铁制剂和中药营养干预对运动性贫血运动员血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白影响的研究

目的 铁是维持生命活动的必需微量元素,铁是血红蛋白的重要组成成分,与运动能力关系十分密切。本课题主要目的是探寻营养补剂对运动性贫血运动员血清铁蛋白和转铁蛋白影响的规律。方法 本实验以运动性贫血运动员为实验对象,在运动训练期间给予抗运动性贫血铁复合制剂,以观察其对其运动员血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白的影响。结果 运动训练导致机体铁贮备下降时血清铁蛋白降低、转铁蛋白处于较高水平,且血清铁蛋白与转铁蛋白浓度呈高度负相关,血清铁蛋白、血清转铁蛋白指标可以反映机体铁贮备状况;抗贫血铁复合制剂干预后的贫血各组血清铁、血清铁蛋白浓度上升,并显著降低了贫血运动员血清转铁蛋白浓度。结论 抗贫血铁复合制剂可有效地提高运动员的铁贮备。     

师范生与非师范生艾滋病知识和态度调查

目的了解黄冈市师范生与非师范生对艾滋病(获得性免疫缺陷综合征,AIDS)知识的了解及相关行为和态度,为制定黄冈市大学生AIDS知识健康教育策略提供依据。方法采用随机抽样的方法,抽取黄冈师范学院师范类在校大学生220例和非师范类在校大学生250例作为调查对象,分别对其进行问卷调查,并比较两类大学生的调查结果。结果师范生对AIDS一般知识的了解和对待AIDS患者的态度方面,平均得分率分别为77.61%、87.35%,非师范生分别为69.15%、79.14%,两者比较,差异均有统计学意义（分别u=2.03,P＜0.05;u=2.34,P＜0.05）;师范生对AIDS传播途径的了解和对待AIDS的态度方面,平均得分率分别为 82.80%、92.99%,非师范生分别为76.50%、89.84%,两者比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。结论在大学生中开展AIDS健康教育非常必要,特别是师范生,对他们全面普及AIDS知识,不仅其本人可受益,而且也可为今后对其学生开展健康教育活动奠定基础。     

补骨脂素及醋酸地塞米松脂质体凝胶的研制

 目的 制备含有补骨脂素及醋酸地塞米松的脂质体凝胶并研究其经皮吸收后体内分布,为临床新制剂的开发打下基础。方法 用均匀设计优选该脂质体凝胶的处方及制备工艺,并用扫描电镜观测其外观、大小及分布,用分子筛法结合HPLC测定其包封率,初步考察该制剂的稳定性,并以家兔为试验对象研究其皮肤刺激性,用豚鼠研究其经皮传递后主药体内分布情况。结果 由优选出的处方及工艺制备的脂质体凝胶外观圆整,分布较均匀,包封率理想,稳定性良好,与对照品相比对家兔皮肤有明显的保护作用,在豚鼠皮肤内的滞留量显著增加,是对照品的4.2倍（P＜0.01）,而全身吸收量明显降低（P＜0.05）。结论 含有补骨脂素及醋酸地塞米松的脂质体凝胶高效低毒,可望成为临床治疗白癫疯的新型外用制剂。     

组织多肽抗原联合ProGRP、CEA、NSE、SCC、CYFRA21-1在肺癌诊治中的价值

目的 评估组织多肽抗原（TPA）联合ProGRP、CEA、NSE、SCC、CYFRA21-1在肺癌诊断与疗效监测中的应用价值。方法 用化学发光法和电化学发光法检测238例肺癌患者、25例肺部良性疾病患者及65名健康对照者血清中的TPA、ProGRP、NSE、SCC、CYFRA21-1和CEA水平,并对33例肺癌患者进行随访检测。同时用SPSS19.0统计软件及接受器工作性能曲线（ROC）分析,评价肿瘤标志物的临床应用价值。结果 肺癌患者血清TPA水平（中位数为130.45 U/L）明显高于肺部良性疾病患者（中位数为82.21 U/L）和健康对照组（中位数为70.96 U/L）（P=0.000, 0.002）。根据ROC曲线分析,TPA检测肺癌的临界值为130 U/L,敏感度为50%,特异性为88.9%,相比于其他肺癌标志物( ProGRP、NSE、SCC、CYFRA21-1、CEA）,敏感度较高,特异性稍低。肺癌患者血清TPA水平及阳性率随着肿瘤分期的升高而升高（P均<0.05）。TPA水平与疗效也密切相关,临床治疗有效时TPA下降,而病情恶化或出现转移时则升高。各种组合检测中,以六项组合诊断肺癌的敏感度和有效性最高。结论 TPA联合ProGRP、CEA、NSE、SCC、CYFRA21-1测定在肺癌的诊断、疗效及监测复发转移中,具有一定的临床价值。     

