腹腔镜胆总管探查术693例报告

目的总结运用腹腔镜胆总管探查术的治疗经验。方法回顾性分析 1992年 3月至2 0 0 3年 3月运用腹腔镜胆总管探查术对 6 93例患者进行治疗的经验及效果。结果即时缝合的 391例中 ,373例治疗获得成功 ;T管引流的 30 2例中 2 72例获得成功。扩张膜状狭窄 74例中效果满意 6 8例 ,恶性狭窄 15例中 11例支架引流获得成功 ,既往有开腹或腹腔镜胆囊胆管手术史者 4 2例中再次手术成功 36例。中转开腹 7例 ,胆漏 2 4例 ,术后残石内镜未取净 11例 ,死亡 4例。结论腹腔镜胆总管探查术对于有较高内镜和腹腔镜技术者是可行、有效和安全的。     

蟾毒灵抗小鼠原位移植性肝癌整体药效学研究

目的　探讨蟾毒灵对小鼠原位移植性肝癌的抗肿瘤作用。方法　建立肝原位移植瘤模型。随机分为 5组 ,每组 15只 ,蟾毒灵 3组分别给予 1.5、1.0、0 .5mg/kg体重 ,腹腔注射 ;生理盐水 (NS)组给予等体积的生理盐水 ,用法同蟾毒灵组 ;阿霉素 (ADM )组按 8mg/kg体重给药。用药后第 11天每组分别处死 10只荷瘤鼠 ,测量肿瘤大小 ,取瘤组织行病理学检查和瘤细胞超微结构观察。剩余各组观察带瘤生存期。结果　蟾毒灵组肿瘤大小均较NS组明显缩小 (P <0 .0 1) ;中、大剂量的蟾毒灵组带瘤生存期较NS组明显延长 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。大、中剂量的蟾毒灵瘤组织以中重度坏死为主 ,小剂量以轻中度坏死为主。电镜下大、中剂量蟾毒灵组可见肿瘤细胞凋亡征象。结论　蟾毒灵对小鼠原位移植性肝癌有显著的抗肿瘤作用 ,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡可能是蟾毒灵的抗肿瘤机理之一。     

The Efficacy of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cell Infusion as an Adjuvant Therapy for Postoperative Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

Background

Even after surgery, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has poor prognosis; adjuvant therapy is needed to improve effectively the outcome of HCC patients. We evaluated the efficacy of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell infusion as an adjuvant therapy for postoperative HCC patients.

Methods

A total of 410 patients were studied retrospectively (January 2002 to January 2007): 206 received surgery alone; 204 received surgery and at least four cycles of CIK cell transfusion (CIK group). Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to explore differences in OS between two groups.

Results

The CIK group overall survival rates were significantly higher than that of the surgery-alone group (log-rank test; p = 0.0007). Multivariate survival analysis showed that CIK cell treatment was an independent prognostic factor. In subgroup analysis, patients who received ≥8 cycles of CIK cell transfusion exhibited significantly better survival than the <8 cycle group (p = 0.0272). There was no significant difference in overall survival in patients with ≤5-cm tumors between the CIK and surgery-alone groups (p = 0.7567). However, in patients with >5-cm tumors, the CIK group displayed significantly better overall survival than the surgery-alone group (p = 0.0002).

Conclusions

Postoperative immunotherapy with CIK cell transfusion may be an effective adjuvant treatment for improving the outcomes of HCC patients; >8 cycles of CIK cell transfusion may ensure that patients derive maximal benefits. Moreover, patients with large tumors might benefit more from CIK cell adjuvant treatment than patients with small tumors.     

