作用,且呈量效关系,并缓解丙二醛(脂质过氧化产物之一)对线粒体氧化磷酸化过程的解偶联反应。线粒体膜蛋白电泳图谱呈现阿魏酸钠有抑制丙二醛与膜蛋白交联作用。上述结果提示阿魏酸钠可缓解自由基损伤反应,有益机体能量合成代谢。     

磁性微球的磁响应性及狗肾动脉栓塞实验研究

研究了磁性明胶微球(MG-ms)的磁响应性及狗肾动脉栓塞效果。磁响应性实验表明,介质流速越慢,磁场强度越大,磁性微球中磁铁粒子含量越高,越容易定位磁性微球。狗肾动脉灌注10～30um磁性微球,血管造影和病理切片结果表明:磁性微球在外磁场作用下可以进一步栓塞至肾小球、肾脏的微细动脉,而且栓塞均匀、完全,而不加磁场时栓塞不完全。这些结果提示磁性明胶微球可以作为治疗肾癌的栓塞剂,将有利于增强化疗效果、减少毒副反应。     

联苯双酯制剂的物理分散状态及体外释放度

用X-射线衍射法,考察不同载体制备的固体分散体系中联笨双酯的物理分散状态,聚乙二醇6000(PEG 6000)固体分散系为有限互溶固体溶液,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)共沉淀物为无定形粉末,脲共熔物为简单低共熔混合物,热分析研究亦证实PEG 6000固体分散物较其相应比例的物理混合物及片剂有更高的分散度。比较两种联苯双酯片剂与滴丸的体外释放度,两种片剂的释放度参数td值分别为37和178min,滴丸未包衣者为11min,包衣者为26.in。由此可知物理分散状态是影响释放速度的主要因素。