带手套穿刺对留置套管针一次成功率的影响

为探讨戴手套与不戴手套穿刺对留置静脉套管针一次成功率的影响 ,为护理人员的自身防护提供科学依据 ,选取冠状动脉搭桥术病人 12 0例 ,随机分为实验组和对照组 ,实验组采用戴手套穿刺法 ,对照组采用常规洗手后不戴手套穿刺法。结果两组一次穿刺成功率经χ2 检验 ,无统计学意义( χ2 =0 .5 6 3,P >0 .0 5 )。说明戴手套留置套管针并不影响一次穿刺成功率。     

Reversal of ischemic liver failure by intrasplenic liver cell transplantation

A model of ischemic hepatic failure in Sprague-Dawley rats (SD) with 100% mortality has been developed by one-hour occlusion of the right portal vein and hepatic artery followed by left 70% hepatectomy. The intrasplenic injection of 40 x 10(6) syngeneic adult or three-day neonatal single liver cell suspensions decreased the mortality from 100% to 50% and 36%, respectively. Mortality decreased with increasing time from the intrasplenic injection of neonatal liver cells to the time of acute hepatic ischemia. Mortality also decreased with increasing interval between hepatic ischemia and removal of the transplanted liver cells by splenectomy. Intrasplenic injection of graded doses of neonatal liver cells decreased mortality from 75% at a dose of 10 x 10(6) cells, to 36% at 160 x 10(6) cells. Treatment of neonatal liver cells with metabolic inhibitors did not significantly affect their ability to reverse acute hepatic ischemia.     

Clinical and hormonal effects of chronic gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment in polycystic ovarian disease

Previously, we reported that short term administration of a highly potent GnRH agonist (GnRHa) for 1 month to patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCO) resulted in complete suppression of ovarian steroidogenesis without measurable effects on adrenal steroid production. This new study was designed to evaluate the effects of long term GnRHa administration in PCO patients with respect to their hormone secretion patterns and clinical responses. Eight PCO patients and 10 ovulatory women with endometriosis were treated daily with sc injections of [D-His6-(imBzl]),Pro9-NEt]GnRH (GnRHa; 100 micrograms) for 6 months. Their results were compared to hormone values in 8 women who had undergone bilateral oophorectomies. In response to GnRHa, PCO and ovulatory women had rises of serum LH at 1 month, after which it gradually declined to baseline. In both groups FSH secretion was suppressed throughout treatment. Serum estradiol, estrone, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, and testosterone levels markedly decreased to values found in oophorectomized women by 1 month and remained low thereafter. In contrast, serum pregnenolone and 17-hydroxypregnenolone were partially suppressed, and dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and cortisol levels did not change. Clinically, hyperplastic endometrial histology in three PCO patients reverted to an inactive pattern, and proliferative endometrium in two other PCO patients became inactive in one and did not change in the other. Regression of proliferative endometrial histology occurred in all ovulatory women. Vaginal bleeding occurred in all women studied during the first month of GnRHa administration, after which all but one PCO patient became amenorrheic. Hot flashes were noted by all ovulatory women and by four of eight PCO patients. All PCO patients noted subjective reduction of skin oiliness, and five had decreased hair growth. We conclude that in premenopausal women: 1) chronic GnRHa administration results in apparently complete persistent suppression of ovarian steroid secretion; 2) adrenal steroid secretion is not influenced directly or indirectly; and 3) its use may be helpful in the treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and ovarian androgen excess in women with PCO.     

