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71.
Klaus Blaßneck Gerhard Nusko Gerald Niedobitek Eckart G. Hahn und Igor A. Harsch 《Medizinische Klinik》2004,99(7):399-401
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
72.
Klaus Kuch M.D. F.R.C.P.. Brian J. Cox Ph.D. David M. Direnfeld B.A. 《Journal of anxiety disorders》1995,9(6)
The Accident Fear Questionnaire (AFQ) is a new self-rated scale for PTSD and “accident phobia” (subsyndromal PTSD) after road vehicle accident (RVA). AFQ data from 54 RVA survivors were compared with two clinician-rated and three self-report measures of psychopathology. Diagnoses were based on the DSM-III-R structured clinical interview for PTSD and on DSM-III-R criteria for specific phobia. Diagnostic groups were similar in regards to demographic variables, duration of illness, measures of pain, self-rated physical impairment, and duration of illness. The AFQ had good internal consistency with a Crohnbach's alpha of 0.89 and yielded the largest group differences between PTSD (n = 12), “accident phobia” (n = 14), and neither diagnosis (n = 28). Subjects with PTSD tended to score highest on all self-report measures of psychopathology, followed by “accident phobics”, followed by subjects with neither diagnosis. On the AFQ, this order of severity was preserved after subjects with major depression had been removed from the analysis. Lacking effects from depression and from pain suggest that the AFQ is a specific measure of RVA-related phobic avoidance. 相似文献
73.
Rachelle Bouffard Lily Hechtman Klaus Minde Fiorella Iaboni-Kassab 《Revue canadienne de psychiatrie》2003,48(8):546-554
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of methylphenidate in treating adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), using subjective (self-report) and objective (computerized test) measures. METHOD: This double-blind crossover trial of placebo vs methylphenidate included subjects with childhood and current ADHD symptoms, IQs above 80, no other psychiatric condition explaining their difficulties or requiring other treatment, and no substance abuse in the previous 6 months. We administered 10 mg 3 times daily of medication (that is, placebo or methylphenidate) for 2 weeks. On the final day, subjects completed self-report measures and were tested on computerized tests. We then increased dosage to 15 mg 3 times daily for 2 weeks and administered a complete reassessment on the final day. Following a 1-week washout, we repeated this process on the second medication (that is, placebo or methylphenidate). RESULTS: Thirty adults with ADHD participated. Self-report measures and computerized tests showed significant improvements in ADHD symptoms on methylphenidate, compared with placebo. Other psychiatric symptoms (notably, anxiety and depression) were alleviated with methylphenidate. There was no significant difference between the 2 dosages of methylphenidate. CONCLUSION: Methylphenidate is effective in improving ADHD symptoms in adults with ADHD, is well tolerated, and has minimal side effects. 相似文献
74.
The pharmacokinetic behaviour of the 131-iodine-labelled title compound 3 * and its metabolites in mice was investigated. A two phase, 1st order elimination profile was observed. The second phase is very slow leaving about 35% of radioactivity in the mice even 100h after i.v. injection, because of high affinity to liver and spleen, caused by strong binding of oligoamines to phospholipids of liver and blood cell membranes. The blood-brain-barrier is not passed. No deep compartments were observed. The doses necessary for antithrombotic effects in vivo were calculated from the blood levels to be 20.5–39.7 μmol/kg for a time interval of 1–6 h after administration. 相似文献
75.
Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure profiles in pediatric patients after renal transplantation 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Nicolaus Lingens Eva Dobos Klaus Witte Christopher Busch Björn Lemmer Günther Klaus Karl Schärer 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1997,11(1):23-26
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was applied in 27 pediatric patients aged 6.3 – 24.3 (median 15.0) years who had been
transplanted 1.5 – 8.4 years previously. Daytime values were compared with the mean of 10 concomitant casual blood pressure
recordings. At the time of the study, antihypertensive drugs were given to 17 patients. Inulin clearance ranged from 18 to
116 (median 66) ml/min per 1.73 m2. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring confirmed hypertension or normotension determined by casual blood pressure measurements
in 63% of patients. The physiological nocturnal dip in blood pressure was attenuated or reversed in 8 of 27 patients. It was
reduced in all 3 patients with renal artery stenosis of the graft, in 3 of 4 patients with chronic rejection, in the only
patient with recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and in 1 of 6 patients with past acute rejection. The dipping was
not related to inulin clearance. In conclusion, casual blood pressure measurements do not accurately reflect blood pressure
in pediatric patients transplanted more than 1.5 years previously. A reduced nocturnal dip in blood pressure may indicate
an underlying renovascular or renoparenchymal pathology. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring should regularly be applied
in patients with renal transplants.
Received May 23, 1995; received in revised form June 18, 1996; accepted June 20, 1996 相似文献
76.
