血管内皮生长因子受体启动子驱动重组腺病毒双自杀基因系统选择性杀伤大肠癌细胞

OBJECTIVE: To observe the selective killing effect of adenovirus (Ad)-mediated double suicide gene driven by kinase domain-containing receptor(KDR) promoter on human colorectal cancer LoVo cells and human umbilical vein endothelial ECV304 cells. METHODS: The plasmid pAdEasy-KDR-CDglyTK was transfected into 293 packaging cells for amplification of the infectious Ad and used to infect the KDR-producing cells (ECV304 and LoVo) and the KDR-nonproducing cells (LS174T) respectively. The three cells were treated with the prodrugs 5-flurocytosine (5-FC) and ganciclovir (GCV) at different concentrations after infection. The killing effects of the fusion gene system on the cells were evaluated. The distribution of cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The infection rates of the recombinant Ad were similar among the 3 cells, gradually increasing with the increment of multiplicity of infection (MOI) and reaching 100% with the MOI of 200. The LoVo cells and ECV304 cells infected with Ad-KDR-CDglyTK were highly sensitive to both of the prodrugs (P>0.1), whereas the infected LS174T cells failed to exhibit similar sensitivity (P<0.001). The killing effect of CD/TK fusion gene on the target cells was much stronger than that of either suicide gene (P<0.001). The cell cycle of LoVo cells was arrested at G1 phase. CONCLUSION: The CD/TK fusion gene system driven by KDR promoter can selectively kill KDR-expressing human colorectal cancer LoVo cells and endothelial cells.     

Cr:LiSAF激光在组织自体荧光光谱研究中的应用

目的　该文以Cr:liSAF激光作为激发光源 ,针对生物大分子设计了荧光实验 ,以探讨其在组织自体荧光研究中的应用。方法　氙灯泵浦Cr:LiSAF二次谐波用来产生可调谐蓝光脉冲激光输出 ,并设计了自体荧光试验。结果　最后设计并实现了可调谐蓝光脉冲激光输出 ,得到了良好的输出特性。结论　氙灯泵浦Cr:LiSAF二次谐波产生可调谐蓝光脉冲激光输出得到了良好的输出特性 ,该实验为进一步研究肿瘤组织与正常组织自体荧光产生机制打下了基础。     

原代培养神经细胞膜经N—甲基—D—D天冬氨酸和MK—801作用后原子力微镜观察

目的：对比观察正常培养皮层神经元在N－甲基－D－天冬氨酸（NMDA）及其受体拮抗剂－MK－801作用下膜表面三维构像形态的改变。方法：利用分辨率为0．1－0．01nm的原子力显微镜（AFM）对原代培养大鼠皮层神经细胞膜表面进行纳米尺度的扫描观测。结果：正常神经元膜表面光滑，起伏均匀，隆起的颗粒状蛋白密集，间隔规律。NMDA损伤后神经元破碎，崩解，膜失去连续性，NMDA＋MK－801作用下神经元膜皱折增加，边缘粗糙，起伏程度介于前两者之间，结论：（1）AFM具有分辨率高，制样简单特点，（2）AFM能细微地分辨损伤保护作用后引起的细胞膜表面三维形态改变。（3）NMDA作用后膜结构开始解体，膜蛋白颗粒聚集增大，脂质凹陷加深，间距增宽，表面粗糙度增加。     

对支气管哮喘患者进行系统教育和管理的效果评估

对哮喘患者进行教育和管理渐渐受到人们的重视并成为影响哮喘整体防治效果的重要因素。我院自从1999年起即以多种形式持之以恒进行着这方面的研究工作,由此而来的效果已经引起大家的关注。本研究旨在调查目前仍在我院接受哮喘教育和管理的成年患者对于哮喘的认知水平、用药情况和病情控制水平,并评价我们几年来进行哮喘患者系统教育和管理的效果,以指导今后工作,进一步提高哮喘管理水平。     

Can marital selection explain the differences in health between married and divorced people? From a longitudinal study of a British birth cohort

In view of the rising divorce rates, the impact of divorce on health has an increasing importance in public health. The differentials in health between the married and the divorced may be explained by ‘marital selection’ and ‘marital protection’. Using longitudinal data from a study of the 1958 British birth cohort, factors that select people into divorce were identified from the areas of socio-economic status, health, and attractiveness, which included physical attractiveness, health-related behaviour and temperament. Evidence for both positive and adverse selection is found. The different sets of selection factors for females and males appear to be in line with gender role expectations. The health differentials between married and divorced men were weak and can be explained away by the selection factors. Having controlled for the selection effects, there were still significant associations between divorce and physical and psychological health in women. Though these unexplained differentials cannot be definitely interpreted as the consequences of marital dissolution, this interpretation remains plausible.     