三镜同期手术扩大一期缝合术应用范围238例报告

目的 总结运用腹腔镜、胆道镜、十二指肠镜（三镜）同期手术治疗胆囊结石、胆总管结石和乳头狭窄,及扩大一期缝合术应用范围的经验.方法 腹腔镜下行 LC、胆总管切开、胆道镜取石、液电碎石,经腹胆道镜钳道插入输尿管导管或斑马导丝至十二指肠腔,经口十二指肠镜行乳头切开术,一期缝合胆总管切口.结果 扩大一期缝合术应用范围 238 例,术中成功切除胆囊和取净胆总管结石238 例（ 100.0% ）.236 例（ 99.2% ）乳头狭窄切开成功,直接施行一期缝合术,2 例（ 0.8% ）乳头狭窄切开失败者改为 T 管引流术.术后发生轻症胰腺炎 4 例（ 1.7% ）;发生胆漏 7 例（ 2.9% ）,经腹腔引流管引流治愈;无肠穿孔、胆管穿孔、大出血、重症胰腺炎等并发症,无死亡.结论 选择适宜的患者,采用三镜同期手术扩大一期缝合术应用范围是可行、有效和安全的.     

旋髂浅动脉游离皮瓣的临床应用及供瓣区处理

目的 探讨旋髂浅动脉皮瓣游离移植的临床适应证及供瓣区的修复方法.方法 根据创面大小设计旋髂浅动脉皮瓣,并分别游离移植修复17例面颈部、足踝部及小腿等处创伤及畸形,对供瓣区无法直接拉拢缝合者,设计同侧脐旁岛状皮瓣转移进行修复.结果 17例旋髂浅动脉游离皮瓣,最大面积19 cm×14 cm,最小5 cm×3 cm,16例术后成活良好,1例皮瓣部分坏死,术后2周移植皮片修复.10例供瓣区直接缝合,7例行脐旁岛状皮瓣转移修复,皮瓣全部成活,术后经3个月至2年随访,腹部外形良好.结论 旋髂浅动脉皮瓣游离移植,对于面颈部及手足等处具有良好的修复效果,而同侧脐旁岛状皮瓣亦可使供瓣区得到良好的修复.     

原发性腹腔器官恶性淋巴瘤临床分析

目的　探讨原发性腹腔内恶性淋巴瘤的病因、诊治方法。方法　对我院收治的原发性腹腔内恶性淋巴瘤 185例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果　 185例原发性腹腔内恶性淋巴瘤 ,其中原发于胃的恶性淋巴瘤 5 6例 ,误诊 2 7例 ,手术切除 38例 ;原发于肠的恶性淋巴瘤 79例 ,误诊 39例 ,手术切除 6 3例。原发于脾脏的恶性淋巴瘤 30例、肝脏 6例 ,均误诊。原发于腹膜后间隙的肾上腺恶性淋巴瘤 9例、腹主动脉旁深部淋巴结 5例。结论　腹腔内恶性淋巴瘤误诊率高 ,综合治疗效果较单一治疗好。     

门脉高压症患者脾切除术后免疫功能的改变及其与脾组织免疫细胞的关系

目的　研究门脉高压症脾亢患者脾切除前后免疫功能的改变 ,以及巨脾组织免疫活性细胞的数量变化。探讨门脉高压症脾亢患者脾脏切除术合理性的免疫学基础。方法　对门脉高压症脾切除术患者 ,术前检测静脉血T淋巴细胞亚群 (CD3 、CD4 、CD8 、CD2 0 )及NK细胞 ;白介素 2(IL 2 )和白介素 10 (IL 10 ) ;γ干扰素 (IFN γ) ;免疫球蛋白 (IgG、IgM、IgA)及补体C3、C4。脾切除术后 1周、1月再次检测上述指标。切除的巨脾组织制成石蜡切片 ,检测CD3 、CD8 、CD2 0 、CD6 8 阳性细胞数量及分布 ,与正常脾组织进行比较。结果　①脾切除术后 1月免疫球蛋白IgG、补体C3、C4均升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,IgM、IgA呈增高趋势 ,但无统计学意义。②脾切除术后 1月IL 2、IFN γ明显升高 ,但仍低于正常人 ;IL 10明显降低 ,但仍高于正常人。③脾切除手术前后外周血CD4 、CD8 、CD4 /CD8 、CD2 0 细胞变化均无统计学意义。仅CD3 、NK细胞术后 1月明显升高 (P <0 .0 1)。④门静脉高压症巨脾与正常脾脏比较 ,CD3 、CD8 、CD2 0 、CD6 8 细胞数均减少。结论　经部分免疫学指标检测 ,门脉高压症脾亢患者免疫功能降低 ,脾切除术能使门脉高压症患者免疫功能得到一定改善。     

