Effects of person-centred care on health outcomes—A randomized controlled trial in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Objectives

To study the effects of person-centred care provided to patients with acute coronary syndrome, using four different health-related outcome measures. Also, to examine the performance of these outcomes when measuring person-centred care.

Racial differences in incident de novo donor‐specific anti‐HLA antibody among primary renal allograft recipients: results from a single center cohort study

Controversy exists as to whether African American (AA) transplant recipients are at risk for developing de novo donor‐specific anti‐human leucocyte antigen (HLA) antibody (dnDSA). We studied 341 HLA‐mismatched, primary renal allograft recipients who were consecutively transplanted between 3/1999 and 12/2010. Sera were collected sequentially pre‐ and post‐transplant and tested for anti‐HLA immunoglobulin G (IgG) via single antigen bead assay. Of the 341 transplant patients (225 AA and 116 non‐AA), 107 developed dnDSA at a median of 9.2 months post‐transplant. AA patients had a 5‐year dnDSA incidence of 35%. This was significantly higher than the 5‐year dnDSA incidence for non‐AA patients (21%). DQ mismatch (risk) and receiving a living‐related donor (LRD) transplant (protective) were transplant factors associated with dnDSA. Within the AA patient cohort, HLA‐DQ mismatch, not‐receiving a LRD transplant, nonadherence and BK viraemia were the most common factors associated with early dnDSA (occurring <24 months post‐transplant). Nonadherence and pretransplant diabetes history were the strong precursors to late dnDSA. Despite the higher rates of dnDSA in the AA cohort, post‐dnDSA survival was the same in AA and non‐AA patients. This study suggests that DQ matching, increasing LRD transplantation in AA patients and minimizing under‐immunosuppression will be key to preventing dnDSA.     

TNF-α对兔胆管成纤维细胞P311/TGF-β1/α-SMA通路的影响及川芎嗪的干预作用

目的:探讨TNF-α对兔胆管成纤维细胞P311/TGF-β1/α-SMA通路的影响及川芎嗪的干预作用。方法:分离、培养正常家兔胆管成纤维细胞并鉴定,将胆管成纤维细胞分别给予TNF-α、TNF-α联合不同浓度的TMP(0.08、0.4、2.0 mg/m L)干预48 h,以无处理的胆管成纤维细胞为空白对照,用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖水平;real-time PCR检测细胞P311、TGF-β1、α-SMA m RNA表达;Western blot检测细胞TGF-β1、α-SMA蛋白表达。结果:与空白对照比较,胆管成纤维细胞经TNF-α处理后,增殖明显增强,P311、TGF-β1、α-SMA m RNA以及TGF-β1、α-SMA蛋白表达明显上调(均P0.05);TMP对TNF-α的上述效应有抑制作用,并且呈现浓度依耐趋势,其中0.4、2.0 mg/m L的TMP有明显作用(均P0.05)。结论:TNF-α可能通过调控P311/TGF-β1/α-SMA信号通路促进胆管成纤维细胞增殖,TMP能抑TNF-α对该通路的活化,故可能对良性胆道狭窄有防治作用。     

野葡萄根原植物的调查研究

调查采集了湖北省麻城地区治疗慢性骨髓炎的野葡萄根原植物,鉴定出是蛇葡萄Ampelop-sis sinca以及光叶蛇葡萄、异叶蛇葡萄和三裂叶蛇葡萄等四种植物的根。     

Intoxication of sheep exposed to ozark milkweed (Asclepias viridis Walter)

Some 20 sheep died 1 at a time on a farm in Fleming County, KY, in late July of 1999 after consumption of Asclepias viridis Walter. Major histological lesions were mild multifocal nonsuppurative myocarditis. Gross pathology revealed wet and heavy lungs. Many affected animals had a hunched appearance, and marked posterior paresis was also observed.     