Rapid detection of group B streptococci in pregnant women at delivery

BACKGROUND: Group B streptococcal infections are an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. A rapid method for the detection of this organism in pregnant women at the time of delivery is needed to allow early treatment of neonates. METHODS: We studied the efficacy of two polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assays for routine screening of pregnant women for group B streptococci at the time of delivery. We obtained anal, vaginal, and combined vaginal and anal specimens from 112 pregnant women; in 57 women, specimens were obtained before and after the rupture of the amniotic membranes. The specimens were tested for group B streptococci by culture in a standard selective broth medium, with a conventional PCR assay, and with a new fluorogenic PCR assay. RESULTS: Among the 112 women, the results of the culture of the combined vaginal and anal specimens were positive for group B streptococci in 33 women (29.5 percent). The two PCR assays detected group B streptococcal colonization in specimens from 32 of these 33 women: the one negative PCR result was in a sample obtained after the rupture of membranes. As compared with the culture results, the sensitivity of both PCR assays was 97.0 percent and the negative predictive value was 98.8 percent. Both the specificity and the positive predictive value of the two PCR assays were 100 percent. The length of time required to obtain results was 30 to 45 minutes for the new PCR assay, 100 minutes for the conventional PCR assay, and at least 36 hours for culture. CONCLUSIONS: Colonization with group B streptococci can be identified rapidly and reliably by a PCR assay in pregnant women in labor both before and after the rupture of membranes.     

Die Wertigkeit der Adenosintriphosphatase Reaktion zur Diagnostik von essentiellen Paraproteinämien

Zusammenfassung Bei 26 Fällen mit essentieller Paraproteinämie wurde die cytochemische Aktivität der Adenosintriphosphatase (ATPase) in den Plasmazellen des Knochenmarks untersucht. 15 Fälle zeigten eine erniedrigte und 11 Patienten eine normale ATPase-Aktivität. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, daß die Erniedrigung der ATPase für die Diagnostik des Plasmocytoms nicht spezifisch ist.Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Hoffmeister, Mannheim, zum 65. Geburtstag.     

Obliterative muscularization of the small bowel submucosa in Crohn disease: a possible mechanism of small bowel obstruction

CONTEXT: The pathology of small bowel obstruction in Crohn disease has not been studied extensively. Stricture formation has been attributed mainly to fibrosis, although muscularization of the submucosa has been discussed previously. OBJECTIVE: To identify additional pathologic changes in Crohn disease that could be involved in the formation of strictures. DESIGN: We reviewed 50 ileal resections from patients with Crohn disease. The histopathologic slides were reviewed initially without knowledge of the macroscopic or clinical findings. We identified an unusual muscular proliferation that we refer to as obliterative muscularization of the submucosa, defined as a thick and continuous muscle layer from the mucosal base to the muscularis propria that is at least 1 cm in length. Subsequently, histopathologic findings were correlated with macroscopic and clinical findings. RESULTS: Obliterative muscularization of the submucosa was present in 14 specimens, and in 11 of these 14 it was topographically restricted to strictures. Submucosal fibrosis was observed in sections from adjacent regions. Obliterative muscularization of the submucosa, including thick-walled vessels and hyperplastic nerves but not prominent scarring, was more common in specimens with strictures; the difference was statistically significant (P <.001). CONCLUSIONS: Obliterative muscularization of the submucosa may be pathogenetically involved in the formation of strictures either directly by causing a sustained spasm, or indirectly by minimizing the vasoprotective role of the submucosa, impairing repair and enhancing scarring.     

Adaptation of cancellous bone to aging and immobilization in growing rats.

Two-and-half-month-old female rats were subjected to right hindlimb immobilization or served as controls for 0, 1, 2, 8, 14, and 20 weeks. The right hindlimb was immobilized by bandaging it against the abdomen, thus unloading it. Cancellous bone histomorphometry was performed on microradiographs and double-fluorescent labeled 20 microns sections of the distal femoral metaphyses. Primary spongiosa bone loss occurred rapidly by 2 weeks, and secondary spongiosa bone loss occurred rapidly by 8 weeks of immobilization, and then equilibrated at 60% less bone mass than age-related controls. The negative bone balance induced by immobilization was caused by transient increase in bone resorption, decrease in bone formation, and longitudinal bone growth. The dynamic data of secondary spongiosa cancellous bone showed that percent eroded perimeter was transiently elevated by 55 to 82% between 1 and 8 weeks, percent labeled perimeter was transiently depressed by 32% to 50% between 1 and 14 weeks, mineral apposition rate was depressed by 23% and 19% at 1 and 2 weeks, and bone formation rate-bone area referent was transiently depressed by 35% and 59% at 1 and 2 weeks. All the above parameters were at age-related control levels by 20 weeks of immobilization. However, bone formation rate-tissue area referent was depressed (-65%) throughout the study. Immobilization depressed completely longitudinal bone growth by 2 weeks and remained so. Only 0.65 mm of new metaphysis was generated in the immobilized versus 2.1 mm in controls during the study period. The immobilization induced an early cancellous bone loss which equilibrated at a new steady state with less bone and a normal (age-related control) bone turnover rate. When these findings were compared to an earlier study of 9-month-old virgin females subjected to right hindlimb immobilization up to 26 weeks, we found the adaptive responses of the cancellous bone were identical except that they occurred earlier and equilibrated sooner in younger rats.