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991.
Edênia C. Menezes Relish Shah Lindsay Laughlin K. Yaragudri Vinod John F. Smiley Catarina Cunha Andrea Balla Henry Sershen Francisco X. Castellanos Andr Corvelo Ctia M. Teixeira 《The Journal of neuroscience》2021,41(12):2723
Early life is a sensitive period, in which enhanced neural plasticity allows the developing brain to adapt to its environment. This plasticity can also be a risk factor in which maladaptive development can lead to long-lasting behavioral deficits. Here, we test how early-life exposure to the selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine, affects motivation, and dopaminergic signaling in adulthood. We show for the first time that mice exposed to fluoxetine in the early postnatal period exhibit a reduction in effort-related motivation. These mice also show blunted responses to amphetamine and reduced dopaminergic activation in a sucrose reward task. Interestingly, we find that the reduction in motivation can be rescued in the adult by administering bupropion, a dopamine-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used as an antidepressant and a smoke cessation aid but not by fluoxetine. Taken together, our studies highlight the effects of early postnatal exposure of fluoxetine on motivation and demonstrate the involvement of the dopaminergic system in this process.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The developmental period is characterized by enhanced plasticity. During this period, environmental factors have the potential to lead to enduring behavioral changes. Here, we show that exposure to the SSRI fluoxetine during a restricted period in early life leads to a reduction in adult motivation. We further show that this reduction is associated with decreased dopaminergic responsivity. Finally, we show that motivational deficits induced by early-life fluoxetine exposure can be rescued by adult administration of bupropion but not by fluoxetine. 相似文献
992.
Patel Urvish Malik Preeti Shah Dhaivat Patel Achint Dhamoon Mandip Jani Vishal 《Journal of neurology》2021,268(1):240-247
Journal of Neurology - Due to pro-inflammatory and hypercoagulation states, COVID-19 infection is believed to increase the risk of stroke and worsen the outcomes of the patients having pre-existing... 相似文献
993.
A Recessively Inherited Risk Locus on Chromosome 13q22-31 Conferring Susceptibility to Schizophrenia
Tariq Mahmood Mohammed E El-Asrag James A Poulter Alastair G Cardno Anneka Tomlinson Sophia Ahmed Ahmed Al-Amri Jamshid Nazari Joanna Neill Rifka S Chamali Nancy Kiwan Suhaila Ghuloum Hamid A Alhaj Juliette Randerson Moor Shabana Khan Hassen Al-Amin Colin A Johnson Peter Woodruff Iain D Wilkinson Manir Ali Steven J Clapcote Chris F Inglehearn 《Schizophrenia bulletin》2021,47(3):796
994.
Limongi Roberto Mackinley Michael Dempster Kara Khan Ali R. Gati Joseph S. Palaniyappan Lena 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》2021,271(1):3-15
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience - Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), when applied to left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (LDLPFC), reduces negative... 相似文献
995.
Johnson Sonia Dalton-Locke Christian Vera San Juan Norha Foye Una Oram Sian Papamichail Alexandra Landau Sabine Rowan Olive Rachel Jeynes Tamar Shah Prisha Sheridan Rains Luke Lloyd-Evans Brynmor Carr Sarah Killaspy Helen Gillard Steve Simpson Alan 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2021,56(1):25-37
996.
997.
Interactomic data for Kaposi’s Sarcoma Associated Herpes virus (KSHV)—the causative agent of vascular origin tumor called Kaposi’s sarcoma—is relatively modest to date. The objective of this study was to assign functions to the previously uncharacterized ORFs in the virus using computational approaches and subsequently fit them to the host interactome landscape on protein, gene, and cellular level. On the basis of expression data, predicted RNA interference data, reported experimental data, and sequence based functional annotation we also tried to hypothesize the ORFs role in lytic and latent cycle during viral infection. We studied 17 previously uncharacterized ORFs in KSHV and the host-virus interplay seems to work in three major functional pathways—cell division, transport, metabolic and enzymatic in general. Studying the host-virus crosstalk for lytic phase predicts ORF 10 and ORF 11 as a predicted virus hub whereas PCNA is predicted as a host hub. On the other hand, ORF31 has been predicted as a latent phase inducible protein. KSHV invests a lion’s share of its coding potential to suppress host immune response; various inflammatory mediators such as IFN-γ, TNF, IL-6, and IL-8 are negatively regulated by the ORFs while Il-10 secretion is stimulated in contrast. Although, like any other computational prediction, the study requires further validation, keeping into account the reproducibility and vast sample size of the systems biology approach the study allows us to propose an integrated network for host-virus interaction with good confidence. We hope that the study, in the long run, would help us identify effective dug against potential molecular targets. 相似文献
998.
