乙肝歧视,大学校园该亮起的红灯

目的:通过调查在校大学生对乙肝的认知程度,使其了解乙肝的传播途径,并针对由乙肝认知误区所引起的大学生乙肝歧视进行讨论,得出相应解决措施,积极创建和谐校园。方法:采用问卷调查的方式对在校的非医学生和医学生进行调查。结果:调查发现,很多大学生都对乙肝有了正确的认知态度,理解了与乙肝患者的平等性。相对较多的大学生对乙肝患者或是乙肝病毒携带者没有明显的生活上的排斥,但是心里仍存在一定的恐惧和歧视。结论:乙肝歧视仍存在于当代大学生之间,要使整个社会对乙肝歧视有所消除,大学生首当其冲要作好消除乙肝歧视,发展和谐校园,让乙肝歧视在校园中亮起红灯。     

Inhibition of bone healing by pamidronate in calvarial bony defects.

OBJECTIVE: Pamidronate has been studied as a therapeutic drug for various osteopenic diseases. However, avascular osteonecrosis in the jawbone has been recently reported in patients receiving pamidronate. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of pamidronate on bone regeneration in a controlled animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To determine the effect of parmidronate on bone healing in a local bony defect area, a rabbit calvarial bony defect model was used and poly L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) used as a drug carrier material. Four defect groups were made in each rabbit calvaria and the defects were treated as follows: untreated bony defect (group 1), PLGA only (group 2), 2 mg of pamidronate with PLGA (group 3), and 3 mg of pamidronate with PLGA (group 4). Bone healing was evaluated by radiography and histology at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: In radiographic analysis, radiopacity was lower in pamidronate groups than non-operated rabbit calvarial bone at all observation points (P < .05). In histological analysis, the initial bone formation at 1 week was not different among groups, but it was much lower in the pamidronate groups than in the control or PLGA group after 2 weeks. Newly formed bone at 1 week underwent avascular necrosis after 2 weeks in both pamidronate groups. Avascular necrosis was not observed until 8 weeks in both topically applied pamidronate groups. CONCLUSION: Collectively, pamidronate inhibits bone healing in rabbit calvarial bony defect and it may explain the avascular necrosis of the jaws in patients receiving pamidronate.     

Foot Polydactyly and Polysyndactyly: Genetic Implications in Two Families

The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic characteristics of foot polydactyly and identify its inheritance pattern by analyzing familial pedigree. Five cases from 2 Korean families were studied: 1 is a family whose members have been affected for 4 generations and the other for 2 generations. Using peripheral blood samples, we performed chromosomal analysis using the banding technique with Giemsa stain and karyotyping. We investigated the shape and structure of 46 chromosomes, looking for translation, deletion, inversion, ring chromosome, and isochromosome abnormalities. All peripheral blood samples demonstrated no chromosomal abnormalities, though the genetic nature of foot polydactyly and a new genetic locus was identified recently by other studies. Familial pedigree analysis suggested that polydactyly was inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in the first family. The mode of inheritance for the second family could not be determined due to an insufficient number of family members. The result of this study brought us to the conclusion that, while genetic factors play a major role in polydactyly, other factors may contribute to its occurrence.