Comparison between the antero-posterior and posterior only approaches for treating thoracolumbar tuberculosis (T10-L2) with kyphosis in children: a minimum 3-year follow-up

Purpose

There are few papers in the literature comparing outcomes between antero-posterior and posterior-only approaches for treating thoracolumbar tuberculosis (T10–L2) in children

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of 47 children who were diagnosed and treated as thoracolumbar tuberculosis (T10–L2) in our department from January 2005 to June 2009. Forty-seven cases of thoracolumbar tuberculosis were treated by two different surgical approaches. All the cases were divided into two groups: 25 cases in group A underwent one-stage posterior debridement, transforaminal fusion, and instrumentation, and 22 cases in group B underwent anterior debridement, bone graft, and posterior instrumentation in a single- or two-stage procedure. Two approaches were compared in terms of average operative time, blood loss, hospitalizations, bony fusion, intraoperative and postoperative complications, the Oswestry disability index score, neurological status, and the angle of kyphosis.

Results

All 47 patients (24 M/23F), averaged 9.1?±?2.6 years old (range 5 to 14 years), who were followed up for mean of 49.3?±?8.6 months (range 36 to 65 months). Spinal tuberculosis (TB) was completely cured, and the grafted bones were fused in 9 months in all cases. It was obviously that the average operative time, blood loss, hospitalization, and complication rate of group A was less than those of group B. Good clinical outcomes were achieved in both groups.

Conclusions

Both the antero-posterior and posterior approaches can effectively heal T10–L2 vertebral tuberculosis, but the average surgical time, blood loss, complications, and hospital stay following the posterior approach are prominently less than those following the antero-posterior approach. It might be a better surgical treatment for thoracic spinal tuberculosis in children with poor health status, especially for cases in early phase of bone destruction and/or mild and moderate kyphosis.

     

胆道内支架引流术治疗梗阻性黄疸（附12例报告）

笔者对１２例胆道梗阻病人进行了非手术治疗。其中，采用自制“Ｚ”型自张式金属支架（ＥＭＳ）成功地实施经皮经肝或经“Ｔ”型管胆道内支架引流术（ＥＭＢＥ）治疗者８例。８例中，胆道良性梗阻，“Ｔ”型管引流术后２例，胆道恶性梗阻６例。ＥＭＢＥ后，行“Ｔ”型管引流者当日即停止外引流；梗阻性黄疸病人症状迅速消失，黄疸逐日消退。术后随访观察１～１６个月。胆道发生再闭塞２例（１例经再置入一组ＥＭＳ及局部放疗后获得再通）。术后３个月无黄疸死亡１例，其余病例均无黄疸生存。其中１例已１６个月无复发。本组未出现严重的并发症及副作用。笔者认为ＥＭＢＥ操作简便，副作用少，疗效显著，是一种治疗梗阻性黄疸的比较理想的非手术方法。     

CT增强静脉期直方图分析在甲状腺癌诊断和分型中的应用价值

目的:探讨基于增强CT静脉期的直方图参数在诊断甲状腺癌(TC)及预测其病理分型中的应用价值.方法:将2017年4月-2021年4月在我院经手术或穿刺活检病理证实的103例甲状腺结节患者作为研究对象,包括良性结节82个、恶性结节37个(分化型24例,非分化型13例).所有患者术前行颈部和上胸部CT平扫和双期(动脉期和静脉...