Zhixun Xie Liji Xie Qing Fan Yaoshan Pang Xianwen Deng Zhi Qin Xie Jiabo Liu Mazhar I. Khan 《Parasitology research》2013,112(4):1597-1606
A duplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (dq-PCR) assay was optimized to simultaneously detect Haplosporidium spp. and Perkinsus spp. of shellfish in one reaction. Two sets of specific oligonucleotide primers for Haplosporidium spp. and Perkinsus spp., along with two hydrolysis probes specific for each parasite group, were used in the assay. The dq-PCR results were detected and analyzed using the Light Cycler 2.0 software system. The dq-PCR identified and differentiated the two protozoan parasite groups. The sensitivity of the dq-PCR assay was 200 template copies for both Haplosporidium spp. and Perkinsus spp. No DNA product was amplified when known DNA from Marteilia refringens, Toxoplasma gondii, Bonamia ostreae, Escherichia coli, Cymndinium spp., Mykrocytos mackini, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and shellfish tissue were used as templates. A total of 840 oyster samples from commercial cultivated shellfish farms from two coastal areas in China were randomly collected and tested by dq-PCR. The detection rate of Haplosporidium spp. was 8.6 % in the Qindao, Shandong coastal area, whereas Perkinsus spp. was 8.3 % coastal oysters cultivated from shellfish farms of Beihai, Guangxi. The dqPCR results suggested that Haplosporidium spp. was prevalent in oysters from Qindao, Shandong, while Perkinsus spp. was prevalent in oysters from the coastal areas of Beihai, Guangxi. This dq-PCR could be used as a diagnostic tool to detect Haplosporidium spp. and Perkinsus spp. in cultivated shellfish. 相似文献
999.
Qing Tao Rui Fang Weichao Zhang Yifan Wang Jianxi Cheng Yalin Li Kun Fang Muhammad Kasib Khan Min Hu Yanqin Zhou Junlong Zhao 《Parasitology research》2013,112(8):2871-2877
Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most prevalent intracellular parasites and is threatening the health of both humans and animals, therefore causing incalculable economic losses worldwide. Vaccination is thought to be an efficient way of controlling toxoplasmosis. T. gondii microneme protein 11 (MIC11) is a soluble microneme protein which is presumably considered facilitating the early stage of cell invasion. To evaluate the protective efficacy of T. gondii MIC11, in the present study, a new DNA vaccine-encoding the α-chain of T. gondii MIC11 was constructed using the pcDNA3.1 vector. Expression of MIC11 from this vector was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay following transfection into baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells. Intramuscular immunization of BALB/c mice with pcDNA/MIC11 was carried out to evaluate the immune responses by serum antibodies titers, lymphoproliferation assay, and cytokines assay. The protective efficacy was evaluated by survival rate in mice after challenging with highly virulent strain of T. gondii. The results demonstrated that this vaccination elicited significant humoral responses and T. gondii lysate antigen (TLA)-stimulated lymphoproliferation (p?<?0.05). Compared to controls, the pcDNA/MIC11 immunized mice had high production of IFN-γ, IL-12, and IL-2 (p?<?0.05), but not IL-4 (p?>?0.05), indicating that a predominant Th1 type response was developed. The vaccination also increased the survival rate of immunized mice when they were challenged with a lethal dose of tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain. These data suggest that T. gondii MIC11 is a reasonable vaccine candidate deserving further studies, and pcDNA/MIC11 is a potential strategy for the control of toxoplasmosis. 相似文献
1000.
A key challenge in the successful treatment of Acanthamoeba infections is its ability to transform into a dormant cyst form that is resistant to physiological conditions and pharmacological therapies, resulting in recurrent infections. The carbohydrate linkage analysis of cyst walls of Acanthamoeba castellanii showed variously linked sugar residues, including xylofuranose/xylopyranose, glucopyranose, mannopyranose, and galactopyranose. Here, it is shown that exogenous xylose significantly reduced A. castellanii differentiation in encystation assays (P?<?0.05 using paired t test, one-tailed distribution). Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) probes against xylose isomerase and cellulose synthase, as well as specific inhibitors, the findings revealed that xylose isomerase and cellulose synthase activities are crucial in the differentiation of A. castellanii. Inhibition of both enzymes using siRNA against xylose isomerase and cellulose synthase but not scrambled siRNA attenuated A. castellanii metamorphosis, as demonstrated by the arrest of encystation of A. castellanii. Neither inhibitor nor siRNA probes had any effect on the viability and extracellular proteolytic activities of A. castellanii. 相似文献