急性脑血管病肿瘤坏死因子-α的临床研究

目的：探讨肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）在急性脑血管病（ACVD）中的作用及其变化的临床意义。方法：选取95例ACVD患者，并设性别及年龄相匹配的血清对照组（20例）及脑脊液对照组（10例）。应用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）于发病后第1、3、7、14d测定血清和脑脊液中TNF-α。结果：①三种脑血管病患者血清TNF-α动态变化存在差异，脑出血和脑梗死组的峰值单间为发病后第3d，而蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）组为第1d。②脑梗死患者血清TNF-α水平与梗死面积、神经功能缺损程度及病情恶化与否相关。③SAH组于发病后第1d、3d、7d脑脊液TNF-α值高于血清，14d时降至对照组水平并与血清无差异。结论：①脑梗死患者血清TNF-α的动态观察，可为临床预测梗死灶大小、神经功能缺损程度及病情恶化与否提供依据。②发病早期的脑梗死患者若CT未能显示病灶时，血清TNF-α的明显升高有助于临床诊断和治疗。③SAH患者脑脊液中TNF-α水平明显高于血清，进一步提示脑内神经组织可产生TNF-α。脑脊液中TNF-α的持续明显升高可能与SAH后脑血管痉挛有关。④TNF-α参与了ACVD的炎性反应过程，早期抑制TNF产生及抗炎性反应的治疗可能具有潜在的临床价值。     

精索静脉曲张患者精索静脉和外周血睾酮水平的对照研究

目的：探讨精索静脉血张患者血浆睾酮水平的变化及其机制。方法：对25例精索静脉曲张患者与22例腹股沟斜疝患者精索静脉和外周血睾酮水平进行对照研究。结果：精索静脉曲张组外周血睾酮浓度与腹股沟斜疝组无差别（P＞0．05），而精索静脉血睾酮浓度两组则有明显差异，精索静脉曲张组精索静脉血中睾酮浓度较腹股沟斜疝组低（P＜0．05）。结论：多种因素可影响外周血睾酮浓度，使其难以准确地反映睾丸分泌睾酮的实际水平，而精索静脉血中的睾酮浓度则能较为直接地反映睾丸的睾酮分泌能力。     

复方华蟾胶囊抗小鼠肿中瘤作用的实验研究

目的了解复方华蟾胶囊抗小鼠移植性肿瘤的作用.方法以小鼠肝癌22(H22)、小鼠肉瘤180(S180)为瘤株,应用动物移植性肿瘤的体内试验法对药物进行抗癌药效学试验.结果复方华蟾胶囊灌胃4,2 g/kg@d,连续14 d,对小鼠移植性肝癌实体型生长有明显的抑制作用,抑瘤率分别为38.09%,30.95%.对小鼠移植性S180实体型生长有明显的抑制作用,抑瘤率分别为34.7%,30.08%.复方华蟾胶囊对荷瘤小鼠的胸腺和脾脏重量无影响.结论复方华蟾胶囊在试验条件下有一定抗肿瘤作用.     

国产头孢三嗪在急性感染病人中的药代动力学

静脉滴注国产头孢三嗪0.5～1克,治疗8例急性感染病人的药代动力学。静注后半小时用HPLC测得的平均血药浓度为100.75μg/ml,24小时的血药浓度为11.4μg/ml,国产头孢三嗪的药代动力学特点与国外同类产品基本一致。半衰期长,清除半衰期为8.8小时,可在血液和感染部位中保持较长时间的杀菌和抑菌浓度,总表观分布容积为13.0L/kg,表明药物在组织中的浓度高。本品用量小,每日1克1～2次即可达到疗效。5例慢性胆囊炎伴胆石症患者静滴头孢三嗪1克后,2小时胆汁的平均药物浓度为1022.8μg/ml,可作为治疗胆道感染的有效药物。     

类保幼激素对三带喙库蚊幼期发育的影响

本文报告用亚致死剂量的 S—31183(类保幼激素)处理三带喙库蚊幼虫对其发育影响的研究,结果表明处理后蛹期死亡率明显高于幼虫期,并且与剂量大小有关。S—31183处理幼虫并不影响幼虫的发育时间,但可使幼虫化蛹时蜕皮受阻与羽化受到一定的抑制。     

X综合征的临床诊断与分析

目的；探讨临床医师对X综合征的临床诊断水平并了解其发病机制；方法：对186例有胸痛的女性患者（平均年龄53.2岁）通过运动试验，左室功能及冠状动脉造影来评估X综合征患者冠脉微循环功能及发病机制；结果：186例中86人（46％）冠脉造影阴性，运动试验阳性，左室功能无明显失调；结论：X综合征多见于女性，X综合征可能是由于冠脉微血管功能异常所致。