中医分时辨治与盐酸氟西汀比较治疗糖尿病合并抑郁症的Meta分析＊

目的 系统评价中医分时辨治糖尿病合并抑郁症的效果。方法 计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库（VIP）、万方数据库（Wanfang Data），中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM），搜集国内有关中医分时辨治相关的随机病例对照研究，检索时限均从2010年1月1日到至2020年12月20日。由2名独立研究者对文献资料进行提取，并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后，采用RevMan5.3软件进行研究合并Meta分析。结果 共纳入10个相关研究，包括1008名研究对象。Meta分析结果显示：与盐酸氟西汀相比较，中医分时辨治糖尿病合并抑郁症在降低汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）［MD=-0.61， 95%CI （-3.68， 2.46）， P<0.00001］与汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）［MD=-0.21， 95%CI （-3.49， 3.08）， P<0.00001］评分没有统计学意义，但对空腹血糖（FPG）［MD=-0.80， 95%CI （-0.94， -0.65）， P<0.00001］、餐后2 h血糖（2HPG）［MD=-0.74， 95%CI （-1.02， -0.46）， P<0.00001］、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）［MD=-0.21， 95%CI （-0.38， -0.04）， P=0.02］、总胆固醇（TG）［MD=-0.48， 95%CI （-0.61， -0.36）， P<0.00001］、总甘油三酯（TC）［MD=-0.47， 95%CI （-0.62， -0.32）， P<0.00001］水平下降明显。结论 当前的证据表明，中医分时辨治方法治疗糖尿病合并抑郁症相对于西药盐酸氟在降低抑郁症状方面没有明显优势，但在降低血糖与血脂水平方面有较高的临床价值，这可能与分时辨治的药物有关，但同时结论受研究数量和质量的影响，更多高质量临床研究仍需开展，对上述结论予以确认。     

WOMENtorship: The #WomenInMedicine perspective

Abstract

Mentorship is essential for career development, personal development, and job satisfaction for physicians in academic medicine. Women in academic medicine face unique challenges including significant gender disparities in positions of leadership as well as difficulty finding mentors. As leaders in academic medicine, we have collated several structured recommendations for physicians of both genders seeking to be better mentors to female trainees and early career physicians. We discuss each of these recommendations in detail including the following: acknowledging your own strengths and limitations as a mentor, addressing issues of work-life integration, helping your mentee set long-term career goals, and acting as a sponsor as well as a mentor. We hope these suggestions are helpful for current and aspiring mentors and provide a platform to improve career development for female physicians and reduce gender inequities in academic medicine.     

单核苷酸多态性与阿司匹林抵抗的研究进展

在破裂的动脉粥样硬化斑块溃疡上，活化的血小板聚集导致血栓形成。阿司匹林是临床 最常用的抗血小板聚集药物之一，但是部分患者服用阿司匹林后不能有效地抑制血小板聚集，产生阿 司匹林抵抗现象，导致血栓事件再次发生。随着分子生物学技术的飞速发展及人类基因组计划的开展， 越来越多的研究证实，遗传因素在血栓事件中发挥着重要的作用。基因变异会对血小板功能产生影响， 导致血小板活性增加，影响阿司匹林治疗后的残存血小板聚集。现通过回顾国内外与单核苷酸多态性 导致阿司匹林抵抗有关的研究，进一步认识了阿司匹林抵抗的遗传因素。     

Primary Conservative Therapy for Symptomatic Isolated Mesenteric Artery Dissection with Severely Compressed True Lumen or Large Dissecting Aneurysm

PurposeTo investigate the safety and effectiveness of primary conservative therapy for patients with symptomatic isolated mesenteric artery dissection (IMAD) with a severely compressed true lumen and/or a large dissecting aneurysm.Materials and MethodsA total of 35 consecutive patients (all men; median age, 53 y) with symptomatic IMAD with a severely compressed true lumen and/or a large dissecting aneurysm but without intestinal necrosis or arterial rupture who were treated with primary conservative therapy between November 2018 and February 2020 were assessed. A severely compressed true lumen was defined as luminal stenosis > 70%. A large dissecting aneurysm was defined as dissecting aneurysm diameter ≥ 1.5 times larger than the normal mesenteric artery diameter.ResultsThere was a strong positive relationship among abdominal pain, degree of luminal stenosis, and length of dissection (R = 0.811; P < .001). Conservative treatment was successful in all patients. Abdominal pain was eliminated within 4.7 d ± 4.8 (range, 2–31 d) in all patients, within 3.6 d ± 1.2 (range, 2–6) in the 31 patients with minor or moderate abdominal pain, and within 13.3 d ± 11.9 (range, 6–31 d) in the 4 patients with severe abdominal pain. Complete or partial remodeling of the mesenteric artery was achieved in 6 (17.1%) and 29 (82.9%) patients, respectively, during 8.6 mo ± 4.3 of follow-up.ConclusionsPrimary conservative therapy can be used safely and effectively in patients with symptomatic IMAD with a severely compressed true lumen and/or a large dissecting aneurysm but without intestinal necrosis or arterial rupture.     

Social Role Participation and Satisfaction With Life: A Study Among Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis and Population Controls

Objective

Participation in society of persons with chronic diseases receives increasing attention. However, little is known about which components of participation are most relevant to life satisfaction. This study examines the association between several aspects of social role participation and satisfaction with life (SWL) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) compared to population controls.

Methods

In a cross‐sectional study, participants completed the Social Role Participation Questionnaire (SRPQ) and SWL scale. The SRPQ assesses several dimensions of participation (importance, satisfaction with performance, and satisfaction with time and physical difficulty) in 11 roles representing 3 domains (interpersonal relations, leisure, and work). For individuals with AS and controls, the association between role domains and SWL was examined using linear regression for each participation dimension separately, in the total and the employed population, adjusting for age, sex, education, and income.

Results

A total of 246 AS patients (mean ± SD age 51 ± 12 years, 62% males, mean ± SD disease duration 17 ± 12 years) and 510 controls (mean ± SD age 42 ± 15 years, 70% males) were included. AS patients were more frequently (extremely) dissatisfied with life (17.9% versus 8.6%; P < 0.05). In the total and the employed population, less physical difficulty and higher satisfaction with interpersonal relations and leisure were associated with higher SWL, and this was somewhat stronger in patients than in controls (P < 0.1). In employed controls, but not in employed patients, satisfaction with work was independently associated with SWL.

Conclusion

These findings highlight the importance of supporting persons with AS in ameliorating social role participation, particularly in areas like close relationships and leisure activities, which are typically ignored when treating AS.