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91.
Parents' Challenges and Physicians' Tasks in Disclosing Cancer to Children. A Qualitative Interview Study and Reflections on Professional Duties in Pediatric Oncology
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92.
Beverley M Essue Merel Kimman Nina Svenstrup Katharina Lindevig Kjoege Tracey Lea Laba Maree L Hackett Stephen Jan 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》2015,93(2):102-112B
Objective
To determine the nature, scope and effectiveness of interventions to reduce the household economic burden of illness or injury.Methods
We systematically reviewed reports published on or before 31 January 2014 that we found in the CENTRAL, CINAHL, Econlit, Embase, MEDLINE, PreMEDLINE and PsycINFO databases. We extracted data from prospective controlled trials and assessed the risk of bias. We narratively synthesized evidence.Findings
Nine of the 4330 studies checked met our inclusion criteria – seven had evaluated changes to existing health-insurance programmes and two had evaluated different modes of delivering information. The only interventions found to reduce out-of-pocket expenditure significantly were those that eliminated or substantially reduced co-payments for a given patient population. However, the reductions only represented marginal changes in the total expenditures of patients. We found no studies that had been effective in addressing broader household economic impacts – such as catastrophic health expenditure – in the disease populations investigated.Conclusion
In general, interventions designed to reduce the complex household economic burden of illness and injury appear to have had little impact on household economies. We only found a few relevant studies using rigorous study designs that were conducted in defined patient populations. The studies were limited in the range of interventions tested and they evaluated only a narrow range of household economic outcomes. There is a need for method development to advance the measurement of the household economic consequences of illness and injury and facilitate the development of innovative interventions to supplement the strategies based on health insurance. 相似文献93.
Red blood cells treated with the amustaline (S‐303) pathogen reduction system: a transfusion study in cardiac surgery
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Veronika Brixner Arndt‐Holger Kiessling Katharina Madlener Markus M. Müller Johannes Leibacher Sarah Dombos Iuliia Weber Hans‐Ulrich Pfeiffer Christof Geisen Michael Schmidt Reinhard Henschler Anne North Norman Huang Nina Mufti Anna Erickson Christine Ernst Salvador Rico Richard J. Benjamin Laurence M. Corash Erhard Seifried 《Transfusion》2018,58(4):905-916
94.
Steffen Moritz Jakob Fink Franziska Miegel Katharina Nitsche Vivien Kraft Peter Tonn Lena Jelinek 《Cognitive therapy and research》2018,42(5):650-660
The present study aimed to elucidate the profile of coping in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) in order to discern whether the disorder is characterized by an excess of maladaptive coping skills and/or a lack of adaptive coping skills. Sixty individuals with OCD were compared with 110 individuals with depression and 1050 nonclinical controls on the Maladaptive and Adaptive Coping Styles Questionnaire (MAX). Psychopathology was assessed with the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression (PHQ-9). Individuals with OCD and depression displayed more maladaptive coping and avoidance as well as less adaptive coping than nonclinical controls. Importantly, adaptive coping was significantly lower in individuals with OCD than in those with depression at a medium effect size, whereas the clinical groups were indistinguishable on maladaptive coping and avoidance. Lack of adaptive coping was strongly correlated with resistance to symptoms and poor insight in OCD (Y-BOCS), even after controlling for depression. Lack of adaptive coping skills may represent a specific pathogenetic factor in OCD. Longitudinal studies need to clarify whether strengthening adaptive skills during childhood and adolescence may help to prevent the progression from subclinical to manifest OCD. 相似文献
95.
Mia Forslin Katharina Fink Ulf Hammar Lena von Koch Sverker Johansson 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(8):1483-1490
Objective
To identify predictors for employment status after 10 years in a cohort of people with multiple sclerosis (MS), with the aim to increase knowledge concerning factors present at an early stage that are important for working life and work-life balance.Design
A 10-year longitudinal observational cohort study.Setting
University hospital.Participants
A consecutive sample of people with MS (N=154) of working age were included at baseline, of which a total of 116 people participated in the 10-year follow-up; 27 people declined participation and 11 were deceased.Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
Baseline data on personal factors and functioning were used as independent variables. Employment status 10 years after baseline, categorized as full-time work, part-time work, and no work, was used as the dependent variable. A generalized ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive value of the independent variables.Results
Predictors for full- or part-time work after 10 years were young age (P=.002), low perceived physical impact of MS (P=.02), fatigue (P=.03), full-time work (P=.001), and high frequency of social/lifestyle activities (P=.001) at baseline. Low perceived physical impact of MS (P=.02) at baseline also predicted full-time work after 10 years.Conclusions
This study underlines the complexity of working life for people with MS, and indicates that it may be valuable to give more attention to the balance between working and private life, both in clinical practice and future research, to achieve a sustainable working life over time. 相似文献96.