Claus Zimmer Stefanie Märzheuser Stephan Patt Arndt Rolfs Joachim Gottschalk Klaus Weigel George Gosztonyi 《Journal of neurology》1992,239(7):394-400
Summary In the hope of finding a treatable condition, the need for rapid diagnosis in HIV-seropositive patients with brain lesions is apparent. In order to evaluate the efficacy of stereotactic brain biopsy in AIDS patients, we retrospectively studied 25 HIV-infected patients undergoing stereotactic biopsy. Brain lesions were identified with gadolinium-enhanced MRI and/or contrastCT. Brain biopsy was performed using the system of Riechert. From 8 up to 15 small tissue samples from one or two targets were obtained in every patient. The biopsy material was examined cytologically, histologically (including electron microscopy), immunohistochemically and, in part, by animal test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A definite diagnosis was achieved in 92%. Diagnosis included primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) (10), toxoplasmosis (10), progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (2) and one case of co-existing toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus infection. Two biopsies were non-diagnostic. All PCNSLs showed polymorphic B-cell populations of high malignancy; accurate classification according to the Kiel classification was not possible. In 3 lymphomas Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) 2-mRNA could be detected by PCR and confirmed immunohistochemically by EBNA 2 expression. In 6 cases autopsy confirmed the biopsy diagnosis. Conventional histology was not sufficiently decisive for toxoplasmosis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, so that immunohistochemistry and animal tests became very important for a final diagnosis. With the help of different morphological and molecular biological techniques stereotactic brain biopsy appears to be an effective method in the diagnosis of HIV-associated brain lesions. In view of the marked radio- and chemosensitivity of PCNSLs it is mandatory to establish an early and accurate histological diagnosis for adequate treatment. 相似文献
77.
Benjamin Sadlack Ralf Kühn Hubert Schorle Klaus Rajewsky Werner Müller Ivan Horak 《European journal of immunology》1994,24(1):281-284
Interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 are considered as important regulators of growth and differentiation of lymphocytes. We report that in mice made deficient for both IL-2 and IL-4 by gene targeting all major T cell subsets and B cells were normal, indicating that IL-2 and IL-4 are not essential for development of the immune system. Paradoxically, proliferation of T cells was increased in both IL-2- and IL-4-deficient homozygous mice. 相似文献
78.
Martin Orrell Robert Howard Andrew Payne Klaus Bergmann Robert Woods Brian S. Everitt Raymond Levy 《International journal of geriatric psychiatry》1992,7(4):263-275
One hundred and sixty-four patients admitted to a psychogeriatric unit were given a combination of four different cognitive tests: the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Abbreviated Mental Test Score, The Felix Post Unit Score and the compilation of tests recommended by the MRC Alzheimer's Disease Workshop. The tests were compared with respect to their ability to sort accurately cases of dementia and depression, and the effects of age and education on test score and misclassification rate with diagnosis controlled for. The MMSE had a very high misclassification rate for the poorly educated and depressed group. The logistical discriminant functional analysis selected only eight items as the best discriminators between organic/ functional or dementia/depression groups. Only one of these eight was not either a memory or orientation test. The value of simply adding up tests of different aspects of cognitive function in dementia assessment or screening is questioned. 相似文献
79.
OBJECTIVE: To test whether increasing synchronization of neuronal activity might be causally related to seizure termination. METHODS: Neuronal synchronization was assessed by the relative changes of the eigenvalue spectrum of the equal-time correlation matrix computed from a short window sliding along multi-channel EEGs, recorded with either intracranial or surface electrodes. RESULTS: Synchronization dynamics of six status epilepticus EEG recordings from six patients were assessed. In all six recordings EEG synchronization fluctuated around relatively low levels during ongoing epileptiform activity. Synchronization only persistently increased before, or in one case, at the end of status epilepticus. Ongoing seizure activity stopped without pharmacological intervention in one patient. In four of the five other cases, the persistent increase of synchronization followed administration of anticonvulsant drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that increasing synchronization of neuronal activity may be considered as an emergent self-regulatory mechanism for seizure termination. SIGNIFICANCE: The traditional concept is challenged that increasing neuronal synchronization during epileptic seizures is always pathological and should be suppressed. On the contrary, our findings imply that therapeutic interventions to increase synchronization during seizures might be beneficial. 相似文献
80.
Martin Grosse Holtforth Hinrich Bents Birgit Mauler Klaus Grawe 《Clinical psychology & psychotherapy》2006,13(3):172-182
Interpersonal behavior is assumed to be motivated by personal goals that an individual develops ontogenetically to satisfy and protect psychological needs. Interpersonal problems are hypothesized to (1) occur as a consequence of strong avoidance goals and (2) lead to decreased satisfaction of the person's approach goals. The hypotheses are tested using the self‐report data of 284 subjects with predominantly anxiety, affective and eating disorders who applied for treatment in a clinic offering inpatient cognitive–behavioral psychotherapy. Results indicate that interpersonal problems mediate the relationship between avoidance goals and the satisfaction of approach goals. Additional analyses explore specific associations between avoidance goals and certain kinds of interpersonal problem. Avoidance goals are then located within the interpersonal circle structure. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献