胫骨密质骨相对钙含量沿径向分布的研究

本文应用离子探针技术研究了成年牛和人胫骨骨干密质骨中相对钙含量沿径向的分布,发现径向内外侧的相对钙含量大于中间部位,得到相对钙含量的分布曲线,它的分布规律对于胫骨中不同的微观几何结构是相同的,并对这种分布规律形成的原因和对密质骨力学性质的影响进行了初步的分析。     

Interleukin-1β induces cytosolic PLA2 in parallel with prostaglandin E2 in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts

We investigated the temporal relationship between the increase in enzymatic activity and protein of a high molecular weight (100 kDa), cytosolic PLA₂ (cPLA₂) in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts (RSF). Both of these responses increased according to a similar time-course which correlates with PGE₂ production by these cells. In contrast, 14 kDa, secreted PLA₂ (sPLA₂), which was also produced by RSF, was not affected by IL-1β treatment. These findings support that an augmentation of cPLA₂ activity, caused by an induction of cPLA₂ protein, rather than sPLA₂, is temporally associated with increased PGE₂ production in IL-1β-treated RSF.     

Recombinant HpaA purified from Escherichia coli has biological properties similar to those of native Helicobacter pylori HpaA

The aim of this study was to recombinantly produce and purify Helicobacter pylori adhesin A (HpaA) from Escherichia coli and compare it to purified native H. pylori HpaA, for potential use as a vaccine antigen. The hpaA gene was cloned from H. pylori, transferred to two different expression vectors, and transformed into E. coli. Expression of rHpaA was analysed by immunoblot, inhibition ELISA, and semi-quantitative dot-blot. Using affinity chromatography, rHpaA was purified from E. coli and native HpaA from H. pylori. The binding of both purified proteins to sialic acid was analysed and antibody titres to native and rHpaA were compared after intraperitoneal immunisation of C57/Bl mice. The rHpaA protein was highly expressed in E. coli from both vectors. Purified recombinant and native HpaA bound similarly to fetuin but also to the non-sialylated asialofetuin. Both native HpaA and rHpaA induced comparable amounts of specific antibodies in serum after immunisation and they were identical in double immunodiffusion. In conclusion, rHpaA was successfully produced in E. coli. Purified rHpaA showed biological properties similar to those of native HpaA isolated from H. pylori and may therefore be further used as an antigen in the development of a vaccine against H. pylori infection.     

Comparison of the complete genomic sequence of the border disease virus, BD31, to other pestiviruses

The genus Pestivirus is composed of hog cholera virus (HCV) [also known as classical swine fever virus (CSFV)], bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and border disease virus (BDV). Complete sequences have been published for HCV (or CSFV) and the two genotypes of BVDV (BVDV1 and BVDV2). In this study the complete sequence of the border disease virus (BDV), BD31, was determined. BD31 was isolated from a lamb with hairy shaker syndrome and is the BDV type virus offered by ATCC (ATCC VR-996). The genome was 12268 nucleotides long and had a single large open reading frame (ORF) beginning at nucleotide 357 and ending at nucleotide 12045. The sequence identity of the predicted amino acid sequence of BD31 and other published pestivirus sequences varied from 71% to 78%. Phylogenetic analysis of available complete genomic sequences segregated pestiviruses into two branches. One branch contained BD31 and HCV (or CSFV) isolates while the other branch contained BVDV1 and BVDV2 isolates. Pestiviruses from the same branch were similar in the length of the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTR). When complete genomic sequences were compared among BD31, HCV (or CSFV), BVDV1 and BVDV2, the highest sequence identity was observed in the 5′ UTR. Within the ORF, the highest sequence identity was observed in the genomic region coding for the nonstructural viral polypeptide p80.     

Bacterial stimulation and granulocyte inhibition of granulopoietic factor production.

We attempted to determine the effect of live bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis) on granulocyte colony-stimulating-factor production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) in vitro. Addition of bacteria to mononuclear-cell cultures enhanced colony-stimulating-factor production by these cells, as assayed on both human and mouse bone marrow. Addition of peripheral blood granulocytes to parallel cultures eliminated this enhancement effect, presumably by bacterial removal or inactivation. These data suggest that micro-organisms may have a pivotal role in granulocyte production and maturation by serving as a stimulus to increase colony-stimulating-factor production and also as negative control through their removal by the newly formed granulocytes.