97.
Johannes W de Jong Theresia J M Roelofs Frédérique M U Mol Anne E J Hillen Katharina E Meijboom Mieneke C M Luijendijk Harrie A M van der Eerden Keith M Garner Louk J M J Vanderschuren Roger A H Adan 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2015,40(9):2085-2095
Altered mesolimbic dopamine signaling has been widely implicated in addictive behavior. For the most part, this work has focused on dopamine within the striatum, but there is emerging evidence for a role of the auto-inhibitory, somatodendritic dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in addiction. Thus, decreased midbrain D2R expression has been implicated in addiction in humans. Moreover, knockout of the gene encoding the D2R receptor (Drd2) in dopamine neurons has been shown to enhance the locomotor response to cocaine in mice. Therefore, we here tested the hypothesis that decreasing D2R expression in the VTA of adult rats, using shRNA knockdown, promotes addiction-like behavior in rats responding for cocaine or palatable food. Rats with decreased VTA D2R expression showed markedly increased motivation for both sucrose and cocaine under a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement, but the acquisition or maintenance of cocaine self-administration were not affected. They also displayed enhanced cocaine-induced locomotor activity, but no change in basal locomotion. This robust increase in incentive motivation was behaviorally specific, as we did not observe any differences in fixed ratio responding, extinction responding, reinstatement or conditioned suppression of cocaine, and sucrose seeking. We conclude that VTA D2R knockdown results in increased incentive motivation, but does not directly promote other aspects of addiction-like behavior. 相似文献
98.
Philipp J. Hohensinner Julia Mayer Julia Kirchbacher Julia Kral-Pointner Barbara Thaler Christoph Kaun Lena Hell Patrick Haider Marion Mussbacher Johannes A. Schmid Stefan Stojkovic Svitlana Demyanets Michael B. Fischer Kurt Huber Katharina Woran Christian Hengstenberg Walter S. Speidl Rudolf Oehler Ingrid Pabinger Johann Wojta 《Haematologica》2021,106(2):454
99.
Dimitar Divchev Edith Katharina Podewski Michael Mengel Gerd Peter Meyer Helmut Drexler Arnd Schaefer 《European journal of echocardiography》2007,8(4):298-302
We are presenting a case of floating left and right atrial formations on an atrial septal defect occluder system (23mm StarFLEX)-Occluder) initially supposed to be thrombotic appositions in a 57-year-old man. The closure was performed on the background of left hemispheric stroke and atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) with patent foramen ovale (PFO). The suspect structures were detected in the 6-month follow-up by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The patient underwent a successful surgical explantation of the closure device and closure of the patent foramen ovale (PFO) using a pericardial patch. The pathological evaluation of the biatrial device associated appositions revealed hytrophic heart muscle tissue with perifocal scarring and purulent abscess-forming, granulating and foam-cell including inflammatory foreign body reaction instead of the expected thrombus formation. 相似文献
100.
A PKR-like eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha kinase from zebrafish contains Z-DNA binding domains instead of dsRNA binding domains
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Rothenburg S Deigendesch N Dittmar K Koch-Nolte F Haag F Lowenhaupt K Rich A 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2005,102(5):1602-1607
The double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is induced as part of the IFN response in mammals and acts to shut down protein synthesis by the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha). In fish, a PKR-like kinase activity has been detected, but the enzyme responsible has eluded characterization. Here, we describe a PKR-like kinase from zebrafish. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the C-terminal kinase domain is more closely related to the kinase domain of PKR than to any of the other three known eIF2alpha kinases. Surprisingly, instead of the two dsRNA binding domains found at the N terminus of PKR, there are two Zalpha domains. Zalpha domains specifically bind dsDNA and RNA in the left-handed Z conformation, often with high affinity. They have been found previously in two other IFN-inducible proteins, the dsRNA editing enzyme, ADAR1, and Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1), as well as in the poxvirus virulence factor, E3L. This previously undescribed kinase, designated PKZ (protein kinase containing Z-DNA binding domains), is transcribed constitutively at low levels and is highly induced after injection of poly(inosinic)-poly(cytidylic) acid, which simulates viral infection. Binding of Z-DNA by the Zalpha domain of PKZ was demonstrated by circular dichroism. PKZ inhibits translation in transfected cells; site-directed mutagenesis indicates that this inhibition depends on its catalytic activity. Identification of a gene combining Zalpha domains with a PKR-like kinase domain strengthens the hypothesis that the ability to bind left-handed nucleic acid plays a role in the host response to viruses. 相似文献