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121.
Brain aromatase: dyed-in-the-wool homosexuality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
122.
Warfarin anticoagulation and outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and metaanalysis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between international normalized ratio (INR) and outcomes (major bleeding events and strokes) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) receiving anticoagulation with warfarin. METHODS: A systematic review and metaanalysis of studies published in the English language between January 1, 1985, and October 30, 2002, was performed. MEDLINE (PubMed), Current Contents, and relevant reference lists were searched. Studies enrolling patients with nonvalvular AF receiving warfarin anticoagulation were eligible for inclusion if they reported stroke and/or major bleeding events in relation to INR, or time spent in therapeutic range. The risk of bleeds in overanticoagulated patients (INR > 3) and the risk of strokes in underanticoagulated patients (INR < 2) were assessed. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies (6,248 patients) met all inclusion criteria. Of the 21 studies, a target conventional INR of 2 to 3 was used in 9 studies. An INR < 2, compared with an INR > or = 2, was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for ischemic events of 5.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.92 to 8.80). An INR > 3, compared with an INR < or = 3, was associated with an OR for bleeding events of 3.21 (95% CI, 1.24 to 8.28). On average, in the four studies with a target INR range of 2 to 3, patients with AF receiving warfarin spent 61% of time within, 13% of time above, and 26% below the therapeutic range. CONCLUSION: Available evidence indicates that in patients with nonvalvular AF, the risk of ischemic stroke with insufficient warfarin anticoagulation (INR < 2), and the risk of bleeding events with overanticoagulation (INR > 3) are significantly higher relative to patients with AF maintained within the recommended INR of 2 to 3. However, the published data are sparse, heterogeneous, and primarily reported from clinical trials. More studies evaluating clinical outcomes in relation to INR are needed, especially in a real-world setting. 相似文献
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Arterial pulse wave velocities, pulse wave contours, and systolic time intervals were recorded in thirty-nine diabetic children and were compared with recordings taken in twenty-seven normal children. Systolic time intervals were similar in the two groups of subjects. However, brachial and aortic pulse wave velocities were significantly greater in the diabetic than in the normal children (p < 0.025 and < 0.005, respectively). Also, in the diabetic children the time interval from the incisura to the midpoint of the dicrotic wave (I-D) was significantly shortened in both the brachial (p < 0.005) and carotid (p < 0.05) pulse waves as compared to the normal children. These changes in pulse wave velocity and contour are associated with increased wall stiffness that occurs with aging and suggest that the large arteries of diabetic children may exhibit acceleration of the aging process. The severity of these changes bore no direct correlation with the degree of carbohydrate intolerance as judged by insulin requirement. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low fat-free mass index (FFMI) and high and very high body fat mass index (BFMI) after lung transplantation (LTR). A total of 37 LTR patients were assessed prior to and at 1 month, 1 year and 2 years for FFM and compared to 37 matched volunteers (VOL). FFM was calculated by the Geneva equation and normalized for height (kg/m(2)). Subjects were classified as FFMI "low", 8.2 kg/m(2) in men and >11.8 kg/m(2) in women. In 23 M/14 F, body mass index (BMI) was 22.3+/-4.4 and 20.1+/-4.9 kg/m(2), respectively. The prevalence of low FFMI was 80% at 1 month and 33% at 2 years after LTR. Prevalence of very high BFMI increased and was higher in patients than VOL after LTR. The prevalence of low FFMI was high prior to and remained important 2 years after LTR, whereas BFMI was lower prior to and higher 2 years after LTR. 相似文献
126.
Chang Joy W. Rubenstein Joel H. Mellinger Jessica L. Kodroff Ellyn Strobel Mary J. Scott Melissa Mack Denise Book Wendy Sable Kathleen Kyle Scholeigh Paliana Allisa Dellon Evan S. 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2021,66(6):1808-1817
Digestive Diseases and Sciences - Little is known about patient choice in treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Determine motivators and barriers to using common EoE therapies and describe... 相似文献
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Little is known about the role that night‐time sleep and daytime naps play in early cognitive development. Our aim was to investigate how napping affects word learning in 16‐month‐olds. Thirty‐four typically developing infants were assigned randomly to nap and wake groups. After teaching two novel object–word pairs to infants, we tested their initial performance with an intermodal preferential looking task in which infants are expected to increase their target looking time compared to a distracter after hearing its auditory label. A second test session followed after approximately a 2‐h delay. The delay contained sleep for the nap group or no sleep for the wake group. Looking behaviour was measured with an automatic eye‐tracker. Vocabulary size was assessed using the Oxford Communicative Development Inventory. A significant interaction between group and session was found in preferential looking towards the target picture. The performance of the nap group increased after the nap, whereas that of the wake group did not change. The gain in performance correlated positively with the expressive vocabulary size in the nap group. These results indicate that daytime napping helps consolidate word learning in infancy. 相似文献
130.
Noah N. Emery Kyle J. Walters Lili Njeim Maya Barr Daniella Gelman David Eddie 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》2022,46(7):1294-1305