Socio-economic status and dental caries experience of 3911 five-year-old natives of Contra Costa County, California

At least 10 reports present somewhat conflicting data on the socioeconomic status of families and its relationship to the experience of the children with dental carries. Read this report and decide!     

Comparison of observer performance reading from a video CRT vs. reading from film

The developing trend for all medical images to be in digital form raises an important question: should diagnostic interpretations be made directly from a CRT or from some form of hard copy recording of the CRT? This question was studied by having two observers read a series of digital images of the thyroid including both conventional scintigrams and computer-generated tomograms. The CRT images were photographed in a carefully controlled fashion. Images were read once from film and a second time directly from the CRT. No significant difference in performance could be found for either display modality based on an ROC analysis. Although based on uncomplicated images and analysis, this result suggests that the decision to read from film or from the CRT can be made on other grounds than observer performance. This important result needs confirmation with more complex images such as ultrasound or CT.     

Properties of nuclear and cytoplasmic estrogen receptor in the rabbit corpus luteum: evidence for translocation.

Nuclear and cytoplasmic estrogen receptors have been identified and characterized in the rabbit corpus luteum, and validated methods are described for the measurement of both unoccupied and total estrogen receptor. Binding was specific for the biologically active estrogens. Equilibrium binding analysis of cytoplasmic estrogen receptor yielded saturable, high affinity binding sites with a Kd of 5.4 x 10(-11) M. Two types of binding sites were found in the nuclear fraction: one with high affinity (Kd = 8.9 x 10(-11) M) and low capacity, the other with low affinity (Kd = 2.7 x 10(-8) M) and high capacity. In the presence of 0.4 M KCl, the sedimentation coefficients of nuclear and cytoplasmic estrogen receptors are 3.4S, while the value is 6.8S for cytoplasmic receptor in buffer without KCl. Twenty minutes after an iv injection of 2 micrograms 17 beta-estradiol, the available and total cytoplasmic estrogen receptors were depleted. This depletion was accompanied by concomitant and stoichiometric accumulation of receptor in the nucleus, indicating an apparent translocation of the receptor. In corpora lutea of normal rabbits, approximately 80% of the total nuclear receptor is unoccupied. Evidence is presented to suggest that nuclear receptor sites might be ordinarily occupied with estradiol, but during isolation of the nuclear fraction these sites become available or unoccupied. The identification of nuclear estrogen receptor and the phenomenon of translocation of cytoplasmic receptor to the nucleus suggest a similarity of estrogen action in the rabbit corpus luteum and other estrogen target tissues.     

Oblique-angle tomography: a restructuring algorithm for transaxial tomographic data

A set of contiguous transaxial tomographic sections obtained with a rotating-camera tomograph represents the full three-dimensional distribution of activity within a volume of the body. Tomographic sections in planes other than the origianl transverse plane can be produced from these data merely by resorting the data appropriately. The paper presents a simple and efficient algorithm for producing tomograms of the heart oriented either at right angles to the long axis of the left ventricle, or parallel to it. Tomograms in these orientations have specific advantages for imaging the heart and avoid some of the limitations seen in comparable tomograms obtained by the seven-pinhole technique.